English Study Words Week 4

Front 1

Ad hominem argument

Back 1

from the latin word meaning "to or against the man", this is an argument that appeals to emtion rather than reason, to feeling rather than intellect. attacked to opponents charcter rather than answering his argument

Front 2

Analogy

Back 2

a similarity or comparsion between two different things or the realtions between them.can explain something unfimliar by associating it with or poinint it out its simalirities to something more fzmiliar

Front 3

Apostrophe

Back 3

a figure of speech that directly an absent or imaginary person or personified abstraction, such as liberty or love. the effect may add familiarity or emotional intensity

Front 4

clause

Back 4

a grammatical unit that contains both a subject and a verb maybe independent, expressing a complete thought and can stand alone as a sentence. maybe dependent or subordinate and thus cannot stand alone as a sentence and must be accompained by an independent clause

Front 5

Colloquialism(n.)
Colloquial(adj.)

Back 5

the use of slang informalities in speech or writting. not generally acceptable for formal writting, but may give a conversational, familiar tone, and include local or regional dialect

Front 6

conceit

Back 6

a fanciful expression, usually in the form of an extended metaphor or suprising analoy between semmingly dissimilar pbjects

Front 7

figurative language

Back 7

wirtting or speech that is not intended to carry literal meaning and is usually meant to be imaginative and vivid

Front 8

figure of speech

Back 8

a device used to produce figurative language. many compare dissimilar things.

Front 9

homily

Back 9

the term literally means "sermon", but more informally, it can include any serious talk, speech or lecture involving moral or spiritual advice.

Front 10

invective

Back 10

an emotionally violent, verbal denunciation or attack using strong, abusive language

Front 11

Irony(n.)
Ironic(adj)

Back 11

the contrast between what is stated explicitly and what is really meant; the difference between what appears to be and what is actually is true

Front 12

metonymy

Back 12

a figure of speech which one name is substituted for that of another closely associated with it

Front 13

parallelism

Back 13

from the greek word meaning "beside one another"
it refers to the grammatical or rhetorical framing of words, pharses, sentences, or paragraphs to give structural similarity. the can involve, but is not limited to repetition of grammatical element such as a prepositional pharse, appostive pharse, infinitive phrase

Front 14

subject complement

Back 14

the word (with any accompanying pharse) or clause that follows a linking verb and complements or completes a subject of a sentence by either
1)renaming it (subject nominate) or describing it (predicate adjective)

Front 15

predicate adjective

Back 15

one type of subject complement-an adjective group of adjectives or adjective clause that follows a linking verb. it is the predicate of a sentence and modifies or describes the subject

Front 16

predicate nominate

Back 16

another type of subject complement-a noun a group of nouns or noun clause that renames the subject

Front 17

subordinate clause

Back 17

a clause that can not stand alone because it does not express a complete thought. also called a dependent clause, this clause depends on a main or independent clause to complete its emaning.

Front 18

synecdoche

Back 18

- a term donoting a part of sometinhg is used to refer to the whole thing
-a term denoting a thing is used to refer to part of it
-a term denoting a specific class of thing is used to refer to a larger, more general class or a term denoting a general class of thing is used to refer to a smaller, more specific class
-a term denoting a material is used to refer to an object composed of that material

Front 19

syntax

Back 19

the way an author chooses to join words into pharses, lcauses and sentences. when analyzing syntax, first try to figure out what type of sentence the author uses, and then try to determine how the author's choice amplify meaning, in other words, why these choices work well

Front 20

pharse

Back 20

two or more words in a sequence that form a syntactic unit that is less than a complete sentence.