English Final

Front 1

Begging the Question

Back 1

Treating an opinion as if it was a fact.
Ex. The belief of God is universial. After all, everyone believes in God.

Front 2

Non Sequitor

Back 2

No logical relationship exists.
Ex. He smokes weed so he must be unhappy.

Front 3

Red Herring

Back 3

Irrelevent issue intended to distract readers from relevent issues.
Ex. Students should be able to go off campus for lunch since so many students come from broken families

Front 4

False Authority

Back 4

They cite as an expert someone whose expertice is irrelevant.
Ex. My sister, who is a neurologist, does not believe that To Kill a Mockingbird is worthy of such literary merit.

Front 5

Hasty Generalization

Back 5

A claim based on too little evidence.
Ex. From what I witnessed at the Mountain Vista soccer game, its clear to me thal all athletes at Mountain Vista are disrespectful

Front 6

Sweeping Generalization

Back 6

Statement saying, always, never, all and no one.
Ex. ALL girls are emotional

Front 7

Reductive Fallacy

Back 7

Reduces the relationship between the cause and effect.
Ex. Poverty causes crime

Front 8

False Analogy

Back 8

Writer assumes that they are all alike in all respects.
Ex.

Front 9

Appeal to fear or pity

Back 9

To convince somebody to do something by using fear or pity.
Ex. If you have an abortion you are going to hell

Front 10

Snob appeal

Back 10

Inviting readers to accept an assertion in order to be identified with those they admire.
EX. Buy these shoes because Micheal Jorden has them

Front 11

Bandwagon Approach

Back 11

Inviting readers to do something because everyone else is.
Ex. You should smoke weed because everyone else does it.

Front 12

Argument ad populum

Back 12

asks readers to accept a conculsion based on shared values.
Ex. Any true patriotic American would support the Presidents actions.

Front 13

Argument ad hominem

Back 13

Asks reader to disregard the pros and cons of the issue and focus on the real negative qualities of the people who old opposing view.
Ex. The preacher is an alcoholic; therefore dont listen to what he said.

Front 14

Logos

Back 14

Logical- Neo -classical

Front 15

Pathos

Back 15

Emotional- Romanticism

Front 16

Ethos

Back 16

Credibility

Front 17

Triads

Back 17

groups of three using same grammatical form.
Ex. Life, liberty and justice for all

Front 18

Anaphora

Back 18

Repetition that does not bore.
Ex. I have a Dream

Front 19

Antithesis

Back 19

placin gan idea next to on eto which it is sharply contrasted or opposed.
Ex. Ask not what your country can do for you but what you can do for your country

Front 20

Simile

Back 20

Comparing two things using the word "like"
Ex. My sould is like a caged bird

Front 21

Metaphor

Back 21

Compares two different things by speaking of one in terms of the other.
Ex. The mind is but a barren soil...

Front 22

Analogy

Back 22

Type of comparison usually compares real similarities.

Front 23

Hyperbole

Back 23

Exaggeration for the sake of emphasis.
Ex. She ran so fast that she left her shadow behind

Front 24

Subject

Back 24

an effective subject concerns a matter of opinion, can be disputed, and is controversial

Front 25

Thesis

Back 25

Main idea and claim in your paper, meets the same requirments as you subject, and makes the claim that you want your readers to consider or act upon.

Front 26

Purpose

Back 26

-Strengthen the commitment of exsisting supporters
-Win new supportes from the undecided
-To encourage the opposition to reconsider
-to inspire supporters to act
-to deter the undecided from acting

Front 27

Evidence

Back 27

Facts
Statistics
Examples
Expert Opinions
Appeals to beliefs or needs

Front 28

Facts

Back 28

Verifiably true statements

Front 29

Statistics

Back 29

Fact that employs a number

Front 30

Examples

Back 30

A specific instance to make your point

Front 31

Expert Opinions

Back 31

A judgment formed by authority

Front 32

Appeals to beliefs or needs

Back 32

persuade someone on the terms of their need or belief

Front 33

Assumption

Back 33

An opinion, pirnciple or a belief that links that evidence to the claim. Always tells why a given piece of evidence is pertinent to the claim

Front 34

Naivete

Back 34

Natural simplicity, not wise in thw ways of the world

Front 35

Nihilism

Back 35

Total rejection of laws

Front 36

Nondescript

Back 36

of no particular or notable type or kind

Front 37

Nonplussed

Back 37

confused or perplexed

Front 38

Obfuscate

Back 38

to make unclear or confuse

Front 39

Obliged

Back 39

to feel morally obligated

Front 40

Olfactory

Back 40

pertaining ot smell

Front 41

Onerous

Back 41

burdensome or troublesome

Front 42

Oblique

Back 42

slanting or indirect

Front 43

Opprobrium

Back 43

Disgrace as a result of shameful conduct

Front 44

Ostensible

Back 44

what something appears to be

Front 45

Panacea

Back 45

cure-all universal remedy solution

Front 46

Partisan

Back 46

a supporter of a group, person, or party

Front 47

Pathos

Back 47

pertaining to emotion

Front 48

Pedagogic

Back 48

the art or science of teaching

Front 49

Pedantic

Back 49

overly concerned with minor details

Front 50

Perfidious

Back 50

disloyal dishonest and deceitful

Front 51

Petulant

Back 51

Irritable, grouchy, bad-tempered

Front 52

Plaudits

Back 52

an enthusiastic expression of approbal, a round of applause

Front 53

Pontificate

Back 53

to speak in showy or dogmatic manner

Front 54

Proliferate

Back 54

to grow by rapid production of new cells, parts, buds, or offspring

Front 55

Promulgate

Back 55

to proclaim, to make known to by doctrine

Front 56

Prose

Back 56

the ordinary lanfuage people use in speaking or writing

Front 57

Prototype

Back 57

the original model on which something was patterned

Front 58

Prowess

Back 58

extra ordinary ability, distinguished bravery

Front 59

Pundits

Back 59

a person who gives opinions in an authorative manner

Front 60

Qualm

Back 60

A sudden access of a distrubing emotion

Front 61

Quibble

Back 61

a small argument that does not mean much

Front 62

Quixotic

Back 62

impulsive and often rashly unpredictable

Front 63

Reprehensible

Back 63

deserving of reproof, rebuke or cunsure; blameworthy

Front 64

Rescind

Back 64

to abrogate; annul; revoke; repeal

Front 65

Sanctimonious

Back 65

making a hypocritical show of religious decotion, piety

Front 66

Sanction

Back 66

to authorize, approve, or allow

Front 67

Scrupulous

Back 67

gaving or showing a strict regard for what one considers right

Front 68

Sophistry

Back 68

a subtle, tricky, superficially plausible but fallacious method of reasoning

Front 69

Spate

Back 69

a sudden almost overwhelming outpouring

Front 70

Specious

Back 70

pleasing to the eye but deceptive

Front 71

Serendipity

Back 71

making desirable discoveries

Front 72

Steadfastness

Back 72

fixed in intensity or direction; steady

Front 73

Stupefy

Back 73

to put in state of little or no sensibility

Front 74

Subterfuge

Back 74

to hide something

Front 75

Supplant

Back 75

to take the place of something and move it somewhere else