English Cset (Subtests 2 & 4): Communications

Front 1

Debate

Back 1

A speech form in which two sides take opposite positions on a question and take turns arguing their view. Lincoln-Douglas debates are a special type of debate commonly held for high school competitions, in which each side is only one person rather than a team of two. They are strictly timed.

Front 2

Expository Speech

Back 2

A speech with the purpose of informing the audience about a topic.

Front 3

Extemporaneous Speech

Back 3

Like an impromptu speech, but the speaker is often given a little time to prepare.

Front 4

Impromptu Speech

Back 4

A speech given on the spur of the moment with very little preparation.

Front 5

Interpretive Performance

Back 5

The performance of a work of literature with the purpose of communicating its emotional meaning.

Front 6

Persuasive Speech

Back 6

A speech with the purpose of influencing the audience members' opinions.

Front 7

Body Language

Back 7

The way one uses the body to communicate. For example, a speaker who holds his arms stiffly at his sides, rather than making natural-looking gestures, appears uncomfortable and will make the audience uncomfortable.

Front 8

Diction

Back 8

The choice and use of words in speech.

Front 9

Enunciation

Back 9

The way one pronounces words.

Front 10

Eye Contact

Back 10

The practice of looking into the eyes of individual audience members. A good speaker will pick a friendly face and maintain eye contact for a brief time before moving on to another, trying to include members from all sections of the audience at various intervals.

Front 11

Response to Audience

Back 11

The way in which a speaker picks up on audience mood and adjusts performance or speech accordingly.

Front 12

Vocal Pitch

Back 12

The degree of highness or lowness of a speaker's voice.

Front 13

Vocal Range

Back 13

A measure of how far a speaker's voice carries.

Front 14

Vocal Rate

Back 14

The speed at which one speaks.

Front 15

Volume

Back 15

The degree of loudness of a speaker's voice.

Front 16

Bandwagon

Back 16

The suggestion that one should buy something or think a certain way because "everyone else" is doing so.

Front 17

Either-or Fallacy

Back 17

The idea that one has only two choices, when in fact there may be many choices.

Front 18

Emotional/Slanted Language

Back 18

The use of emotion-packed words to get a desired response.

Front 19

Implied Benefit

Back 19

The suggestion that more than what is being sold will be delivered; for example, the idea that by using a certain product, one will have a better love life or a different lifestyle.

Front 20

Overgeneralization

Back 20

Sweeping statements about a situation or product.

Front 21

Plain Folks

Back 21

The suggestion that since "we are all alike," you should buy a product or adopt a certain attitude because the speaker does; for example, "As a busy high-school student, I don't have time to deal with acne, so I use XYZ acne medication, and you should, too."

Front 22

Red Herring

Back 22

The practice of citing a minor detail as a major bonus; for example, "This is the only brand of socks that comes in a choice of 28 different colors."

Front 23

Snob Appeal

Back 23

The suggestion that all the rich/cool/smart/stylish people are doing/buying/believing something, so you should, too; for example, a famous actor uses a certain brand of perfume, so you should, too.

Front 24

Testimonial

Back 24

The use of a well-known person to recommend a product or way of thinking.

Front 25

Blocking

Back 25

The physical arrangement of actors on a stage or film set.

Front 26

Costume

Back 26

Clothing worn by actors on a stage or film set.

Front 27

Dramatic Arc

Back 27

Rising and falling action in a play.

Front 28

Improvisation

Back 28

The act of creating and performing spontaneously or without preparation.

Front 29

Lighting

Back 29

The way lights are used to emphasize or de-emphasize parts of a stage.

Front 30

Props

Back 30

Portable objects used on the set of a play or film.

Front 31

Set

Back 31

A collection of scenery, stage furniture, and so on, used for a scene in a play or film.

Front 32

Sound

Back 32

Music, speech, and sound effects accompanying a play, film, or broadcast.

Front 33

Tempo

Back 33

The speed at which events occur in a play or other performance.