English Ap Semester Exam Fall

Front 1

Internal Conflict

Back 1

A conflict can be internal, involving opposing forces within a person's mind.

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Connotation

Back 2

Associations and emotional overtones that have become attached to a word or phrase, in addition to its strict dictionary definition.

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Couplet

Back 3

Two consecutive rhyming lines of poetry.

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Dialect

Back 4

A way of speaking that is characteristic of a certain social group or of the inhabitants of a certain geographical area.

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Diction

Back 5

A speaker or writers choice of words.

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Didactic

Back 6

Form of fiction or nonfiction that teaches a specific lesson or moral or provides a model of correct behavior or thinking.

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Elegy

Back 7

Open of mourning, usually about someone who has died.

Front 8

Epanalepsis

Back 8

Device of religion in which the same expression is repeated both at the the beginning and at the end of the line, clause, or sentence.

Hint 8

Common sense is not so common.

Front 9

Epic

Back 9

Long narrative poem, written in heightened language, which recounts the deeds of heroic character who embodies the values of a particular society.

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Epigraph

Back 10

Quotation or aphorism at the beginning of a literary work suggestive of the theme.

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Epistrophe

Back 11

Device of repetition in which the same expression is repeated at the end of two or more lines, clause, or sentences.

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Epithet

Back 12

An adjective or adjective phrase applied to a person or thing that is frequently used to emphasize a characteristic quality.

Hint 12

"Father of our country." And "the great Emancipator"

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Essay

Back 13

A short piece of nonfiction prose in which the writer discusses some aspect of a subject.

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Argumentation

Back 14

One of the four forms of discourse which uses logic, ethics, and emotional appeals.

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Persuasion

Back 15

Relies more on emotional appeals than on facts.

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Argument

Back 16

Form of persuasion that appeals to reason instead of emotion to convince an audience to think or act in a certain way.

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Casual relationship

Back 17

Form of argumentation in which the writer claims that one thing results from another, often used a part of a logical argument.

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Description

Back 18

A form of discourse that uses language to create a mood or emotion.

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Exposition

Back 19

One of the four major forms of discourse, in which something is explained or "set forth."

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Narrative

Back 20

The form of discourse that tells about a series of events.

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Explication

Back 21

Act of interpreting or discovering the meaning of a text, usually involves close reading and special attention to figurative language.

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Fable

Back 22

A very short story told in prose or poetry that teaches a practical lesson about how to succeed in life.

Hint 22

Includes talking animals.

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Farce

Back 23

Type of comedy in which ridiculous and often stereotyped characters are involved in silly, far-fetched situations.

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Figurative language

Back 24

Words which are inaccurate if interpreted literally, but are used to describe.

Hint 24

Similes and metaphors are common forms.

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Flashback

Back 25

A scene that interrupts the normal chronological sequence of events in a story to depict something that happened at an earlier time.

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Foil

Back 26

A character who acts as contrast to another character. Often a funny side kick to the dashing hero, or a villain contrasting the hero.

Front 27

Foreshadowing

Back 27

The use of hints and clues to suggest what will happen later in a plot.

Front 28

Free verse

Back 28

Poetry that does not confirm to a regular meter or rhyme scheme.

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Hyperbole

Back 29

Figure of speech that uses an incredible exaggeration or overstatement, for effect.

Hint 29

"If I told you once, I've told you a million times.

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Hypotactic

Back 30

Sentence marked by the use of connecting words between clauses or sentences, explicitly showing the logical or other relationships between them.

Hint 30

I am tired because it is hot.

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Imagery

Back 31

The use of language to evoke a picture or a concrete sensation of a person, a thing, a place, or an experience.

Front 32

Inversion

Back 32

The reversal of the normal word order in a sentence or phrase.

Front 33

Irony

Back 33

A discrepancy between the appearances and reality.

Front 34

Verbal irony

Back 34

Occurs when someone says one thing but really means another.

Front 35

Situational irony

Back 35

Discrepancy between what is expected to happen, and what actually happen.

Front 36

Dramatic irony

Back 36

Character thinks one thing is true, audience or reader knows better.

Front 37

Juxtaposition

Back 37

Poetics and rhetorical device in which normal unassociated ideas, words, or phrases are placed next to one another, creating an effect of surprise and wit.

Hint 37

The apparition of these facts in the crowd; Petals on a wet, black bough.

Front 38

Litotes

Back 38

Form of understatement in which the positive form is emphasized through the negation of a negative form.

Front 39

Local color

Back 39

Term applied to fiction or poetry which tends to place special emphasis on a particular setting, including its customs, clothing, dialect, and landscape.

Front 40

Loose sentence

Back 40

One in which the main clause comes first, followed by further dependent grammatical units.

Hint 40

Hester gazed after him a little hwule, looking with a half-fantastic curiosity to see whether the tender grass of early spring would not be blighted beneath him, and show the wavering track of this dootateps, were and brown, across its cheerful verdure.

Front 41

Lyric Poem

Back 41

A poem that does not tell a story but expresses the personal feelings or thoughts of the speaker.

Front 42

Metaphor

Back 42

Figure of speech that makes a comparison between two unlike things without using "like" or "as"

Front 43

Implied Metaphor

Back 43

Does not state explicitly the two terms of the comparison

Hint 43

I like to see it "it" "lap" the miles. Refers to some animal and lapping up water.

Front 44

Extended metaphor

Back 44

A metaphor extended or developed as far as the writer wants to take it.

Front 45

Dead metaphor

Back 45

Used so often that the comparison is no longer vivid.

Front 46

Mixed metaphor

Back 46

Metaphor that has gotten out of control and mixes its term so that they visually or imaginatively incompatible.

Front 47

Metonymy

Back 47

A figure of speech in which a person, place , or thing, is referred to by something closely associated with it.

Hint 47

"We requested from the crown support for our petition." The crown is used to represent the monarch.

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Mood

Back 48

An atmosphere created by a writer's diction and the details selected.

Front 49

Motif

Back 49

A recurring image, word, phrase, action, idea, object, or situation used throughout a work, unifying the work by trying the current situation to previous ones, or new ideas to the theme.

Front 50

Motivation

Back 50

Reasons for a character's behavior.

Front 51

Onomatopoeia

Back 51

Use of words whose sounds echo their sense.

Hint 51

"Pop." "Zap"

Front 52

Oxymoron

Back 52

A figure of speech that combines opposite or contradictory terms in a brief phrase.

Hint 52

"Jumbo shrimp." "Pretty ugly." "Bitter-sweet."

Front 53

Parable

Back 53

Relatively short story that teaches a moral, or lesson about how to lead a good life.

Front 54

Paradox

Back 54

A statement that appears self-contradictory, but that reveals a kind of truth.

Front 55

Koan

Back 55

A paradox used in Zen Buddhism to gain intuitive knowledge.

Hint 55

What is the sound of one hand clapping.

Front 56

Parrellel Structure

Back 56

Repetition of words or phrases that have similar grammatical structures.

Front 57

Paratactic sentence

Back 57

Simply juxtaposes the clauses of sentences.

Hint 57

I am tired: it is hot.

Front 58

Parody

Back 58

A work that makes fun of another work by imitating some aspect of the writer's style.

Front 59

Periodic

Back 59

Sentence that places the main idea or central complete thought at the end of the sentence, after all introductory elements.

Front 60

Personification

Back 60

A figure of speech in which an object or animal is given human feelings, thoughts, or attitudes.

Front 61

Plot

Back 61

The series of related events in a story or play, sometimes called the storyline.

Front 62

Exposition

Back 62

Introduces characters, situation, and setting.

Front 63

Rising action

Back 63

Complications in conflict and situations (may introduce new ones as well)

Front 64

Climax

Back 64

Point in plot that created the greatest intensity, suspense, or interest.

Hint 64

Turning point.

Front 65

Resolution

Back 65

The conclusion of a story, when all or most of the conflicts have been settled; often called the denouncement.

Front 66

Point of view

Back 66

Vantage point from which the writer tells the story.

Front 67

1st person point of view

Back 67

One of the characters tells the story.

Front 68

Third person point of view.

Back 68

One of the characters tells the story.

Front 69

Omniscient point of view

Back 69

An unknown narrator, tells the story, but this narrator zooms in to focus on the thoughts and feelings of only one character.

Front 70

Omniscient point of view

Back 70

Author tells everything about many characters.

Front 71

Objective point of view

Back 71

Narrator who is totally impersonal and objective tells the story, with no comment on any characters or events.

Front 72

Polysyndeton

Back 72

Sentence which uses a conjunction with NO commas TO separate the items in a series.

Hint 72

Results in X and Y and Z

Front 73

Protagonist

Back 73

The central character in a story, the one who initiates or drives the action.

Front 74

Pun

Back 74

A "play on words" based on the multiple meanings of a single word or on words that sound alike but mean different things.

Front 75

Quatrain

Back 75

A poem consisting of four lines of a poem that can be considered as a unit.

Front 76

Refrain

Back 76

A word, phrase, line, or a group lines that is repeated, for effect, several times in a poem.

Front 77

Rhythm

Back 77

A rise and fall of the voice products by the alternation of stressed and unstressed syllables in language.

Front 78

Rhetoric

Back 78

Art of effective communication, especially persuasive discourse.

Front 79

Rhetorical question

Back 79

A question asked for an effect, and not actually requiring an answer.

Front 80

Romance

Back 80

In general, story in which an idealized hero or heroine undertakes a quest and is successful.

Front 81

Satire

Back 81

A type of writing that ridicules the shortcomings of people or institutions in an attempt to bring about a change.

Front 82

Simile

Back 82

Using "like" or "as" to to compare two unlike things.

Front 83

Soliloquy

Back 83

A long speech made by a character in a play while no other characters are in stage.

Front 84

Stereotype

Back 84

A fixed idea or conception of a character or an idea which does not allow for any individuality, often based on religious, social, or racial prejudices.

Front 85

Stream of consciousness

Back 85

A style of writing that portrays the inner workings of a character's mind.

Hint 85

Often chaotic

Front 86

Style

Back 86

The distinctive way in which a writer used language: a writer's distinctive use of diction, tone, and syntax.

Front 87

Suspense

Back 87

A feelings of uncertainty and curiosity about what will happens next in a story.

Front 88

Symbol

Back 88

A person, place, thing, or event that has meaning in itself and that also stands for something more than itself.

Front 89

Synecdoche

Back 89

A figure of speech in which a part represents the whole.

Hint 89

If you don't drive properly, you will lose your wheels.

Front 90

Syntactic fluency

Back 90

Ability to create a variety of sentence structures, appropriately complex and/or simple and varied in length.

Front 91

Syntactic permutation

Back 91

Sentence structures that are extraordinary complex and involved. Often difficult for a ready to follow.

Front 92

Tall tale

Back 92

An outrageously exaggerated, humorous story that is obviously unbelievable.

Front 93

Telegraphic sentence

Back 93

A sentence shorter than five words in length.

Front 94

Theme

Back 94

The insight about human life that is revealed in a literary work.

Front 95

Tone

Back 95

The attitude a writer takes toward the subject of a work, the characters in it, or the audience, revealed through diction, figurative language, and organization.

Front 96

Tragedy

Back 96

In general, a story in which a heroic character either dies or comes to some other unhappy end.

Front 97

Tricolon

Back 97

Sentence of three parents of equal importance and length, usually three independent clauses.

Front 98

Understatement

Back 98

A statement that says less than what is meant.

Hint 98

During the second war with Iraq, American troops complained of a fierce sand storm that made even the night-version equipment useless. A British commando commented about the storm: It's a bit breezy.

Front 99

Unity

Back 99

Unified parts of the writing are related to one central idea or organizing principle. Unity is dependent upon coherence.

Front 100

Impressionism

Back 100

Nineteenth-century movement in literature and art which advocated a recording of the artist's personal impressions of the world, rather than a strict representation of reality.

Front 101

Modernism

Back 101

A term for the bold new experimental styles and forms that swept the arts during the first third of the twentieth century.

Front 102

Naturalism

Back 102

A nineteenth century literary movement that was an extension of realism and that claimed to portray life exactly as it was.

Front 103

Plain style

Back 103

Writing style that stressed simplicity and clarity of expression, and was the main form of the Puritan writers.

Front 104

Puritanism

Back 104

Writing style of America's early English-speaking colonists, emphasizes obedience to God and consists mainly of journals, sermons, and poems.

Front 105

Rationalism

Back 105

A movement that begin in Europe in the seventeenth century, which held that we can arrive at truth by using our reason rather than relying on the authority of the past, on the authority of the church, or an institution.

Front 106

Realism

Back 106

Style of writing, developed in nineteenth century, that attempts to depict life accurately without finalizing or romanticizing it.

Front 107

Regionalism

Back 107

Literature that emphasizes a specific geographic setting and that reproduces the speech, behavior. And attitudes of the people who live in that region.

Front 108

Romanticism

Back 108

A a revolt against rationalism that affected literature and the other arts, beginning in the late eighteenth century and remaining strong throughout most of the nineteenth century.

Front 109

Surrealism

Back 109

Movement in art and literature that started in Europe during the 1920s.

Front 110

Symbolism

Back 110

Literary movement that originated in late nineteenth century France, which writer's rearranged the world of appearances in order to reveal a more trithful version of reality.

Front 111

Transcendentalism

Back 111

Nineteenth-century movement in the romantic tradition, which held that every individual can reach ultimate truths through spiritual intuition, which transcends reasons and sensory experience.