English 9B

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acrimony

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N - harshness or bitterness of nature, speech, disposition, etc.

- The girl attacked her teacher with great acrimony after she failed her test.

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affluent

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adj - having an abundance of wealth, property, or other material goods

- The affluent man always donated tons of money to charity

- because of his affluence he always donated money.

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alacrity

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n - cheerful readiness, zeal, promptness, willingness

- When the magician asked for a volunteer, a girl ran to the stage with great alacrity.

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analgesic

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n or adj - a remedy that relieves or allays pain

- The best analgesic for a headache is advil--or a nap

- The analgesic effect of tylenol is much weaker than that of morphine.

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anarchy

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n - a state of society without government or law; chaos, disorder

- The death of the king was followed by a year of anarchy because there was no official ruler.

- I am afraid that if I leave the classroom I will return to a state of anarchy.

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avarice

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n - excessive greed for riches

- Because of his avarice, he never donates any money to charity

- He avariciously watched his brother open his birthday present, plotting to steal it when he went to sleep.

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benign

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adj - harmless; having a kindly disposition; gracious

- The doctor told her the tumor was benign, so she didn't have to worry

- I thought my comments were benign; I didn't mean to offend you.

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bequeath

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v - to hand down; pass on (like in a will)

- He bequeathed half of the company to his son.

- Some crazy old ladies bequeath all their money to their cat.

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callous

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adj. - insensitive; indifferent; unsympathetic

- His death made people aware that their society had become callous, irresponsible and selfish.

- he seemed exceptionally callous when he laughed when his friend fell down the stairs.

- his callous comments made me cry :(

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charlatan

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n - a person who pretends to be something they are not (or claims to have more knowledge or skill than they have)

- The history of medicine is filled with charlatans who promised cures for incurable illnesses.

- A charlatan sold me a watch worth $5 or $50.

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Commend

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V - to praise

- the army decided to commend a soldier for his bravery

- I commend your effort.

- Can also mean to recommend: to commend a friend to another; to commend a person for employment.

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Compliant

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adj - to go along with; obeying OR Compliance (Noun)

- While the General did not expect every soldier to support his command enthusiastically, he did expect their compliance.

- the man's compliant nature made him easy to get along with.

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Conjecture

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n - guess work

- I've made various conjectures on how the book would turn out, but none of them were right.

- That isn't based on fact; those are just wild conjectures!!!

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Contention

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n - a dispute, controversy

adj - contentious (having a tendency to quarrel or dispute)

- I suggest we avoid talking about contentious subjects so we don't start yelling at each other.

- John seems to be naturally contentious; I said the weather seems fine, and he said "nuh-uh, there are clouds in the sky!"

- there is much contention between democrats and republicans.

- can also mean a a point that one argues for in an argument: it is my contention that peaceful activists are never really peaceful. OR Moreover, this paper disputes the contention that expertise in a given specialty automatically makes for good field research.

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Contrite

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adj - caused by or showing sincere remorse. (contrition is a noun)

- Blake's contrite behavior made it impossible to stay angry at him

- However, in order to qualify for parole the prisoner must show contrition, which involves admitting guilt.

- Doing Teshuva is an example of contrition.

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Cumbersome

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adj - burdensome; troublesome. (can be difficult due to something's size and weight OR do something's complexity)

- I threw out my back because of the cumbersome baggage I had to carry for two blocks.

- I know it took you an hour to reach a customer service agent; apologies for the cumbersome ordering process!

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Denounce

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v - to condemn or accuse someone (usually publicly)

- the senator denounced her opponent as a greedy politician.

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destitute

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adj - without means of subsistence; lacking food, clothing, and shelter.

- The hurricane destroyed many homes and left many families destitute.

- she was left destitute by the death of her husband

- The country between the mountain and this Lake, is completely barren and and lacks plants and animals so it looks destitute.

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detrimental

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adj - damaging; harmful.

- smoking can be detrimental to one's health

- hanging out with this girl will have a bad effect on your behavior and be detrimental to your future.

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effusive

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adj - overflowing and lacking reserve; unduly demonstrative

- the effusive man would not stop talking about how much he loved the movie.

- they welcomed us in such an odd, effusive manner: he bowed, she curtsied, and then they both kissed our hands.

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eminent

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adj - high in station, rank, or repute; prominent; distinguished:

- Mr. Philips is such an eminent scholar that every professor on campus has come to hear him lecture.

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emollient

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adj - something that soothes; softens or relaxes (usually the skin)

- This emollient cream makes my skin very smooth.

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empathy

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n - identifying with someone's feelings; vicariously experiencing the feelings, thoughts, or attitudes of another.

- I feel such empathy for my sister that when she's in pain I cry, too.

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enmity

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n - a feeling of hostility; hatred

- The Civil War caused great enmity between the North and South that persists in some forms to this day.

- Mark and Andy have clearly not forgiven each other b/c the enmity between them is obvious to everyone in their presence.

- No enmity exists between the two boxers; they only have respect for each other's skills.

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exonerate

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v - to clear, as of an accusation; free from guilt or blame;

- the true thief's confession exonerated the man who had been in jail for the crime

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extemporaneous

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adj - done, spoken, performed, etc., without special advance preparation; impromptu

- It is clear that this was an extemporaneous speech because he kept saying, "uh" and "um."

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extraneous

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adj - not pertinent; irrelevant; unnecessary

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hyperbole

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n - obvious and intentional exaggeration.

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ignominy

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n - disgrace; dishonor; public contempt.

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imminent

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adj - likely to occur at any moment

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incarcerate

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v - to imprison; confine.

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incognito

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adj - hiding one's identity; in disguise

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incredulous

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adj - indicating or showing unbelief

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indigent

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adj - lacking food, clothing, and other necessities of life because of poverty; needy; poor; impoverished.

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indolent

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adj - lazy (indolence is the noun)

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infallible

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adj - unable to make mistakes; exempt from liability to error

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innocuous

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adj - not harmful or injurious; harmless

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insolent

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adj - boldly rude or disrespectful;

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intrepid

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adj - fearless

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irate

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adj - angry; enraged

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malign

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v - to speak harmful untruths about; speak evil of; slander; defame

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malignant

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adj - cause harm, suffering, or distress deliberately; feeling or showing ill will or hatred.

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monotonous

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adj - lacking in variety; dull

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myopic

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adj - lacking tolerance or understanding; narrow-minded

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nepotism

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n - showing favoritism because of family relationship, as in business and politics:

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omnipotent

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adj - almighty or infinite in power, as God.

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pacifist

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n - a person who believes in pacifism or is opposed (against) to war or to violence of any kind.

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paucity

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n - smallness of quantity

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penury

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n - extreme poverty; destitution.

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posthumous

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adj - arising, occurring, or continuing after one's death:

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pragmatic

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adj - having a practical point of view or practical considerations.

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pretentious

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adj - overly showy; self important

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proficient

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adj - very skilled in a specific subject, like art, science, music, etc.

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prudent

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adj - wise in practical affairs; careful in providing for the future; for example, a prudent decision...

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ravenous

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adj - extremely hungry

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refute

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v - to prove to be false

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resilient

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adj - springing back; rebounding; capable of recovering quickly

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resplendent

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adj - splendid in appearance; shining brilliantly; gleaming; splendid

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speculate

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v - to engage in thought or reflection on a particular subject

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tenacious

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adj - persistent, stubborn, or obstinate (tenacity is a noun)

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throng

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n - a crowd of people

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Utopian

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adj - founded upon or involving idealized perfection.

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presumptuous

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adj - being too bold or forward

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ingratiate

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v - to try to find favor in someone's eyes (though deliberate effort)

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novice

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n - a beginner

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slovenly

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adj - untidy, unclean, sloppy

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interloper

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v - one who interferes or intrudes into some region or field of trade without a proper license.

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extemporaneous

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adj - done, spoken, performed, etc., without special advance preparation; impromptu: (extemporaneously is the adv)

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sycophant

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n - one who attempts to win favor by flattering influential people

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Boorish

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adj - unmannered; crude

- His boorish table manners made him impossible to eat with.

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Callous

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aj - insensitive; indifferent; unsympathetic

- They have a callous attitude toward the sufferings of others.

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Fortitude

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N - mental and emotional strength in facing difficulty

- Never once did her fortitude waver during that long illness.

- I pray we have the fortitude to carry on fighting.

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Futile

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adj - ineffective; useless

It is futile to attempt to convince my parents to buy me a car.

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Garrulous

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adj - excessively talkative

It is very difficult to teach a class of garrulous students--but they do make things interesting.

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Gregarious

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adj - sociable

Buffalo are gregarious animals while spiders are more solitary.