English

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A figure of speech in which an explicit comparison is made between two things essentially unalike. The comparison is made explicit by the use of some such word or phrase as like, as, than, similar to, resembles, or seems.

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Simile:

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A figure of speech in which an implicit comparison is made between two things essentially unalike. It may take one of four forms:
(1) That in which the literal term and the figurative term are both named.
(2) That in which the literal term is named and the figurative term is implied.
(3) That in which the literal term is implied and the figurative term named
(4) That in which both the literal and the figurative terms are implied.

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Metaphor:

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Use of symbols to signify ideas and qualities

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Symbolism:

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A narrative or description that has a second meaning beneath the surface, often relating each literal term to a fixed, corresponding abstract idea or moral principle: usually, the ulterior meaning belong to a preexisting system of ideas or principles.
CHARACTERS ARE SYMBOLS

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Allegory:

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A figure of speech in which human attributes are given to an animal, an object, or a concept.

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Personification:

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A figure of speech in which exaggeration is used in the service of truth.

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Hyperbole/Overstatement:

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A joke exploiting the different possible meanings of a word or the fact that there are words that sound alike but have different meanings.

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Pun:

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A compact verbal paradox in which two successive words seemingly contradict one another.

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Oxymoron:

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A figure of speech in which a part is used for the whole (usually body parts).

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Synecdoche:

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The representation through language of sense experience.

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Imagery:

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A reference, explicit or implicit, to something in previous literature or history.

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Allusion:

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A literary device that you can easily identify.

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Situational Irony:

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A situation or a use of language involving some kind of incongruity or discrepancy.

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Irony:

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The writer’s or speaker’s attitude toward the subject, the audience, or herself or himself; the emotional coloring, or emotional meaning, of a work.

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Tone:

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Temporary state of mind or feeling.

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Mood:

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a combination of idiotypical usage of syntax, diction, punctuation, character development, dialogue, etc.,

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Voice:

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The choice and use of words and phrases in speech or writing.

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Diction:

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What a word suggests beyond its basic definition, a word’s overtone of meaning.

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Connotation

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The basic definition or dictionary meaning of a word.

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Denotation:

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A clash of actions, desires, ideas, or goals in the plot of a story or drama. Conflict may exist between the main character and some other person or persons; between the main character and some external force- physical nature, society, or “fate”; or between the main character and some destructive element in his or her own nature.

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Conflict:

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Man vs man

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Internal conflict:

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Man vs.nature

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External conflict:

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The repetition at close intervals of the initial consonant sounds of accented syllables or important words. Important words and accented syllables beginning with vowels may also be said to alliterate with each other inasmuch as they all have the same lack of an initial consonant sound.

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Alliteration:

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The repetition at close intervals of the vowel sounds of accented syllables or important words.

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Assonance:

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The repetition at close intervals of the final consonant sounds of accented syllables or important words.

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Consonance:

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The use of words that supposedly mimic their meaning in their sound.

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Onomatopoeia:

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Use of a word referring to or replacing a word used earlier in a sentence.

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Anaphora:

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the repetition of a word at the end of successive clauses or sentences.

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Epistrophe:

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the omission or absence of a conjunction between parts of a sentence.

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Asyndeton:

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a literary technique in which conjunctions (e.g. and, but, or) are used repeatedly in quick succession, often with no commas, even when the conjunctions could be removed.

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Polysyndeton:

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a mild or indirect word or expression substituted for one considered to be too harsh or blunt when referring to something unpleasant or embarrassing.

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Euphemism

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"information, especially of a biased or misleading nature, used to promote a political cause or point of view").

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Propaganda:

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Explained

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Explicit:

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Implied

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Implicit:

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Based on feelings

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Subjective:

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Based on facts

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Objective:

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A kind of literature that ridicules human folly or vice with the purpose of bringing about reform or of keeping others from falling into similar folly or vice.

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Satire:

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A personal account of significant events or people in the authors life

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Memoir:

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Establishing credit

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Ethos:

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path to heart: emotion

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Pathos:

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Logic facts

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Logos

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Flawed argument

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Fallacy:

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directed against a person rather than the position they are maintaining.

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Ad Hominem:

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One leads to another

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Slippery Slope:

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Why we think

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Paradigm:

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Unclear

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Ambiguous:

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Caotic

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Tumult:

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Feel sorry for

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Sympathy:

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Feel for

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Empathy:

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State of feeling nothing

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Apathy:

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To make happy or please

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Appease: