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238 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The Anglo-Saxon period can be described as an era of?
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Invasion and bloodshed
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The Anglo-Saxon period lasted approximately from?
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449-1066
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The Anglo-Saxons believed in fate or?
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Wyrd
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Anglo-Saxon culture contained a strange mixture of Christian and ___ values.
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Pagan
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Who was responsible for the final wave of invasions during the Anglo-Saxon period?
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Vikings
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"Caedmon's Hymn" tells of ___.
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the creation of the world
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"The Wife's Lament" deals with what common theme in Anglo-Saxon literature?
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exile
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In "The Wife's Lament," the speaker and her beloved once boasted that ___.
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none but death would drive them apart
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Which of the following is Alfred the Great NOT known for?
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losing to William the Conqueror at the Battle of Hastings
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Coifi, one of King Edwin's advisors, recommended converting to Christianity because ___.
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he did not like the way the gods had rewarded him
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What is the name of the missionary who converts King Edwin?
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Paulinus
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One of Edwin's counselors compares earthly life to the flight of a sparrow through a well-lit hall into the dark winter night. What is this an example of?
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allegory
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Beowulf comes to the land of the Danes to ___.
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Defeat a monster and earn honor for himself
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Beowulf's first battle is against ___.
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Grendel
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Beowulf's second battle is against ___.
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none of these
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What stirs the anger of the dragon in Beowulf?
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Somebody steals a gem-studded cup from it
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When Beowulf dies, his body is ___.
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burned on a funeral pyre
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How many stressed syllables per line did the original manuscript of Beowulf contain?
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4
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a pause for breath in the middle of a line of poetry?
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caesura
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The central technique used in Anglo-Saxon riddles was ___.
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personification
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swan-road
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kenning
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story of a sparrow that flies in and out of a hall
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allegory
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Beowulf
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heroic epic
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"The Story of Caedmon"
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miracle story
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"...Was there a warrior worthier to rule over men..."
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alliteration
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"The Wife's Lament"
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elegiac lyric
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the clock announced that it was time for dinner
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personification
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"Till the monster stirred, that demon, that fiend, Grendel."
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apposition
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"Better to have loved and lost/Than never to have loved at all."
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aphorism
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major pause in a line of poetry
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caesura
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I throw old men to the earth.
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Anglo-Saxon Riddles
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The iron sang its fierce song...
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Beowulf
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Behold, by the help of God you have escaped the hands of the enemies whom you feared.
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"The Conversion of King Edwin"
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Always must the young be troubled in mood...
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"The Wife's Lament"
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...whenever he would see the harp getting close to his place, he got up in the middle of the meal and went home.
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"The Story of Caedmon"
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Canterbury Tales is ___.
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A frame tale
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The characters in Canterbury Tales are ___.
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pilgrims
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The characters' destination is ___.
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a martyr's shrine
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St. Thomas a Becket was ___.
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Archbishop of Canterbury and murdered by men working for Henry II
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The speaker in the Canterbury Tales general prologue is ___.
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The Narrator
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Canterbury Tales is written almost entirely in ___.
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couplet form
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Chaucer's original plan for Canterbury Tales was to have a total of ___ tales.
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120
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Canterbury Tales is the most important piece of Medieval literature because:
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it gives the reader insight into the social friction created by the feudal system
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Who comes up with the idea for each pilgrim to tell stories during the journey?
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The Host
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What kind of story is "The Pardoner's Tale"?
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exemplum
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Which of the following concepts is personified in "The Pardoner's Tale"?
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Death
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What literary technique does the Pardoner exemplify through his prologue and tale?
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Irony
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How many men had the Wife of Bath married?
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5
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Canterbury Tales was first written in ___.
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Middle English
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What kind of story is the Wife of Bath's tale?
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a fairy tale
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Which of the following events began the Medieval Period?
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The Battle of Hastings
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Whose actions led to the Danes eventual transformation into Normans?
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Alfred the Great
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Medieval society was organized using a system called ___.
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feudalism
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Put the following members of society in order according to their system of vassalage (highest to lowest): 1-Pope,2-king,3-serf,4-duke,5-knight,6-earl
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1,2,6,4,5,3
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Which of the following led to increased attention to female inclusion in society?
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the enormous influence of the Catholic Church and its fixation on the Virgin Mary
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What was the "reminder of death" called in much of the religious literature of the Medieval Period?
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memento mori
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Which section of society did the most growing during the Medieval Period?
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the middle class
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The decline of the powerful aristocracy was made inevitable by ___.
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advancements in printing by William Caxton
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How many lines are in a ballad stanza?
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4
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How does Sir Patrick Spens die?
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shipwreck
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What question does the poem "Ubi Sunt Qui ante Nos Fuerunt" seek to answer?
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"Where are they who came before us?"
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What is the answer to the above question?
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hell
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"Sir Gawain and the Green Knight" is an ___.
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Arthurian Romance
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Around what kind of contest is the opening of "Sir Gawain" based?
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beheading
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Gawain keeps the green girdle as a reminder of ___.
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his weakness
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Arthur's biological father is ___.
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Uther Pendragon
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Arthur proves that he is meant to be king by ___.
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pulling a sword from a stone
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Malory translated and compiled Morte d' Arthur from manuscripts written in ___.
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French
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If King Arthur had truly existed, he would most likely have lived during ___.
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the Anglo-Saxon period
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The title Morte d' Arthur is misleading.
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True
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The highest ranking pilgrim in Canterbury Tales is ___.
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the Knight
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Canterbury Tales is ___.
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a frame tale
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St. Thomas a Becket is/was ___.
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The reason Canterbury Tales exists
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When did Chaucer complete his Canterbury Tales?
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None of these
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Which two pilgrims start an arguement with each other toward the end of the Wife of Bath's prologue?
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the friar and the summoner
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Chaucer includes himself as a character in his Canterbury Tales?
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True
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Who is not represented in Canterbury Tales?
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the highest of the nobility
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Everyman is ___.
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a morality play
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The personification of abstraction is called ___.
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naive allegory
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Who stays with Everyman even as he enters into death?
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Good Deeds
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Don Quixote appears to straddle the line between ___ and ___.
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idealism and delusion
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Don Quixote's horse is named ___.
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Rozinante
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Who advises Don Quixote not to fight the windmills?
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Sancho Panza
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What was Don Quixote's obsession?
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chivalric romances
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Words representing prepared meat come from the English while terms for live animals are derived from the French.
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False
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By the end of the Medieval Period, the English language had taken strides in the direction of standardization.
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True
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Which of the five major dialects was spoken in London?
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East Midland
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Who was responsible for the increased spread of printed works in England?
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Caxton
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During the portion of the Medieval Period when the English and French languages shared a place in the vocabulary of the populous, it was obvious that words with a French origin had a more ___ connotation.
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formal
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"What is the thing that women most desire?"
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Wife of Bath
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"And here's a lot of gold that is to be / Divided equally amongst us three"
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Pardoner
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"He started up and smote me on the head,/ And down I fell upon the floor for dead."
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Wife of Bath
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"...As well in Christian as in heathen places,/ And ever honored for his noble graces."
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Knight
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"Each one of you shall help to make things slip/ By telling two stories on the outward trip/ To Canterbury, that's what I intend,/ And, on the homeward way to journey's end/ Another two, tales from the days of old;"
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Host
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"And well she sang a service, with a fine/ Intoning through her nose, as was most seemly,/ And she spoke daintily in French, extremely..."
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Nun
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"It seems a reasonable thing to say/ What their condition was, the full array/ Of each of them, as it appeared to me..."
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Narrator
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"At night there came into that hostelry/ Some nine and twenty in a company."
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Narrator
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"The curse of avarice and cupidity/ Is all my sermon, for it frees the pelf./ Out come the pence, and specially for myself..."
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Pardoner
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"Show me a time or text where God disparages,/ Or sets a prohibition upon marriages/ Expressly, let me have it! Show it me!/ And where did He command virginity?"
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Wife of Bath
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"This is a long preamble to a tale!"
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Wife of Bath
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a work in which each element symbolizes, or represents, something else
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allegory
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the repetition of initial consonant sounds
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alliteration
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a kind of lyric that expresses grief over death or loss
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elegiac lyric
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a short saying or pointed statement
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aphorism
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narrator uses words such as I and we
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first-person point of view
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the narrator uses you
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second-person point of view
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narrator uses words such as he, she, it, and they
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third-person point of view
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a figure of speech in which an idea, animal, or thing is described as if it were a person
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personification
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a long story, often told in verse, involving heroes and gods
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epic
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an epic that has a main purpose of telling the life story of a great hero
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heroic epic
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metaphorical two word replacements for nouns
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kennings
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grammatical form in which a thing is renamed in a different word, phrase, or clause
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apposition
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a poetic foot containing one weakly stressed syllable followed by one strongly stressed syllable, as in the words afraid and release.
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iamb
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a poem's rhythmical pattern
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meter
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a simple narrative poem in four-line stanzas, usually meant to be sung and rhyming abcb
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ballad
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a comparison using like or as
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simile
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a pattern of end rhymes, or rhymes at the ends of lines of verse
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rhyme scheme
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used to refer to stories about the adventures and loves of knights
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medieval romance
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a code of romantic love celebrated in songs and romances of the Medieval Period
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courtly love
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stories of the exploits of the legendary King Arthur and his knights of the Round Table
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Arthurian Romance
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the code of conduct of the medieval knight
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chivalry
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a difference between appearance and reality
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irony
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a story that provides a vehicle for the telling of other stories
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frame tale
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a type of medieval drama in which the characters are abstract caricatures of virtues, vices, and the like
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morality play
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characters, objects, places, and actions are personifications of abstraction such as Good Deeds, Beauty, Vanity, or the journey to the Celestial Kingdom
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naive allegory
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a figure of speech in which one thing is spoken or written about as though it were another
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metaphor
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a lyric poem of fourteen lines, often in iambic pentameter
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Petrarchan sonnet
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a kind of meter, or rhythmic pattern, of five iambs, each iamb being one weakly stressed syllable followed by one strongly stressed syllable
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iambic pentameter
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a musical verse that expresses the emotions of the speaker
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lyric poem
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a poem that deals with idealized rural life
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pastoral poem
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a statement that has a double meaning or a meaning that cannot be clearly resolved
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ambiguity
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a rhetorical technique in which reference is made to a person, event, object, or work from history or literature
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allusion
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a fourteen-line sonnet that consists of three quatrains and a rhyming couplet. The rhyme scheme is abab cdcd efef gg, and the verse is iambic pentameter.
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Shakespearean sonnet
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repeats an idea but in different words
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repetition with variation
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an imaginary, idealized world
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utopia
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a speech delivered by a lone character that reveals the speaker's thoughts and feelings
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soliloquy
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family of languages that English belongs to?
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Indo-European
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long-dead language from which the Indo-European family of languages developed?
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Proto-Indo-European
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West Germanic dialects that the Anglo-Saxons brought with them when they invaded England?
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Old English
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word histories
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etymologies
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ancient Germanic script in which Old English was written in its earliest stages?
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runic
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The Old English language underwent rapid change and developed into this?
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Middle English
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associations
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connotations
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size and diversity of the word stock
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lexicon
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grammatical endings
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inflections
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dialect that was spoken in London
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East Midland
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the East Midland dialect of London and of Caxton developed into this, which is spoken and written today?
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Modern English
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version of English that we use today?
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Modern English
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Between 1400 and 1600 dramatic changes in pronunciation of vowels occured?
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Great Vowel Shift
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the grammatical roles of words are shown by word endings
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inflected language
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grammatical roles are shown by position in the sentence
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analytical language
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Inhabited the largest of the islands in ancient times?
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Britons
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Inhabited the second largest of the islands in ancient times?
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Gaels
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Peoples who came from the European continent at an uncertain date?
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Celtic
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Today, in part of the British Isles, languages descended from those of the ___ are still spoken.
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Celts
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Pagan priests who composed hymns, poems, and historical records; studied the movements of the heavenly bodies; served as judges; and conducted religious ceremonies?
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Druids
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Was used as a site for religious ceremony?
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Stonehenge
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Noteworthy artifact that the Britons created?
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White Horse of Uffington
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In 75 BC, Britain was invaded by a tribe from the Continent called the ___.
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Belgae
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Roman general who led a force across the English Channel, defeated the Britons, and returned to the Continent?
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Julius Caesar
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Roman emperor who conquered Britain, introducing their law, culture, and Latin language to the island?
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Claudius
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Wife of King Prasutagus who was left to rule in his place?
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Boadicea
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First Germanic invaders to invade Britain from the Danish peninsula?
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Jutes
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First raided along the eastern coast of Britain, then establishing outposts, and finally conquering much of the country?
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Angles and Saxons
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songs
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lays
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minstrel who sang songs at feasts
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gleeman
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wine made from fermented honey
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mead
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lyre
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harp
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Anglo-Saxon class of warriors
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earls
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Anglo-Saxon class of freemen
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churls
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Anglo-Saxon class of slaves
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thralls
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council of wise elders to the king
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Witenagemot
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"man-money"
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wergild
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"fate"
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Wyrd
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god of war
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Tiu
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king of the gods
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Woden
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god of thunder and the sky
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Thor
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goddess of the home
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Freia
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Converted Ireland to Christianity?
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St. Patrick
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Sent by Pope Gregory the Great in AD 597 to convert King Ethelbert of Kent?
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Augustine
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centers of religious retreat and learning
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monasteries
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Produced books by hand, writing on vellum parchment made of calves' or sheep's skin?
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scribes
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Invaded Anglo-Saxon England?
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Danes
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The Danes conquered what three major Anglo-Saxon kingdoms?
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Northumbria, Mercia, and East Anglia
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Ruler of Wessex?
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Alfred the Great
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Fourth major Anglo-Saxon kingdom?
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Wessex
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"King of Britain"
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bretwalda
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Treaty confining the Danes to an area of northern and eastern England?
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Danelaw
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traveling troupes of actors
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guilds
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told fantastic stories from the lives of saints
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miracle plays
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told stories from the Bible
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mystery plays
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told stories about virtues and vices through characters with names like "Good Deeds" and "Sloth"
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morality plays
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Included an Introduction, Rising Action, Crisis, Falling Action, and Resolution
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five-act play
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have happy endings
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comedies
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have unhappy endings
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tragedies
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main character
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protagonist
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the protagonist's major failing
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tragic flaw
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plays about events from the past
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histories
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plays that contained highly fantastic elements such as fairies and magical spells
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romances
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short plays
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interludes
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elaborate entertainments that featured acting, music, and dance
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masques
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Playhouse in which William Shakespeare was a shareholder
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the Globe Theater
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unrhymed iambic pentameter
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blank verse
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Themes of Anglo-Saxon Period?
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The Treatment of Outcasts and Heroes Versus Monsters
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Theme of Medieval Period?
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Memento Mori
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Themes of English Renaissance?
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Idealization of Love in Renaissance Poetry and Unrequited Love In Renaissance English Poetry
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Relates to the process by which Christian missionaries converted the Anglo-Saxon kings
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"The Conversion of King Edwin"
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An excellent example of an early miracle tale of the kind usually found in saints' lives
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"The Story of Caedmon"
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Debated whether it contains secular themes or whether it explores Christian themes
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"The Wife's Lament"
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Riddles that show an interesting combination of light-hearted word play and a grim worldview
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"Anglo-Saxon Riddles"
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Was composed in the traditional Anglo-Saxon verse form and was chanted by the gleeman to the music of a harp
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"Beowulf"
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A perfect example of a popular English folk ballad
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"Sir Patrick Spens"
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Included religious lyrics that dwelt on the fear of death and the contemplation of heaven
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"Ubi Sunt Qui ante Nos Fuerunt"
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Religious lyric that celebrates the Virgin Mary
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"I Sing of a Maiden"
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Only story of its time that interweaves two common plot devices- the beheading contest and the moral temptation of a knight by a lady
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"Sir Gawain and the Green Knight"
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Is the most complete and engaging retelling of the Arthurian legend
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Le Morte d' Arthur
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Introduces a diverse group of characters, including the narrator
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"The Prologue"
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The pardoner explains how he preaches against greed
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"The Pardoner's Prologue"
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Consists primarily of tales the characters share with each other to pass the time during their pilgrimage to Canterbury
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"The Canterbury Tales"
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Considered the finest known medieval morality play because of its lofty poetry, its unity, its consistent and clear allegorical message, and its engaging theatricality
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"Everyman"
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A mock epic in which a deranged gentleman, having spent too much time reading romances about the adventures of knights in shining armor, decides to enter upon a life as a knight, enlisting as his unwilling companion a servant named Sancho Panza
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"Don Quixote"
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A superb example of a Petrarchan sonnet, both technically and thematically
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"Whoso List to Hunt"
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Is part of the sonnet cycle Astrophil and Stella, which generally follows the sonnet conventions established by Petrarch
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"With how sad steps"
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A long, epic romance dedicated to Queen Elizabeth
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"The Faerie Queen"
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A plea from the speaker to his beloved
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"The Passionate Shepherd to His Love"
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A mirror image of Marlowe's poem that makes many references to nature; and has the same rhyme scheme and meter of Marlowe's poem
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"The Nymph's Reply to the Shepherd"
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Concerns the queen's suspicion of her Roman Catholic cousin Mary Stuart, Queen of Scotland, who sought refuge in England from rebellious subjects
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"The Doubt of Future Foes"
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Poem that is addressed to a woman who has hurt the speaker deeply
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"When Thou Must Home to Shades of Underground"
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Tries to advise the young man about making choices in life
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"Sonnet 18"
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Addressed to a mysterious woman, who is often referred to as the "dark lady"
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"Sonnet 130"
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A lyric poem honoring a goddess-like and unattainable woman
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"Song, to Celia"
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Tells about the balance of give and take in the lives of human beings and suggests that every human activity has its proper season, or time
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"King James Bible"
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animals are used as characters to tell morals
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beast fable
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an allegory in which characters display moral questions
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exemplum
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folk version of metrical romance
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fabliaux
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filled with adventure, love, and magic
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metrical romance
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satirical use of epic form to portray insignificant characters
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mock epic
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Order of rulers during Renaissance
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1. Henry VII
2. Henry VIII 3. Edward VI 4. Mary Tudor 5. Elizabeth I 6. James I 7. Charles I |
