English 1 Preap

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FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE

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LANGUAGE THAT IS USED FOR DESCRIPTIVE EFFECT, OFTEN TO IMPLY, IDEAS INDIRECTLY

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SIMILE

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A COMPARISON OF TWO THINGS USING "LIKE" OR "AS"

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METAPHOR

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COMPARISON OF TWO THINGS NOT USING LIKE OR AS; TO SAY THE ITEM IS SOMETHING

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PERSONIFICATION

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GIVING HUMAN QUALITIES OR ABILITIES TO SOME NON-HUMAN OBJECT

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EXPOSITION

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THE BEGINNING OF A STORY THAT INCLUDES THE SETTIN,CHARACTERS, AND BACKGROUND INFORMATION

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SETTING

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THE TIME, DATE, AND PLACE OF THE STORY'S ACTION THAT INCLUDES IDEAS, CUSTOMS, VALUES, AND BELIEFS

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CHARACTERS

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THE ACTORS IN A STORY'S PLOT. THEY CAN BE PEOPLE, ANIMALS, OR WHATEVER THE WRITER CHOOSES

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CONFLICT

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A STRUGGLE BETWEEN OPPOSING FORCES

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EXTERNAL CONFLICT

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ONE BETWEEN A CHARACTER AND AN OUTSIDE FORCE, SUCH AS ANOTHER CHARACTER, NATURE, SOCIETY, OR FATE

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INTERNAL CONFLICT

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TAKES PLACE WITHIN THE MIND OF A CHARACTER WHO IS TORN BETWEEN OPPOSING FEELINGS OR BETWEEN DIFFERENT COURSES OF ACTION

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RISING ACTION

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OCCURS AS COMPLICATIONS, TWISTS, OR INTENSIFICATIONS OF THE CONFLICT OCCUR

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CLIMAX

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THE EMOTIONAL HIGH POINT (TURNING POINT) OF THE STORY

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FALLING ACTION

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THE LOGICAL RESULT OF THE CLIMAX

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RESOLUTION

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PRESENTS THE FINAL OUTCOME OF THE STORY

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PROTAGONIST

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THE MAIN CHARACTER

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ANTAGONIST

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A CHARACTER IN CONFLICT WITH THE MAIN CHARACTER. NOT ALL STORIES HAVE ANTAGONISTS

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FLAT CHARACTER

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REVEAL JUST ONE PERSONALITY TRAIT

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ROUND CHARACTER

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CHARACTERS THAT SHOW VARIED AND SOMETIMES CONTRADICTORT TRAITS

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POINT-OF-VIEW

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WHO IS TELLING THE STORY

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FIRST PERSON POINT OF VIEW

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NARRATOR IS A CHARACTER IN STORY REFERRED TO AS " I "

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THIRD PERSON POINT OF VIEW

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THE NARRATOR REVEALS THE THOUGHTS OF ONLY ONE CHARACTER, REFERRING TO THAT CHARACTER AS "HE" OR "SHE"

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THIRD PERSON OMNISCIENT POINT OF VIEW

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THE NARRATOR KNOWS EVERYTHING ABOUT THE STORY'S EVENTS AND REVEALS THE THOUGHTS OF ALL THE CHARACTERS

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THEME

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THE CENTRAL OR MAIN IDEAS OR MESSAGE OF A STORY OFTEN A PERCEPTION ABOUT LIFE OR HUMAN NATURE

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STATED THEMES

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DIRECTLY PRESENTED IN A STORY

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IMPLIED THEMES

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MUST BE INFERRED BY CONSIDERING ALL THE ELEMENTS OF A STORY AND ASKING WHAT MESSAGE ABOUT LIFE IS CONVEYED

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PLOT

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THE SEQUENCE OF EVENTS IN A STORY. EACH EVENT CAUSES OR LEADS TO THE NEXT

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FLASHBACK

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A LITERARY DEVICE IN WHICH AN EARLIER EPISODE, CONVERSATION, OR EVENT IS INSERTED INTO THE CHRONOLOGICAL SEQUENCE OF A NARRATIVE

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MOOD

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THE FEELING OR ATMOSPHERE THAT AN AUTHOR CREATES IN A LITERARY WORK

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DIALECT

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A VARIATION OF A STANDARD LANGUAGE

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DIALOGUE

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THE CONVERSATION BETWEEN CHARACTERS IN A STORY

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IRONY

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A CONTRAST BETWEEN REALITY AND APPEARANCE

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SITUATIONS IRONY

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WHEN THE ACTUAL OUTCOME OF A SITUATION IS THE OPPOSITE OF THE EXPECTED OUTCOME

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DRAMATIC IRONY

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EXISTS WHEN THE READER KNOWS SOMETHING THAT A CHARACTER DOES NOT KNOW

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ORAL TRADITION

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THE PASSING OF SONGS, STORIES, AND POEMS FROM GENERATION TO GENERATION BY WORD OF MOUTH

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PETRARCHAN SONNET

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NAMED FOR THE ITALIAN POET FRANCESCO PETRARCA WHO WROTE SONNETS ABOUT HIS BELOVED LAURA. HAS NO MORE THAN FIVE RHYMES USUALLY IS WRITTEN IN IAMBIC PENTAMETER, AND FOLLOW A TRADITIONAL RHYME SCHEME

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POETRY

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ONE OF THE THREE MAJOR TYPES OF LITERATURE

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PROSE

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THE ORDINARY FORM OF WRITTEN LANGUAGE

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QUATRAIN

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A FOUR-LINE POEM OR A STANZA WITH FOUR LINES

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REFRAIN

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A REGULARY REPEATED LINE OR GROUP OF LINES IN A POEM OR SONG

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REPETITION

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THE USE MORE THAN ONCE OF ANY ELEMENT OR LANGUAGE-- A SOUND, A WORK, A PHRASE, A CLAUSE,A SENTENCE, OR A RHYTHMICAL OR GRAMMATICAL PATTERN

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RHYME

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THE REPETITION OF SOUNDS AT THE ENDS OF WORDS

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RHYME SCHEME

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A REGULAR PATTERN OF RHYMING WORDS IN A POEM

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RHYTHM

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THE PATTERN OF BEATS OR STRESSES IN SPOKEN OR WRITTEN LANGUAGE

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RUN-ON LINE

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ONE THAT DOES NOT END WITH A PAUSE. THE IDEA IS CONTINUED ON THE NEXT LINE.

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SHAKESPEAREAN SONNET

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A FOURTEEN-LINE LYRIC POEM USUALLY WRITTEN IN IAMBIC PENTAMETER. CONTAINS THREE QUATRAINS AND A COUPLET

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SONNET

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A FOURTEEN LINE LYRIC POEM FOCUSED ON A SINGLE TEM

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SPEAKER

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THE IMAGINARY VOICE ASSUMED BY THE WRITER OF A POEM

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STANZA

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A GROUP OF LINES IN POEM, CONSIDERED AS A UNIT. ARE SOMETIMES DIVIDED BY SPACE AND FUNCTION JUST AS A PARAGRAPH DOES IN PROSE

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DENOTATION

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STRICT DICTIONARY MEANING OF A WORD

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CONNOTATION

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EMOTIONAL AND IMAGINATIVE ASSOCIATION SURROUNDING A WORD

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TONE

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THE AUTHOR'S ATTITUDE TOWARD HIS SUBJECT

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PERSONA

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PERSON CREATED BY THE AUTHOR TO TELL A STORY