Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Energy:
|
capacity to do work
|
|
|
1st Law of Thermodynamics
|
Energy can neither be created or destroyed.
|
|
|
Energy measures?
|
Calorie: energy to raise temp of 1g of water from 14.5 C to 15.5 C.
Joule: energy used when 1g is moved 1m by the force of 1N. 1 calorie = 4.184 joules 1 MJ = 239 calories |
|
|
Ways to measure Energy?
|
Bomb calorimeter.
Research others. |
|
|
TEE?
|
Total Energy Expenditure:
BMR (60-75%)-vital functions e.g. electrochemical gradient, cell turnover. PA (10-40%, upto 70%)-muscular work Thermogenesis (10-20%)-metabolizing food,climate. |
|
|
Energy used for?
|
Growth:children-infants use up to 1/3 energy for growth, 4% after 1 year.
Pregnant women: small amount needed |
|
|
Positive energy balance:
|
Intake>Output.
Desirable during growth, pregnancy, lactation, but fat stores in long term. |
|
|
Negative energy balance:
|
Intake<Output.
Medium term=loss of fat stores. Long term=protein used=health problems. |
|
|
Energy Requirements varies:
|
Body size
Age (more difficult to maintain energy balance) PA Preg/lact Disease |
|
|
EE measurements:
|
Calorimetry-metabolic chamber
Indirect calorimetry-02/C02 Doubly labelled water-GOLD! |
|
|
E intake:
|
assumes data is accurate (?)
|
|
|
PA ratios:
|
1.2: reading, TV
1.6:office work, driving 2.1:housework 3.7:gardening,golf 6.9:jogging,cycling,football |
