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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Follicle stimulating hormone stimulates the granulosa cells of the follicle to secrete estrogen. TRUE/FALSE
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TRUE
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Neonates that are kept in 100% O2 incubators for several days become blind when they are removed from the incubator. What is this condition, and what causes it?
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Too much O2 in the incubator stops the growth of new blood vessels in the retina. When O2 therapy is stopped, an overgrowth of blood vessels occurs, with a great mass of vessels growing all through the vitreous humor. later, the vessels are replaced by a mass of fibrous tissue, resulting in permanent blindness. The condition is called retrolental fibroplasia.
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Does insulin employ the usual 2nd messenger transport system?
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Peptide hormones generally produce biological effects by binding to receptors on the cell membrane. In turn, the cytoplasmic generation of 2nd messengers, mediates the hormonal response. Many hormones use the adenylyl cyclase-cAMP and the phospholipase C second messenger systems to produce alterations in target tissue activity. Although insulin binds to surface receptors in the production of biological effects, it does not work through either of these two 2nd messenger systems.
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HCG is secreted from the trophoblast cells beginning shortly endometerium. TRUE/FALSE
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TRUE.
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What is the result if an infant is born to an untreated mother with diabetes?
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This infant may have considerable hypertrophy and hyperfunction of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas. Consequently, the infants blood glucose concentration may fall to lower than 20mg/dl shortly after birth.
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What is acromegaly?
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Excess growth hormone, and is usually associated with a pituitary tumor. Increased plasma levels of GH stimulate the liver and other tissues to produce somatomedin C. As a result of feedback, increased plasma levels of somatomedin C cause the hypothalmus to increase the secretion of GH-inhibiting hormone, somatostatin. Elevated levels of GH tend to augment plasma glucose concentration which favors insulin secretion.
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What is the relationship between sperm motility and pH?
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Sperm cell motility decreases as pH is reduced below 6.8. At a pH of 4.5, motility is significantly reduced. However, the buffering effect of NaHCO3 in the prostatic fluid raises the pH somewhat, allowing sperm cells to regain some mobility.
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Growth hormone and cortisol have opposite effects on protein synthesis in muscle. TRUE/FALSE
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TRUE. GH is anabolic and promotes protein synthesis in most cells of the body, whereas cortisol decreases protein sysnthesis in extrahepatic cells, including muscle. Both hormones impair glucose uptake in peripheral tissues and therefore tend to increase plasma glucose concentration. Both also mobilize triglycerides from fat stores.
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What is the relationship between a mothers iron level and her infant/
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If the mother has had adequate amounts of iron in her diet, the infants liver usually has enough stored iron to form blood cells for 4-6 months after birth. If the mother has had insufficient iron, the infant may develop severe anemia after about 3 months of life.
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In a radioimmunoassy, the displacement of a high percentage of radioactivity from the antibody by a plasma sample indicates what
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High levels of the measured hormone in the sample. In a radioimmunoassay, there is too little antibody to completely bind the radioactively tagged hormone and the hormone in the fluid to be assayed. Thus, there is competition between the labeled and the endogenous hormone for binding sites on the antibody. Increased amounts of endogenous hormone in a plasma sample would displace radioactively labeled hormone from the antibody.
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