Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What is the relationship between kidney conc of urine in an adult as opposed to a neonate?
|
Functional development of the kidneys is not complete until about the end of the first month of life. The kidneys of a neonate can concentrate urine to only about 1.5 times the osmolality of plasma(in contrast to 3-4 times plasma osmolality in an adult).
|
|
|
The concentration of parathyroid hormone strongly regulates the absorption of calcium ion from the renal tubular fluid. TRUE/FALSE
|
TRUE. A reduction in hormone concentration reduces calcium reabsorption and increases the rate of calcium excretion in the urine.
|
|
|
What is the relationship between ACTH and hyperpigmentation?
|
Because ACTH or fragments of its prohormone stimulate the formation of melanin by melanocytes in the skin, hyperpigmentation is commonly observed in patients with pituitary tumors secreting large amounts of ACTH. Increased levels of ACTH result in greater cortisol production, which results in increased blood glucose concentration. However ACTH levels may be low because of feedback, and hyperpigmentation may be absent as well.
|
|
|
Hemorrhage decreases the activation of stretch receptors in the atria and arterial baroreceptors. TRUE/FALSE
|
TRUE. Decreased activation of these receptors increases ADH secretion.
|
|
|
What happens when propylthiouracil is given to a normal individual?
|
Propylthiouracil blocks several of the early steps in the synthesis of thyroid hormones but does not prevent the formation of thyroglobulin in follicular cells. If given to a normal person, plasma levels of T4 would fall, and decreased feedback inhibition would lead to an increase in TSH secretion. High plasma levels of TSH would cause hypertrophy of the thyroid gland, even though the production of thyroid hormones is depressed.
|
|
|
Insulin inhibits hormone sensitive lipase, which decreases hydrolysis of triglycerides in fat cells. TRUE/FALSE
|
TRUE.
|
|
|
What is the relationship between protein bound hormone and hormone activity?
|
Protein bound hormones are biologically inactive and cannot be metabolized. An increase in binding would tend to decrease hormone hormone activity and plasma clearance and increase the half-life of the hormone. Free hormone is also responsible for for negative feedback inhibition of hormone secretion. protein binding of hormone does however, provide a reservoir for the rapid replacement of free hormone.
|
|
|
because the liver functions imperfectly during the first weeks of life, the glucose concentration in the blood is unstable and falls to very low levels within a few hours after feeding. TRUE/FALSE
|
TRUE.
|
|
|
Is progesterone required to maintain the decidual cells of the endometerium?
|
Yes. If progesterone levels fall, as they do during the last days of a nonpregnant menstrual cycle, menstruation will follow within a few days, with loss of pregnancy. Administration of a compound that blocks the progesterone receptor during the first few days after conception will terminate the pregnancy.
|
|
|
Will the administration of parathyroid hormone cause a rapid loss of phosphates in the urine?
|
Yes, owing to the hormones ability to diminish proximal tubular reabsorption of phosphate ions.
|
