Endocrinology System - Lom Chapter 18

Front 1

follicle-stimulating hormone is produced by the

Back 1

anterior lobe of the pituitary gland

Front 2

vasopressin is produced by the

Back 2

posterior lobe of the pituitary gland

Front 3

aldosterone is produced by the

Back 3

adrenal cortex

Front 4

insulin is produced by the

Back 4

islet cells of the pancreas

Front 5

thyroxine is produced by the

Back 5

thyroid gland

Front 6

cortisol is produced by the

Back 6

adrenal cortex

Front 7

gonadotropic hormones (FSH and LH) are produced by the

Back 7

anterior lobe of the pituitary

Front 8

epinephrine is produced by the

Back 8

adrenal medulla

Front 9

oxytocin is produced by the

Back 9

posterior lobe of the pituitary gland

Front 10

prolactin is produced by the

Back 10

anterior lobe of the pituitary gland

Front 11

growth hormone is produced by the

Back 11

anterior lobe of the pituitary gland

Front 12

glucagon is produced by the

Back 12

islets of Langerhans in the pancreas

Front 13

adrenocorticotropic hormone is produced by the

Back 13

anterior lobe of the pituitary gland

Front 14

estradiol is produced by the

Back 14

ovaries

Front 15

progesterone is produced by the

Back 15

ovaries

Front 16

testosterone is produced by the

Back 16

testes

Front 17

melanocyte-stimulating hormone is produced by the

Back 17

anterior lobe of the pituitary gland

Front 18

another name for the anterior pituitary gland is the

Back 18

adenohypophysis

Front 19

another name for the posterior pituitary gland is the

Back 19

neurohypophysis

Front 20

Cushing syndrome is caused by ___secretion ¬of ___in the ___

Back 20

hypersecretion, cortisol, adrenal cortex; also tumor of the pituitary gland

Front 21

Graves disease is caused by ___secretion ¬of ___in the ___

Back 21

hypersecretion of thyroxine in the thyroid gland

Front 22

diabetes insipidus is caused by ___secretion ¬of ___in the ___

Back 22

hyposecretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) in the posterior pituitary gland

Front 23

acromegaly is caused by ___secretion ¬of ___in the ___

Back 23

hypersecretion of growth hormone in the anterior pituitary gland

Front 24

myxedema is caused by ___secretion ¬of ___in the ___

Back 24

hyposecretion of thyroxine in the thyroid

Front 25

osteitis fibrosa cystica is caused by ___secretion ¬of ___in the ___

Back 25

hypersecretion of parathyroid hormone in the parathyroid gland

Front 26

diabetes mellitus is caused by ___secretion ¬of ___in the ___

Back 26

hyposecretion of insulin in the pancreas

Front 27

Addison disease is caused by ___secretion ¬of ___in the ___

Back 27

hyposecretion of aldosterone and cortisol in the adrenal cortex

Front 28

gigantism is caused by ___secretion ¬of ___in the ___

Back 28

hypersecretion of growth hormone in the anterior pituitary gland

Front 29

endemic goiter is caused by ___secretion ¬of ___in the ___

Back 29

hyposecretion of thyroxine in the thyroid

Front 30

cretinism (lack of hormone to fetus) is caused by ___secretion ¬of ___in the ___

Back 30

hyposecretion of thyroxine in the thyroid of a pregnant woman, causing cretinism in the child if untreated

Front 31

pheochromocytoma is caused by ___secretion ¬of ___in the ___

Back 31

hypersecretion of catecholamines in the adrenal medulla (high blood pressure)

Front 32

abnormal condition (poison) of the thyroid gland

Back 32

thyrotoxicosis

Front 33

removal of the pancreas

Back 33

pancreatectomy

Front 34

condition of deficiency or underdevelopment of the sex organs

Back 34

hypogonadism

Front 35

pertaining to producing female (characteristics)

Back 35

estrogenic

Front 36

complex substances derived from cholesterol – hormones from the adrenal cortex and sex hormones

Back 36

steroids

Front 37

complex substances derived from an amino acid – examples are epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine (noradrenaline)

Back 37

catecholamines

Front 38

continuous contraction of muscles associated with low levels of parathyroid hormone

Back 38

tetany

Front 39

eyeballs that bulge outward – associated with hyperthyroidism

Back 39

exophthalmos

Front 40

steroid hormones from the adrenal cortex (outer region of the adrenal gland) that influence the metabolism of salts (minerals such as sodium and potassium)

Back 40

mineralocorticoids

Front 41

a state of equilibrium in the body with respect to function, fluids, and times

Back 41

homeostasis

Front 42

a substance that mimics the action of the sympathetic nerves – epinephrine (adrenaline) is an example

Back 42

sympathomimetic

Front 43

steroid hormones from the adrenal cortex that influence sugar metabolism in the body

Back 43

glucocorticoids

Front 44

catecholamine hormone from the adrenal medulla – adrenaline

Back 44

epinephrine

Front 45

animal starch – storage form of glucose

Back 45

glycogen

Front 46

male hormone – testosterone is an example

Back 46

androgen

Front 47

hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex – cortisol is an example

Back 47

corticosteroid

Front 48

hormone from the posterior lobe of the pituitary that stimulates contraction of the uterus during labor

Back 48

oxytocin

Front 49

major hormone from the thyroid gland – thyroxine (contains four iodine atoms)

Back 49

tetraiodothyronine

Front 50

abnormal secretion of androgens from the adrenal cortex produces masculine characteristics in a female

Back 50

adrenal virilism

Front 51

cancerous tumor of the thyroid gland

Back 51

thyroid carcinoma

Front 52

excessive hair on the body (result of excessive secretion of androgens)

Back 52

hirsutism

Front 53

enlargement of extremities (excessive secretion of growth hormone after puberty)

Back 53

acromegaly

Front 54

female hormone – an estrogen

Back 54

estradiol

Front 55

destruction of beta islets of Langerhans – insulin is not produced

Back 55

type 1 or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)

Front 56

destruction of nerves as a secondary complication of diabetes mellitus

Back 56

diabetic neuropathy

Front 57

abnormal condition seen in diabetes of high levels of ketones (acids) in the blood as a result of improper burning of fats – fats are burned because the cells do not have sugar

Back 57

ketoacidosis

Front 58

available as a result of lack of insulin or inability of insulin to act

Back 58

ketoacidosis

Front 59

too little sugar in the blood – this can occur if too much insulin is taken by a diabetic patient

Back 59

hypoglycemia

Front 60

insulin deficiency and resistance by target tissue to the action of insulin

Back 60

type 2 diabetes (non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus – NIDDM)

Front 61

destruction of blood vessels in the retina as a secondary complication of diabetes mellitus

Back 61

diabetic retinopathy

Front 62

unconsciousness due to high levels of sugar in the blood – water leaves cells to balance the large amounts of sugar in the blood, leading to cellular dehydration

Back 62

diabetic coma

Front 63

destruction of the kidneys as a secondary complication of diabetes mellitus

Back 63

diabetic nephropathy

Front 64

collection of fatty plaque in arteries which often effects diabetics

Back 64

atherosclerosis

Front 65

high level of sugar in the blood – insulin is unavailable or unable to transport sugar from the blood into the cells

Back 65

hyperglycemia

Front 66

with this test, a radioactive compound is given, and the thyroid gland is pictured using a scanning device

Back 66

thyroid scan

Front 67

measurement of blood sugar levels in a fasting patient and after intervals of 0 minutes and 1, 2, and 3 hours following ingestion of glucose (glucose load)

Back 67

fasting blood sugar

Front 68

a test where hormone levels are measured by using antibodies, non-radioactively labeled hormone, and radioactively labeled hormone

Back 68

radioimmunoassay (RIA)

Front 69

measurement of eyeball protrusion (symptom of Graves disease)

Back 69

exophthalmometry