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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is prime fnx of endocrine system?
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Communicate with systems of CNS in external/internal evnvironment
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What are the distinct signals for NS?
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Action Potentials (mostly electrical in nature)
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What are the "distinct" signals for Endocrine Sys?
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Recognition of chemical substances (hormones) to activate.
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NS - Basics fnx
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Signals arise locally- trx from cell to cell along nerve fibre.
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ES Basics
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Collection of scattered glands
produces and secretes hormones that act at site removed from site of production. |
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What responds slowly to changes in environment?
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Endocrine System
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What body fxn's are affected by ES?
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Growth
metabolism reproduction |
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How does ES affect body fxn's?
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Action of chemical mediators (aka hormones)
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What is a hormone?
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Molecules( chemicals) that belong to various chemical groups.
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What are secretions?
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substances produced in a cell and transported out of cell by exocytosis.
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What is a hormone?
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molecules or (chemicals) that belong to various chemical groups.
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What is Secretion?
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is the active process in which a substance produced by a cell is transported into the extracellular space
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What is the difference btw exocrine and endocrine glands?
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exocrine have ducts, secrete their products on body surfaces or cavities
endocrine- ductless, secrete into extracellular space and then into blood stream or lymphatic fluid. |
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Do endocrine glands have ducts?
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No- ductless
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do exocrine glands have ducts?
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Yes
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what gland secretes their products onto body surfaces?
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exocrine glands
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what gland secrete their products into the extracellular space
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Endocrine Glands
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After excreting into the extracellular space where does it go?
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Blood stream or the lymphatic fluid
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what is glandular tissue?
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located within other organ structures
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name the glands in the endocrine structure
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pituitary,pineal,thyroid,parathyroid,thymus, adrenal
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what are the two types of glandular tissue?
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major and minor
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Major Glandular Tissue includes:
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Pancreas (alpha and beta cells)
ovaries and testes hypothalamus |
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Minor Glandular tissue includes:
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stomach
kidneys heart |
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hypothalamus is what type of gland?
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neuroendocrine gland- which is part of diencephalon
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where is the pineal gland located?
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hangs from roof of third ventricle (diencephalon)
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what does the pineal gland secrete?
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melatonin
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what regulates our sleep cycles otherwise known as circadian rhythm or biological clocks?
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melatonin
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when are levels of melatonin highest?
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night
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does the hypothalamus have melatonin receptors?
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Yes
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what other name does the pituitary gland go by?
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hypophysis
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define the pituitary gland
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major endocrine gland located in the sella turcica of the sphenoid bone which is attached to the hypothalamus,
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which bone is attached to the hypothalamus?
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sphenoid
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what two hormones does the pituitary gland secrete?
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tropic
somatic |
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what hormone activates other glands?
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tropic
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what hormone activates various mechanisms in different body cells?
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somatic
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how many lobes does the pituitary gland have?
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2
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name the two lobes of the pituitary gland?
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anterior pituitary
posterior pituitary |
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what is the other name for "anterior pituitary gland"?
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adenohypophysis
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what does "adeno" mean?
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gland
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what does anterior pituit secrete?
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6 different hormones- (4 tropic, 2 somatic)
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posterior pituitary is also called
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neurohypophysis
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how many hormones does posterior pituitary secrete?
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2 somatic hormones
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by what structure is the hypothalamus and pituitary intimately linked?
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"infundibulum" (stalk)
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the neurons in the hypothalamus secrete how many hormones?
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2 ( somatic)
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