Endocrine System Part 2

Front 1

anterior pituitary (AP) hormones are stimulated by?

Back 1

stimulating hormones and inhibited by

Hint 1

inhibiting hormones

Front 2

AP hormones that act on other endocrine systems are?

Back 2

tropic hormones

Front 3

hypothalamic homones are made by what type of cells?

Back 3

neurosecretory cells
and are transported by?

Hint 3

hypophyseal potal system

Front 4

Anterior Petuitary is also called

Back 4

adenohypophisis

Front 5

the pituitary gland is controlled by the?

Back 5

hypothalamus
and is linked by the

Hint 5

infundibulum

Front 6

what links the nervous and endocrine systems together?

Back 6

hypothalamus

Front 7

5 types of cells fond in the AP?

Back 7

somatotroph
thyrotroph
gonadotroph
lactotroph
corticotroph
( So They Got Laced Corn-trophs in the AP)

Front 8

somatotrophs secrete?

Back 8

human growth hormone- hGH
which is?

Hint 8

Insulin like hormone (IGFs) that regulates metabolism

Front 9

thyrotrophs secrete?

Back 9

thyroid stimulating hormone-
TSH
which controls?

Hint 9

secretion of thyroid gland

Front 10

gonadotrophs secrete?

Back 10

follicle-stimulating hormone-
FSH
&
Leutinizing hormone- LH
which?

Hint 10

stimulates estrogen and progesterone
maturation of oocytes in ovaries and stimulates sperm production and testosterone in testes

Front 11

lactotrophs secrete?

Back 11

prolactin- PRL
which?

Hint 11

stimulates milk in mams

Front 12

corticotrophs secrete?

Back 12

adrenocorticotropic- ACTH
(or corticotropin) &
melanocyte-stimulating hormone
which?

Hint 12

ACTH stimulates adrenal cortex to secrete glucorticoids like cortisol
MSH unknown in humans

Front 13

posterior pituitary (PP) is also called?

Back 13

nuerohypophysis

Front 14

what is the function of the PP?

Back 14

to store and release hormones made by the hypothalamus.
these 2 hormones are?

Hint 14

oxytocin- OT
antidiuretic- ADH

Front 15

what hormone affects the uterus and breasts during and after delivery, enhances smooth muscle contraction in the wall of the uterus (positive feedback) and stimulates milk ejection?

Back 15

oxytocin- OT
which is produced by the hypothalamus and stored and released by the?

Hint 15

Posterior pituitary gland

Front 16

what hormone decreases urine production by causing the kidneys to return more water to the blood?

Back 16

antidiuretic- ADH
which is produced by the hypothalamus and stored and released by the?

Hint 16

PP

Front 17

what hormone decreases water loss through sweating and constriction of aterioles which increase blood pressure?

Back 17

ADH

Front 18

what hormone is a major regulator of calcium, magnesium, and phosphate ions in the blood?

Back 18

parathyroid hormone- PTH

Front 19

which hormone increases number and activity of osteoclasts elevating bone resorption?

Back 19

parathyroid hormone- PTH

Front 20

blood calcium level directly controls secretion of both calcitronin and PTH via?

Back 20

negative feedback system

Front 21

the follicular cells of the thyroid produce what 2 hormones?

Back 21

thyroxin-T4 and T3 also known as?

Hint 21

thyroid hormones

Front 22

parafolicular cells or C cells of the thyroid produce the hormone?

Back 22

calicitronin,
which helps regulate?

Hint 22

calcium homeostasis

Front 23

parathyroid cheif cells produce?

Back 23

PTH

Front 24

the 2 structurally and functionally distinct regions of the adrenal glands are?

Back 24

Adrenal cortex and adrenal medulla

Front 25

the adrenal cortex secretes what 3 hormones?

Back 25

mineralcorticoids, glucocorticoids, and androgens? These hormones do what?

Hint 25

mineralcorticoids affect mineral homeostasis;
glucorticoids affect glucose homeostasis;
androgens have masculating effects (DHEA only women)

Front 26

the adrenal medulla secretes what 2 homones?

Back 26

epinepherine and norepinepherine. it also intensifies?

Hint 26

sympathetic responses.

Front 27

a major mineralcorticoid is?

Back 27

aldosterone

Front 28

the glucocorticoids which regulate metabolism and resistance to stress include?

Back 28

corstisol, corticosterone, and cortisone

Front 29

pancreatic islets (PI) are what types of gland?

Back 29

exocrine and endocrine glands.
roughly 99% of cells produce what?

Hint 29

digestive enzymes

Front 30

what are the cell types in the Pancreatic islets?

Back 30

alpha- A cells
beta- B cells
delta- D cells
F cells

Front 31

A cells secrete?

Back 31

glucagon, which?

Hint 31

raises blood sugar

Front 32

B cells secrete?

Back 32

insulin, which?

Hint 32

lowers blood sugar

Front 33

D cells secrete?

Back 33

somatastotin, which?

Hint 33

inhibits both isulin and glucagon

Front 34

F cells secrete?

Back 34

pancreatic polypeptide, which?

Hint 34

inhibits somatostatin,
gallbladder contraction,
and secretion of pancreatic digestive enzymes

Front 35

gonads produce?

Back 35

gametes and hormones

Front 36

ovaries produce?

Back 36

2 estrogens; estradiol and estrone, and progesterone.
These female sex hormones along with FSH and LH from the AP?

Hint 36

regulate the menstral cycle, maintain pregnancy, prepare mams for lactation, & maintains female secondary sex characteristics

Front 37

ovaries also produce inhibin which a protien hormone that inhibits?

Back 37

secretion of FSH

Front 38

the testes produce?

Back 38

testosterone, which?

Hint 38

regulates sperm production and maintains male secondary sex characteristics
(inhibin inhibits FSH)

Front 39

the pineal gland is an endocrine gland that is part of the?

Back 39

epithalimus. the gland consists of neuralgia and secretory cells called?

Hint 39

pinealocytes

Front 40

the pineal gland secretes?

Back 40

melatonin;
an amine homone derived from serotonin that apears to contribute to?

Hint 40

the setting of the biological clock.
thought to produce sleepiness (more melatonin at night)

Front 41

the thymus produces?

Back 41

thymosin, thymic humoral factor (THF), thymic factor (TF), and thymopoietin;
all involved in?

Hint 41

T cell maturation

Front 42

prolonged exposure to cortisol, due to stress can cause?

Back 42

wasting of muscles, suppresion of immune system, ulcer, failure of pancreatic B cells (insulin)