Endocrine System (Fill In)

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The products of the encocrine glands are

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hormones

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Steroid hormones are lipid molecules synthesized from

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cholesterol

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All hormones are transported in the body by the

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blood

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Estrogen, progesterone, and cortisol are examples of

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steroid hormones

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When nonsteroid hormones interat with cells they may affect the activity of an enzyme called

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adenyl cyclase

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The pituitary gland lies in the saddle of a sphenoid bone called the

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sella turcica

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The hormones released by the posterior pituitary gland are produced by a portion of the brain called the

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hypothalamus

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Another name ofr the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland is

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adenohypophysis

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Oversecretion of the human growth hormone during childhood results in

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gigantism

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The thyroid gland is located in the tissues of the

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neck

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In order to produce thyroxin, the diet must contain

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iodine

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Insufficient secretion of thyroxin in infants and children can result in a disease called

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cretinism

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An excess of thyroxin can result in a condition known as

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Grave's disease

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The hormone TSH is secreted by the pituitary gland and has an effect on the

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thyroid gland

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The hormone that acts on the mammary glands and stimulates the production of milk is called

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prolactin

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One hormone of the posterior pituitary gland acts on the kidney tubules and is called

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antidiuretic hormone

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The hormone whose target tissue is the uterus where it induces contractions is called

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oxytocin

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In absence of dietary iodine, the ghyroid gland swells and produces a condition called

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goiter

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The parathyroid glands are located on the posterior surface of the

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thyroid gland

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Parathyroid hormone secreted by the parathyroid glands regulates the body's level of

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calcium

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The calcium-regulating hormone of the thyroid gland is called

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calcitonin

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The large glandular organ of the abdominal cavity beneath the stomach is the

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pancreas

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Diabetes mellitus is a condition in which the pancreas produces an insufficient supply of

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insulin

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Insulin promotes cell uptake of

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glucose

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When a person has not eaten, the pancreas produces the hormone

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glucagon

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Insulin is produced by cells of the pancreas known as

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beta cells

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The adrenal glands may be found on the superior borders of the

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kidneys

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The outer tissue of the adrenal gland is known as the

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cortex

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Aldosterone is an example of adrenal hormones called

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mineralocorticoids

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The metabolism of carbohydrates, protein, and fats is regulated by hormones of the adrenal glands called

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glucocorticoids

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The activity of the adrenal is regulated by an anterior pituitary hormone abbreviated as

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ACTH

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An insufficient secretion of hormones from the adrenal cortex may result in the disease called

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Addison's disease

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Another name for the parathyroid hormone is

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parathormone

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The hormone insulin is composed exclusively of

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protein

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The function of the hormone glucagon is to stimulate the breakdown of the carbohydrate

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glycogen

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The innner tissue of the adrenal gland is called the

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medulla

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The concentration of electrolytes in the body is regulated by the adrenal hormones called

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mineralocorticoids

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An important hormone of the adrenal medulla which functions in the "fight or flight" response is called

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epinephrine

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Oversecretion of hormones from the adrenal cortex can result in

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Cushing's syndrome

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The corpus luteum of a woman secretes the hormone

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progesterone

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The small endocrine gland located in the midbrain that secretes melatonin is the

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pineal gland

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The thymus gland plays an important role in the development of white blood cells called

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T-lymphocytes

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Numerous cells in various organs of the body secrete lipid hormones called

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prostaglandins

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The hormone erythropoetin functions during the maturation of

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red blood cells

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Hormones from the ovearies influence the secondary sex characteristics of the

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female

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The hormone that is believed to regulate matin behavior and day-night cycle is called

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melatonin

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Female sex hormones are known as

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estrogens

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The location of the pineal gland is within the

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brain

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The maturation and development of T-lymphocytes is regulated by hormones called

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thymosins

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The hormones gastrin and secretion function in the process of

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digestion