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99 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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FSH |
Follicle-stimulating hormone |
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What classification of hormone, based on chemical structure, is follicle-stimulating hormone? |
Peptide |
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Where does follicle-stimulating hormone originate from? |
Anterior pituitary |
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What is the action of follicle-stimulating hormone? |
Stimulates follicle maturation in females; spermatogenesis in males |
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LH |
Luteinizing hormone |
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Where does luteinizing hormone originate? |
Anterior pituitary |
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What classification of hormone, based on chemical structure, is luteinizing hormone? |
Peptide |
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What is the action of luteinizing hormone? |
Stimulates ovulation in females; testosterone synthesis in males |
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ACTH |
Adrenocorticotropic hormone |
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Where does adrenocorticotropic hormone originate? |
Anterior pituitary |
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What classification of hormone, based on chemical structure, is adrenocorticotropic hormone? |
Peptide |
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What is the action of adrenocorticotropic hormone? |
Stimulates the adrenal cortex to synthesize and secrete glucocorticoids |
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TSH |
Thyroid-stimulating hormone |
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Where does thyroid-stimulating hormone originate? |
Anterior pituitary |
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What classification of hormone, based on chemical structure, is thyroid-stimulating hormone? |
Peptide |
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What action does thyroid-stimulating hormone have? |
Stimulates the thyroid to produce thyroid hormones |
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Where does prolactin originate? |
Anterior pituitary |
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What classification of hormone, based on chemical structure, is prolactin? |
Peptide |
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What action does prolactin have? |
Stimulated milk production and secretion |
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Where do endorphins originate? |
Anterior pituitary |
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What classification of hormone, based on chemical structure, is endorphins? |
Peptide |
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What action do endorphins have? |
Decrease sensation of pain; can promote euphoria |
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GH |
Growth hormone |
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Where does growth hormone originate? |
Anterior pituitary |
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What classification of hormone, based on chemical structure, is growth hormone? |
Peptide |
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What action does growth hormone have? |
Stimulates bone and muscle growth; raises blood glucose levels |
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What are the hormones produced in the anterior pituitary? |
Follicle-stimulating hormone Luteinizing hormone Adrenocorticotropic hormone Thyroid-stimulating hormone Prolactin Endorphins Growth hormone |
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What are the tropic hormones of the anterior pituitary? |
Follicle-stimulating hormone Luteinizing hormone Adrenocorticotropic hormone Thyroid-stimulating hormone |
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What are the direct hormones of the anterior pituitary? |
Prolactin Endorphins Growth hormone |
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ADH; vasopressin |
Anti diuretic hormone |
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Where is anti diuretic hormone produced |
Hypothalamus (released by posterior pituitary) |
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What classification of hormone, based on chemical structure, is antidiuretic hormone? |
Peptide |
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What is the action of antidiuretic hormone? |
Stimulates water reabsorption in kidneys by increasing permeability of collecting duct. |
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Where is oxytocin produced? |
Hypothalamus (released by posterior pituitary) |
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What classification of hormone, based on chemical structure, is oxytocin? |
Peptide |
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What action does oxytocin have? |
Stimulates uterine contractions during labor and milk secretion during lactation; may promote bonding behavior. |
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T3 |
Triiodothyronine |
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T4 |
Thyroxine |
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Where are triiodothyronine and thyroxine produced? |
Thyroid (follicular cells) |
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What classification of hormone, based on chemical structure, are triiodothyronine and thyroxine? |
Amino acid-derivative |
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What action do triiodothyronine and thyroxine have? |
Stimulate metabolic activity |
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Where is calcitonin produced? |
Thyroid (parafollicular or C cells) |
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What classification of hormone, based on chemical structure, is calcitonin? |
Peptide |
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What action does calcitonin have? |
Decreases blood calcium concentrations |
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PTH |
Parathyroid hormone |
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Where is parathyroid hormone produced? |
Parathyroids |
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What classification of hormone, based on chemical structure, is parathyroid hormone? |
Peptide |
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What action does parathyroid hormone have? |
Increases blood calcium concentrations |
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What are the glucocorticoids? |
Cortisol Cortisone |
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Where are glucocorticoids produced? |
Adrenal cortex |
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What classification of hormone, based on chemical structure, are glucocorticoids? |
Steroid |
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What action do glucocorticoids have? |
Increase blood glucose concentrations; decrease protein synthesis; anti-inflammatory |
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Name of a mineralocorticoid? |
Aldosterone |
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Where are mineralocorticoids produced? |
Adrenal cortex |
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What classification of hormone, based on chemical structure, are mineralocorticoids? |
Steroid |
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What action do mineralocorticoids have? |
Increase water reabsorption in the kidneys by increasing sodium reabsorption; promote potassium and hydrogen ion excretion. |
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Where are epinephrine and norepinephrine produced? |
Adrenal medulla |
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What classification of hormone, based on chemical structure, are epinephrine and norepinephrine? |
Amino acid-derivative |
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What action do epinephrine and norepinephrine have? |
Increase blood glucose concentrations and heart rate; dilate bronchi; alter blood flow patterns |
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Where is glucagon produced? |
Pancreas (alpha cells) |
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What classification of hormone, based on chemical structure, is glucagon? |
Peptide |
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What action does glucagon have? |
Stimulates glycogen breakdown (glycogenolysis); increases blood glucose concentrations |
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Where is insulin produced? |
Pancreas (beta cells) |
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What classification of hormone, based on chemical structure, is insulin? |
Peptide |
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What action does insulin have? |
Lowers blood glucose concentrations and promotes anabolic processes |
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Where is somatostatin produced? |
Pancreas (delta cells) |
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What classification of hormone, based on chemical structure, is somatostatin? |
Peptide |
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What action does somatostatin have? |
Suppresses secretion of glucagon and insulin |
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Where is testosterone produced? |
Testis (and adrenal cortex) |
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What classification of hormone, based on chemical structure, is testosterone? |
Steroid |
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What action does testosterone have? |
Induces the development and maintenance of male reproductive system and male secondary sex characteristics |
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Where is estrogen produced? |
Ovary (and placenta) |
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What classification of hormone, based on chemical structure, is estrogen? |
Steroid |
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What action does estrogen have? |
Induces the development and maintenance of female reproductive system and female secondary sex characteristics |
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Where is progesterone produced? |
Ovary (and placenta) |
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What classification of hormone, based on chemical structure, is progesterone? |
Steroid |
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What action does progesterone have? |
Promotes maintenance of the endometrium |
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Where is melatonin produced? |
Pineal gland |
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What classification of hormone, based on chemical structure, is melatonin? |
Peptide |
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What action does melatonin have? |
Involved in circadian rhythms |
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Where is erythropoietin produced? |
Kidney |
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What classification of hormone, based on chemical structure, is erithropoietin? |
Peptide |
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What action does erythropoietin have? |
Stimulates bone marrow to produce erythrocytes |
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ANP |
Atrial natriuretic peptide |
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Where is atrial natriuretic peptide produced? |
Heart (atria) |
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What classification of hormone, based on chemical structure, is atrial natriuretic peptide? |
Peptide |
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What action does atrial natriuretic peptide have? |
Promotes salt and water excretion |
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Where is thymosin produced? |
Thymus |
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What classification of hormone, based on chemical structure, is thymosin? |
Peptide |
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What action does thymosin have? |
Stimulates T-cell development |
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When the hypothalamus releases gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH), the anterior pituitary releases ___1___ and ___2___. Which then stimulates the ___3___. This organ releases ___4___ or ___5___. |
1. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) 2. Luteinizing hormone (LH) 3. Gonads (testes or ovaries) 4. Testosterone (testes) 5. Estrogen and progesterone (ovaries) |
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GnRH |
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone |
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When the hypothalamus releases corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), the anterior pituitary releases ___1___. This stimulates the ___2___, which then releases ___3___. |
1. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) 2. Adrenal cortex 3. Glucocorticoids (cortisol and cortisone) |
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CRF |
Corticotropin-releasing factor |
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When the hypothalamus releases Thyroid releasing hormone (TRH), the anterior pituitary releases ___1___. This stimulates the ___2___, which then releases ___3___ and ___4___. |
1. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) 2. Thyroid 3. Triiodothyronine (T3) 4. Thyroxine (T4) |
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TRH |
Thyroid-releasing hormone |
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When the hypothalamus decreases dopamine production, the anterior pituitary secretes ___1___. This hormone directly stimulates ___2___. |
1. Prolactin 2. Breast tissue |
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When the hypothalamus releases growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH), the anterior pituitary releases ___1___. This directly stimulates ___2___ and ___3___ |
1. Growth hormone 2. Bone 3. Muscle |
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GHRH |
Growth hormone-releasing hormone |
