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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the signs and symptoms of hyperthyroidism?
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Heat intolerance, nervousness, fatigue, weight loss with increased appetite, increased bowel movements, palpitations, irregular menses, proximal muscle weakness, moist skin, fine hair, hyperactive deep tendon reflexes, tachycardia, widened pulse pressure, tremor
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What are the signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism?
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Growth retardation in children, slowing of physical and mental activity, weight gain, cold intolerance, constipation, weakness, depression, dry skin, cold skin, coarse skin, coarse hair, bradycardia, muscle cramps, delayed relaxation of DTR
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What are the signs and symptoms of thyroid storm?
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High fever, dehydration, delirium, tachycardia, tachypnea, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, coma
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What is Lugol's solution?
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Solution of potasssium iodide and iodine
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What are the two main active thyroid hormones circulation in the body?
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Thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3)
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Which thyroid hormone is more active in the body?
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T3 (5x more active T4)
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What is the half-life of T4?
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7 days
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What is the half-life of T3?
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1.5 days
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What is the name of the enzyme that converts T4 -> T3 in the periphery?
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5'-Deiodinase
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What is the name of the enzyme that converts T4 -> rT3 in the periphery?
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5-Deiodinase
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What is the DOC for hypothyroidism?
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Levothyroxine (t4)
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When a hypothyroid patient is started on levothyroxine therapy, how long will the drug take to reach a steady state?
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6-8 weeks
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What are the adverse effects of levothyoxine?
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same as physiologic hyperthyroidism: heat intolerance,nervousness, fatigue, weight loss with increased appetite, increased bowel movements, palpitations, irregular menses, proximal muscle weakness, moist skin, fine hair, hyperactive deep tendon reflexes, tachycardia, widened pulse pressure, tremor
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What biochemical marker is used to assess for adequate thyroid replacement?
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TSH
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What antiarrhythmic agent can potentially cause either hypo- or hyperthyroidism?
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Amiodarone (more commonly hypothyroidism)
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What three protein in the blood are T3 and T4 bound to?
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Thyroid-binding globulin, thyroid-binding prealbumin, albumin
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What percentage of T4 is protein bound?
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99.96%
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What percentage of T3 is protein bound?
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99.6%
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The α subunit of TSH is similar to the α subunit of which hormones in the body?
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FSH, LH and HCG
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What drug is used to ablate thyroid tissue?
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Radioactive iodine
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What drug is used to treat cardiovascular effects seen in thyrotoxicosis?
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Propranolol
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What is the side effect of surgical removal of the thyroid gland?
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Hypothyroidism
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What are the DOC to threat hyperthryoidism?
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Thionamides: propylthiouracil and methimazole
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What drugs inhibit the release of preformed thyroid hormone?
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Iodide, lithium
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What drugs inhibit the iodination of tyrosyl residues on thyroglobulin?
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propylthiouracil and methimazole
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What drugs inhibit the coupling reactions that for T3 and T4?
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propylthiouracil, methimazole, iodide
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What drugs block the conversion of T4 -> T3 in the periphery by inhibiting 5'-deiodinase?
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Propylthiouracil and propanolol
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What are the side effects of propylthiouracil and methimazole?
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Pruritic maculopapular rash, vasculitis, arthralgias, fever, leukopenia, granulocytosis
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Do propylthiouracil and methimazole cross the placenta?
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Yes
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What is the DOC for hyperthyroidism in pregnancy?
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propylthiouracil
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What drugs decrease levels of thyroid-binding globulin?
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Androgens, glucocorticoids, L-asparaginase
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What drugs increase levels of thyroid-binding globulin?
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Estrogens, perphenazine, clofibrate, fluorouracil
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