Endocrine/nervous/reproductive System

Front 1

state the general name of hormones release from the hypthalmus

Back 1

releasing hormone

Front 2

state the name of two non-reproductive hormones secreted from the anterior pituitary gland and explain their function

Back 2

growth hormone - facilitates growth of skeleton and skeletal muscle

thyroid stimulating hormone (tsh) - stimulates thyroid gland to secrete thyroxine

Front 3

state the name of two reproductive hormones secreted from the anterior pituitary gland and explain their function

Back 3

fsh - secreted from anterior pituitary gland stimulates development of female gamete. promotes release of female gamete.

lh - stimulates ovulation at day 14 in the menstrual cycle

Front 4

state the name of two reproductive hormones secreted from the posterior pituitary gland and explain their function

Back 4

oxytocin - stimulates uterine contractions secreted from posterior pituitary

prolactin - post natal it stimulates milk production

Front 5

hypothalamus secretes?

Back 5

gnrh

Front 6

anterior pituitary gland secretes

Back 6

fsh, ovaries, oestragen

Front 7

function of testes

Back 7

contains sperm at various stages of development, secretes testosterone

Front 8

function of epididymis

Back 8

sperm matures here

Front 9

function of vas deferens

Back 9

takes sperm from epididymis to the ejaculatory duct

Front 10

function of seminal vesicle

Back 10

secretions in the seminal fluid contain fructose to give sperm energy

Front 11

function of prostate gland

Back 11

secretions contain enzymes, make up 30% of seminal fluid

Front 12

function of ejaculatory duct

Back 12

takes sperm and urine to external environment

Front 13

function of urethra

Back 13

takes sperm and urine to the external environment

Front 14

sperm develops in the ..

Back 14

seminiferous tubules

Front 15

sperm mother cells are know as ..

Back 15

spermatogonia

Front 16

interstitial cells secrete the male hormone ...

Back 16

testosterone

Front 17

define mitosis

Back 17

cell division in body cells

Front 18

define meiosis

Back 18

cell division in gametes, sperm, ova

Front 19

primary spermatocytes have how many chromosomes?

Back 19

46

Front 20

secondary spermatocytes have how many chromosomes?

Back 20

23

Front 21

spermatids have how many chromosomes?

Back 21

23

Front 22

sperm has how many chromosomes?

Back 22

23

Front 23

when an egg meets sperm the early product of conception contains how many chromosomes?

Back 23

46

Front 24

hormone secreted by the graffian follicle?

Back 24

oestragen

Front 25

hormone secreted by the graffian follicle?

Back 25

oestragen

Front 26

hormone secreted by the corpus luteum

Back 26

progesterone

Front 27

describe the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle

Back 27

under the influence of fsh from the anterior pituitary gland one follicle enlarges, this know as the graffian follicle

Front 28

describe the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle

Back 28

under the influence of fsh from the anterior pituitary gland one follicle enlarges, this know as the graffian follicle

Front 29

ovulation occurs at what day in the 28 day cycle

Back 29

day 14

Front 30

explain the role of fsh & lh?

Back 30

fsh develops the graffian follicle containing ova. fsh promotes the release of female gamete. increasing oestrogen level triggers the surge of lh, which triggers the release of ova from the graffian follicle - ovulation

Front 31

explain the role of fsh & lh?

Back 31

fsh develops the graffian follicle containing ova. fsh promotes the release of female gamete. increasing oestrogen level triggers the surge of lh, which triggers the release of ova from the graffian follicle - ovulation

Front 32

describe the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle

Back 32

empty shell of graffian follicle secretes progesterone and oestrogen to prepare the uterine lining for implantation. the hormome level inhibit secretion of fsh from anterior pit gland as no new eggs are required

Front 33

explain the role of fsh & lh?

Back 33

fsh develops the graffian follicle containing ova. fsh promotes the release of female gamete. increasing oestrogen level triggers the surge of lh, which triggers the release of ova from the graffian follicle - ovulation

Front 34

describe the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle

Back 34

empty shell of graffian follicle secretes progesterone and oestrogen to prepare the uterine lining for implantation. the hormome level inhibit secretion of fsh from anterior pit gland as no new eggs are required

Front 35

explain the difference between endocrine and nervous system?

Back 35

nervous system - effects are fast but short lived, based on transmission of electrical impulses

endocrine system - based on secretion of chemical messengers, slower response but the effects last longer

Front 36

progesterone

Back 36

site of production - corpus luteum of ovary

target organ - uterus

effects - develops/prepares uterine lining for pregnancy

Front 37

progesterone

Back 37

site of production - corpus luteum of ovary

target organ - uterus

effects - develops/prepares uterine lining for pregnancy

Front 38

prolactin

Back 38

site of production - anterior pituitary gland

target organ - breast tissue/ mammary glands

effects - stimulates milk production

Front 39

progesterone

Back 39

site of production - corpus luteum of ovary

target organ - uterus

effects - develops/prepares uterine lining for pregnancy

Front 40

prolactin

Back 40

site of production - anterior pituitary gland

target organ - breast tissue/ mammary glands

effects - stimulates milk production

Front 41

cortisol

Back 41

site of production - adrenal cortex

target organ - body tissues i.e fat, liver, muscle

effects - organic metabolism, response to stress

Front 42

progesterone

Back 42

site of production - corpus luteum of ovary

target organ - uterus

effects - develops/prepares uterine lining for pregnancy

Front 43

prolactin

Back 43

site of production - anterior pituitary gland

target organ - breast tissue/ mammary glands

effects - stimulates milk production

Front 44

cortisol

Back 44

site of production - adrenal cortex

target organ - body tissues i.e fat, liver, muscle

effects - organic metabolism, response to stress

Front 45

oxytocin

Back 45

site of production - posterior pituitary gland

target organ - breast tissue/ uterus

effects - milk 'let down' in response to sucking, contractions/labour

Front 46

progesterone

Back 46

site of production - corpus luteum of ovary

target organ - uterus

effects - develops/prepares uterine lining for pregnancy

Front 47

prolactin

Back 47

site of production - anterior pituitary gland

target organ - breast tissue/ mammary glands

effects - stimulates milk production

Front 48

cortisol

Back 48

site of production - adrenal cortex

target organ - body tissues i.e fat, liver, muscle

effects - organic metabolism, response to stress

Front 49

oxytocin

Back 49

site of production - posterior pituitary gland

target organ - breast tissue/ uterus

effects - milk 'let down' in response to sucking, contractions/labour

Front 50

insulin

Back 50

site of production - pancreas

target organ - liver/muscle/fat cells

effects - facilitates the uptake of glucose into fat/muscle

Front 51

progesterone

Back 51

site of production - corpus luteum of ovary

target organ - uterus

effects - develops/prepares uterine lining for pregnancy

Front 52

prolactin

Back 52

site of production - anterior pituitary gland

target organ - breast tissue/ mammary glands

effects - stimulates milk production

Front 53

cortisol

Back 53

site of production - adrenal cortex

target organ - body tissues i.e fat, liver, muscle

effects - organic metabolism, response to stress

Front 54

oxytocin

Back 54

site of production - posterior pituitary gland

target organ - breast tissue/ uterus

effects - milk 'let down' in response to sucking, contractions/labour

Front 55

insulin

Back 55

site of production - pancreas

target organ - liver/muscle/fat cells

effects - facilitates the uptake of glucose into fat/muscle

Front 56

testosterone

Back 56

site of production - testes

target organ - various tissues

effects - development of male sex characteristics/ growth of facial and body hair / voice changes

Front 57

progesterone

Back 57

site of production - corpus luteum of ovary

target organ - uterus

effects - develops/prepares uterine lining for pregnancy

Front 58

prolactin

Back 58

site of production - anterior pituitary gland

target organ - breast tissue/ mammary glands

effects - stimulates milk production

Front 59

cortisol

Back 59

site of production - adrenal cortex

target organ - body tissues i.e fat, liver, muscle

effects - organic metabolism, response to stress

Front 60

oxytocin

Back 60

site of production - posterior pituitary gland

target organ - breast tissue/ uterus

effects - milk 'let down' in response to sucking, contractions/labour

Front 61

insulin

Back 61

site of production - pancreas

target organ - liver/muscle/fat cells

effects - facilitates the uptake of glucose into fat/muscle

Front 62

testosterone

Back 62

site of production - testes

target organ - various tissues

effects - development of male sex characteristics/ growth of facial and body hair / voice changes

Front 63

adrenalin

Back 63

site of production - adrenal medulla

target organ - heart/lungs

effects - flight or fight response/ increased heart rate, Bp rate, resp rate

Front 64

thyroxine

Back 64

site of production - thyroid gland

target organ - body tissues

effects - energy release

Front 65

define the term water balance

Back 65

water losses are compensated by an equal water intake

Front 66

define the term water balance

Back 66

water losses are compensated by an equal water intake

Front 67

state the importance of fluid balance in the clinical environment?

Back 67

represents a data source of fluid input/output over 24 hours

allows clinical team to assess fluid requirements

Front 68

define the term water balance

Back 68

water losses are compensated by an equal water intake

Front 69

state the importance of fluid balance in the clinical environment?

Back 69

represents a data source of fluid input/output over 24 hours

allows clinical team to assess fluid requirements

Front 70

define diffusion

Back 70

movement of molecules from a high to a low concentration

Front 71

define the term water balance

Back 71

water losses are compensated by an equal water intake

Front 72

state the importance of fluid balance in the clinical environment?

Back 72

represents a data source of fluid input/output over 24 hours

allows clinical team to assess fluid requirements

Front 73

define diffusion

Back 73

movement of molecules from a high to a low concentration

Front 74

define osmosis

Back 74

movement of water from a high to a low concentration

Front 75

define the term water balance

Back 75

water losses are compensated by an equal water intake

Front 76

state the importance of fluid balance in the clinical environment?

Back 76

represents a data source of fluid input/output over 24 hours

allows clinical team to assess fluid requirements

Front 77

define diffusion

Back 77

movement of molecules from a high to a low concentration

Front 78

define osmosis

Back 78

movement of water from a high to a low concentration

Front 79

explain how the actuon of the sodium/potassium pump helps maintain ecf volume?

Back 79

the pump uses ATP to shift sodium out of the cell and potassium into the cell

Front 80

define the term water balance

Back 80

water losses are compensated by an equal water intake

Front 81

state the importance of fluid balance in the clinical environment?

Back 81

represents a data source of fluid input/output over 24 hours

allows clinical team to assess fluid requirements

Front 82

define diffusion

Back 82

movement of molecules from a high to a low concentration

Front 83

define osmosis

Back 83

movement of water from a high to a low concentration

Front 84

explain how the actuon of the sodium/potassium pump helps maintain ecf volume?

Back 84

the pump uses ATP to shift sodium out of the cell and potassium into the cell

Front 85

define icf

Back 85

all the fluid found within the cells

Front 86

define the term water balance

Back 86

water losses are compensated by an equal water intake

Front 87

state the importance of fluid balance in the clinical environment?

Back 87

represents a data source of fluid input/output over 24 hours

allows clinical team to assess fluid requirements

Front 88

define diffusion

Back 88

movement of molecules from a high to a low concentration

Front 89

define osmosis

Back 89

movement of water from a high to a low concentration

Front 90

explain how the actuon of the sodium/potassium pump helps maintain ecf volume?

Back 90

the pump uses ATP to shift sodium out of the cell and potassium into the cell

Front 91

define icf

Back 91

all the fluid found within the cells

Front 92

define ecf

Back 92

all the fluid found out with the cells, plasma & interstitial fluid

Front 93

the membeane seperatinf the ecf from the icf is the?

Back 93

cell membrane

Front 94

the membrane seperating plasma from the interstitial fluid is the?

Back 94

capillary wall

Front 95

state what substancss are permeable through the membrane seperating plasma from interstitial fluid

Back 95

water and small dissolved solutes

Front 96

summarise fluid movement to and from cells

Back 96

fluid movement to and from cells is created by the opposing forces of hydrostatic pressure and osmotic pressure