Endocrine Lecture Exam 1 Diseases

Front 1

______is genetic disorder which one or more of the endocrine glands have too much tissue or form a tumor

Back 1

MEN 1
(Currently, treatment options include surgical removal of the tumor, drug therapy, and radiation therapy of the pituitary)

Front 2

syndrome is caused by mosaic mutations (not all the DNA in all the cells are mutated) in the DNA. This disease is not inherited.Marked by premature puberty in girls. Fibrous dysplasia (scarlike tissue) in bones, making very fragile. Cafe au laite spots.

Back 2

McCune -Albright Currently, treatment options include surgical removal of the tumor, drug therapy, and radiation therapy of the pituitary

Front 3

________results from a pituitary adenoma (tumor). Tumor cells keep growing and producing massive amounts of GH and the body tissues gradually enlarge. Severe disfigurement. Die young.

Back 3

Acromegaly (Andre the Giant, Carel Struycken from Adams family..Lurch,)

Front 4

Tumor in or near nervous system, mostly inherited. 30% of the time the disease just pops up. Affects one out of every 3-4,000 people.
Cafe au lait spots
deformities of bones

Back 4

Neurofibromatoses 1 (NF1)

Front 5

Tumor on both sides of Vestibulocochlear Nerve (VIII). If it spreads big enough it reaches pituitary.
Suffer tenitis (ringing in ears)
Poor Balance
Vertigo
Severe Headaches
Facial Pain and Numbness

Back 5

Neurofibromatoses 2 (NF2)

Front 6

______is genetic disorder which one or more of the endocrine glands have too much tissue or form a tumor

Back 6

MEN 1
(Currently, treatment options include surgical removal of the tumor, drug therapy, and radiation therapy of the pituitary)

GH related

Front 7

syndrome is caused by mosaic mutations (not all the DNA in all the cells are mutated) in the DNA. This disease is not inherited.Marked by premature puberty in girls. Fibrous dysplasia (scarlike tissue) in bones, making very fragile. Cafe au laite spots.

Back 7

McCune -Albright Currently, treatment options include surgical removal of the tumor, drug therapy, and radiation therapy of the pituitary

GH related

Front 8

________results from a pituitary adenoma (tumor). Tumor cells keep growing and producing massive amounts of GH and the body tissues gradually enlarge. Severe disfigurement. Die young.

Back 8

Acromegaly (Andre the Giant, Carel Struycken from Adams family..Lurch,)

GH related

Front 9

Tumor in or near nervous system, mostly inherited. 30% of the time the disease just pops up. Affects one out of every 3-4,000 people.
Cafe au lait spots
deformities of bones

Back 9

Neurofibromatoses 1 (NF1)

GH related

Front 10

Tumor on both sides of Vestibulocochlear Nerve (VIII). If it spreads big enough it reaches pituitary.
Suffer tenitis (ringing in ears)
Poor Balance
Vertigo
Severe Headaches
Facial Pain and Numbness

Back 10

Neurofibromatoses 2 (NF2)

GH related

Front 11

Body can't hold on to water
Die of dehydration

Back 11

Diabetes Insipidis
Nothing to do with Insulin, everything to do with Vasopressin

Related to ADH

Front 12

Direct damage to hypothalamus or posterior pituitary
Could be from:
tumor or growth of tumor
Stroke
Dr screw up
Genetic Disorder
Syphilis
Results from a lack or reduced amount of ADH being released

Back 12

Central Diabetes Insipidis CDI
(Form of DI )

direct hypo or ant pit dmg/genetic/lack of ADH
tumor stroke syphillus

Front 13

Body produces ADH but G-protein in kidneys not responding.
Problem in ADH V2 receptors 90% -(shape change)
Mutation in Aquaporin 2 Channels (doesn't have hole)
Hereditary, x-link recessive

Back 13

Nephrongenic Disease
(form of DI)
Genetic x-linked/aquporin 2 prob/ADH V2receptor(kidney)90%

Front 14

Damage to osmoreceptor- can't detect osmotic pressure. Won't release ADH.

Back 14

Dipsogenic Diabetes Insipidus (DDI)
Damage to osmoreceptor/can't detect osmotic pressure/ won't release ADH

Front 15

Only in pregnancy, if baby's placenta overproduces vasopressenase. Too much vasopressenase causes ______.

Back 15

Gestational Diabetes.
Too much Vasopressenase causes gestational diabetes.

Front 16

______is genetic disorder which one or more of the endocrine glands have too much tissue or form a tumor

Back 16

MEN 1
(Currently, treatment options include surgical removal of the tumor, drug therapy, and radiation therapy of the pituitary)

GH related

Front 17

syndrome is caused by mosaic mutations (not all the DNA in all the cells are mutated) in the DNA. This disease is not inherited.Marked by premature puberty in girls. Fibrous dysplasia (scarlike tissue) in bones, making very fragile. Cafe au laite spots.

Back 17

McCune -Albright Currently, treatment options include surgical removal of the tumor, drug therapy, and radiation therapy of the pituitary

GH related

Front 18

________results from a pituitary adenoma (tumor). Tumor cells keep growing and producing massive amounts of GH and the body tissues gradually enlarge. Severe disfigurement. Die young.

Back 18

Acromegaly (Andre the Giant, Carel Struycken from Adams family..Lurch,)

GH related

Front 19

Tumor in or near nervous system, mostly inherited. 30% of the time the disease just pops up. Affects one out of every 3-4,000 people.
Cafe au lait spots
deformities of bones

Back 19

Neurofibromatoses 1 (NF1)

GH related

Front 20

Tumor on both sides of Vestibulocochlear Nerve (VIII). If it spreads big enough it reaches pituitary.
Suffer tenitis (ringing in ears)
Poor Balance
Vertigo
Severe Headaches
Facial Pain and Numbness

Back 20

Neurofibromatoses 2 (NF2)

GH related

Front 21

Body can't hold on to water
Die of dehydration

Back 21

Diabetes Insipidis
Nothing to do with Insulin, everything to do with Vasopressin

Related to ADH

Front 22

Direct damage to hypothalamus or posterior pituitary
Could be from:
tumor or growth of tumor
Stroke
Dr screw up
Genetic Disorder
Syphilis
Results from a lack or reduced amount of ADH being released

Back 22

Central Diabetes Insipidis CDI
(Form of DI )

direct hypo or ant pit dmg/genetic/lack of ADH
tumor stroke syphillus

Front 23

Body produces ADH but G-protein in kidneys not responding.
Problem in ADH V2 receptors 90% -(shape change)
Mutation in Aquaporin 2 Channels (doesn't have hole)
Hereditary, x-link recessive

Back 23

Nephrongenic Disease
(form of DI)
Genetic x-linked/aquporin 2 prob/ADH V2receptor(kidney)90%

Front 24

Damage to osmoreceptor- can't detect osmotic pressure. Won't release ADH.

Back 24

Dipsogenic Diabetes Insipidus (DDI)
Damage to osmoreceptor/can't detect osmotic pressure/ won't release ADH

Front 25

.

Front 26

Severely mentally retarded.
Muscle atrophy
impaired hearing
Growth stunted

Back 26

Cretinism
No Iodine in diet stunts growth. Without Iodine you can't form T3 and T4

Front 27

high metabolic rate
have to eat all the time or extreme wt loss
enlarged thyroid gland & goiters
high heart rate
high body temp
if they don't eat enough or no meds they will develop EXOPHTHALMOS (bug eyes)

Back 27

Hyperthyroidism-
T3, T4 overabundance
everything speeds up

Front 28

Thyroid doesn't work
low metabolism
no apetite, still gain weight
low body temp
slow heart rate
***Children who develop this will have abnormal bone growth- same as cretinism.

Back 28

Hypothyroidism
everything slows down
not enough T3 T4
children -cretinism

Front 29

Too much CALCIUM, lack of Calcitonin. Constipation, nausea, decreased appetite, abdominal pains, kidney stones (ca solidifies), polyuria(frequent urination), frequent thirst, confusion/dementia, depression fragile bones(osteoclasts overwork), shock can lead to death

Back 29

Hypercalcemia

polyuria/frequent thirst/dementia/fragile bones

Front 30

Too little CALCIUM, too much Calcitonin.
Paresthesia (numbness, tingling on skin)
Petechia (rash localized on skin)
Seizures
Cardiac Arrhythmia
Bronchospasm (tubes in lungs spasm, close up, can cause dysphagia)
Dysphagia (trouble swallowing)
Tetany(muscles lock up for no reason)

Back 30

Hypocalcemia

Petechia/Parathesis/Tetany/Brochsasm/Dysphasia

Front 31

Parathyroid Hypertrophy-(Enlargement of organ), overproduction of PTH.
Symptoms:
Tired , depressed, fractures, polyurea
cataracts
muscle aches
stupor
coma can lead to death

Back 31

Hyperparathyoidism- Primary
Parathyroid hypertrophy/overproduction of PTH

Front 32

Parathyroid glands produce Too much PTH because Calcium levels too low. Parathyroid overworked. Low Calcium -Symptoms:
Tired , depressed, fractures, polyurea
cataracts
muscle aches
stupor
coma can lead to death

Back 32

Hyperparathyoidism-Secondary
parathyroid overworked/low Ca

Front 33

People have kidney problems because of over-excretion of calcium. Not resorbing.
CASR(Ca sensing receptor)-overproduce PTH-brittle bones
(hintPTH helps kidney resorbtion!!) Symptoms:
Tired , depressed, fractures, polyurea
cataracts
muscle aches
stupor
coma can lead to death

Back 33

Hyperparathyroidism-Tertiary

over-excretion of Ca
NOT RESORBING!!

Front 34

By the time you know you have Addison's you have to take medicine, no choice

Back 34

Addison's crisis

Front 35

Low Cortisol Level. One in 100. 70% gradual destruction of adrenal cortex by immune system. Chronic characteristics. You don't know you have it. Gradual.
Symptoms: Fatigue, muscle weakness, loss of appetite, nausea/vomiting/diarrhea, Low BP, hyper-pigmentation, irritability, depression, craving salty foods, low blood sugar

Back 35

Addison's /Hypocortisolism

chronic symptoms/gradual/1-100
have to take artificial cortisol

Front 36

Hypokalemia(too much potassium)
Too much Sodium
Polyuria
Hypertension
Increased thirst
Temporary paralysis
headache
muscle cramp

Back 36

Conn's syndrome
(Hypoaldosteronism)
(too much potassium/sodium)
only way to get rid of the disease is to remove the zona reticularis