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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Hypothalamus |
Connected to the pituitary gland via the Infundibulum (sterling stalk). It connects the ANS to the endocrine system. |
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Another name for pituitary is? |
Hypophysis |
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How many main hormones released by the pituitary gland? |
7 Anterior = GH, PRL, ACTH, TSH, LH & FSH Posterior = ADH, Oxytocin *hormones not made in the posterior, it is made in the hypothalamus and stored there. |
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In the hypothalamus, the supraoptic nucleus (SON) makes what? |
ADH antidiuretic hormone- triggerd by dehydration, helps body conserve water |
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In the hypothalamus, the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) makes what hormone? |
Oxytocin - for milk ejection, positive feedback, stimulates uterine contractions, sexual, social bonding. |
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Pineal gland |
Part of nervous system as it receives stimuli Secretes melatonin |
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Thyroid gland follicle hormones |
Thyroid hormones: T3- triodothyronine main Thyroid hormone, most potent T4- precursor to T3, most abundant
Calcitonin- produced in the parafollicular cells. Decrease blood calcium levels. |
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Adrenal gland structure |
Outer capsule - protection Cortex - produces hormones Medulla - innermost
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Adrenal glad cortex layers and hormones |
Cortex layers and hormone secretion: 1. Zona glomerulosa - outermost, mineralocorticoids (aldosterone - increases Na absorption, increases water retention, RAAS) 2. Zona fasciculata - middle, glucocorticoids (cortisol, cortisone, corticosterone- gluconeogenic, increases in response to stress, acts on ALL CELLS) |
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Adrenal gland medulla structure |
Neurosecretory tissue- Secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine These prolong and enhance the effects of sympathetic stimulation by the ANS |
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Pancreas structure |
An endocrine and exocrine gland Exocrine is the primary function. It does NOT go into the blood. |
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The 5 types of pancreatic cells and their hormones |
-A Cells - glucagon -B cells - insulin *75% of all pancreatic islet cells -D cells - somstostatin (regulates other pancreatic endocrine cells) -Pancreatic polypeptide cells - pancreatic polypeptide (regulates GI secretions) -E cells - ghrelin (boost appetite, slows metabolism) |
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The heart |
ANH - Opposes increases in blood vol, antagonist to aldosterone |
