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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Describe the anatomy and histology of the parathyroid hormones.
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- Located on posterior surface of thyroid
- # Varies between 2-6 (usually 4) - Chief cells (synthesize parathyroid hormone) & oxyphil cellls |
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List functions of PTH
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Raises calcium levels by
- Stimulating Calcitriol which increases calcium absorp. in sm. intestine - Less calcium released by kidneys - takes calcium from bones |
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How is PTH regulated?
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Secreted in response to low blood calcium levels
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Hyperparathyroidism
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Too much PTH
- kidney stones - bone fractures - muscle weakness - cardiac arrest |
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Hypoparathyroidism
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Too little PTH
- tingling in limbs, fingers - muscle cramps - arrythmia - tetany |
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What is embryonic origin of medulla?
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Neural crest cells
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Describe anatomy and histology of adrenal medulla
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Cortex: three zones from superficial to deep
– Zona glomerulosa – Zona fasciculata – Zona reticularis |
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Two hormones released by adrenal medula and effects?
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epinephrine and norepinephrine - fight or flight
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Pheochromocytoma (benign) and neuroblastoma (malignant)
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Large amts epi and norepi - high BP, sweating, nervousness, pallor, tachycardia
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Embryonic origin of cortex
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mesothelium
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