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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the hormones that are secreted by the Thymus? |
Thymopoietin, thymosin, and thymulin. They simulate development of the other lymphatic organ activity of T lymphocytes. |
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Which Gland is the site of T cells and is important in immune defense? |
Thymus Gland |
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Which Gland is the Largest endocrine Gland? |
Thyroid Gland |
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Which Gland plays a role in three systems : endocrine, lymphatic, immune |
Thymus |
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What does the thyroid gland secret? |
Thyroxine (tetraiodothyronine because of four iodine atoms) and trilodothyrondine iodine atoms (T3)-T4 which is converted to T3. |
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After age 7 it undergoes involution (shrinkage ) Down 75% by end of puberty(Gonads ) Tiny mass of shrunken tissue in adults |
Pineal Gland |
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What incease growth hormone boost transcription of DNA, production of mRNA, amino acid uptake into cells, suppresses protein catabolism? |
Protein Synthesis |
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Fat catabolized by adipocytes (protein-sparing effect) which provides energy for growing tissue |
Lipid metabolism increased |
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Mobilizes fatty acids, reduces the dependence of most cell on glucose. Will not compete with the brain ans make these electrolytes available to the growing tissue. |
Carbohydrates metabolism Glucose-sparing effect |
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Promotes Na+, K+, and Cl- retention by kidneys, enhances Ca2+ absorption in intestine |
Electrolyte balance |
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What secret Calcitonin with the rising blood calcium? |
Parafollicular cell |
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What increases blood Ca2+ level |
Parathyroid hormone |
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Promotes Synthesis of calcitonin Increase absorption of Ca2+ Deceases Urinary excretion Increase bone resorption |
Parathyroid hormones secret |
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Has dual nature acting as an endocrine gland and sympathetic ganglion of sympathetic nervous system. |
Adrenal Medulla |
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Chromaffin in the Adrenal Medulla is stimulated it releases |
Epinephrine and norepinephrine and a trace of Dopamine(slow down certain organ)into the bloodstream. |
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Consists of modified sympathetic postganglionic neurons called |
Chromaffin cells |
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Adrenal is innervated by |
Sympathetic preganglionic fibers |
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Glycogenolysis and Gluconeogenesis boost what levels in the liver? |
Glucose |
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Surrounds adrenal medulla and produces more than 25 steroid hormones |
Corticosteroids or Corticoids |
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Stimulates Na+ retention and K+ excretion, water is retained with sodium by osmosis(kidney ), so blood pressure are maintained. |
Aldosterone |
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Effect is longer lasting than Neurotransmitters. Increase alterness and prepares body for physical activity |
Adrenal Medulla |
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Plays a role in the timing of your boby. |
Pineal Gland and Melatonin |
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What is involution? |
Shrinkage |
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What is the main job of the Thymus? |
Site of Maturation of Lymphocytes Important to immune system Defense against bacteria and viruses. |
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What is the name cell secret thyroxine aka T4 and tetraiodothyronine aka T3 |
Follicular( cuboidal epithelium that lines follicles ) |
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What is important to build T3 and T4 |
Iodine |
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What is the primary function of the Thyroid? |
Increase (Metabolism) Metabolic Rate. Heat production (calorigenic effect ) Raises oxygen consumption Alertness and quicker reflex Heart rate
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Calcitonin (Thyroid ) |
Reduce calcium from the blood to make bone formation Density of bones. |
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Increase fight or flight over a long period of time . |
Adrenal Medulla |
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Inhibits insulin secretion for your muscle and brain? |
Glucose sparing effect |
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What does the Adrenal Medulla increases? |
Blood pressure Heart rate Blood flow to muscle Pulmonary airlow Metabolic Rate |
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What does the Adrenal Medulla decrease? |
Digestion Urine production |
