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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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sodium retention w/ concomitant plasma volume expansion -->
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primary mineralocorticoid excess
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what is the primary stimulator of mineralocorticoid stimulation?
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AGT2
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if you absorb Na+ you have to excrete __
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K+
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what does aldo do to plasma renin?
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decrease it
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what are some causes of increased renin?
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Na+ depletion
upright posture decreased perfusion pressure hypovolemia beta-adrenergic stimulatoin PGI2 |
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walk through the hormone changes if you have an aldo producing adenoma
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(+)aldo --> (+)Na retention and (+)K+ loss
Na retention --> (-)Renin and (-)AGT2 |
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increased plasma renin and plasma aldo (PAC/PRA = 10)...what are you thinking?
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2'ary hyperaldosteronism (diuretics,renin-secreting tumor, coarctation of aorta, etc.)
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decreased renin and increased also (PAC/PRA > 20)...what are you thinking?
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primary aldosterone producing tumor
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decreased renin and aldo. what are you thinking?
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congenital adrenal hyperplasia
exogenous mineralocorticoids (licorice ingestion) DOC-producing tumor Cushing's syndrome 11-beta-HSD deficiency Liddle's syndrome |
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what are some causes of 2'ary hypermineralocorticoidism?
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renovascular hypertension
renin-secreting tumor accelerated HTN estrogen therapy (OCP) |
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walk through the hormone changes if you have renal artery stenosis
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stenosis --> +renin --> +AGT2 --> +aldo --> Na retention and K+ loss
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what are some renovascular causes of hypertension?
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coarctation of the aorta
renal artery stenosis malignant HTN |
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what are some causes of primary reninism?
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reninomas
some Wilms tumors ectopic renin secretion |
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what are some causes of renal parenchymatous dz?
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acute and chronic glomerulonephritis
chronic pyelonephritis polycystic kidney dz interstitial nephritis amyloid CT dz (SLE, etc.) |
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what type of drug is eplerenone?
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mineralcorticoid-receptor antagonist
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what are some sx during or following paroxysms in pts w/ pheochromocytoma?
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HA
sweating forceful heartbeat w/ or w/o tachy anxiety tremor fatigue N/V abdominal or chest pain visual disturbances |
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what are some sx b/w paroxysms in pts w/ pheochromocytoma?
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increased sweating
cold hands and feet WL constipation |
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what is the rule of 10's regarding pheochromocytoma?
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10% of tumors are bilateral
10% are malignant 10% of benign tumors originate in the sympathetic ganglia outside the adrenal medulla |
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T1 or T2: easier to see pheochromocytoma
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T2
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what medical therapy is used to treat HTN in pts w/ pheochromocytoma?
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alpha and beta blockers
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