Endocrine Drugs 2

Front 1

What kind of drug is Troglitazone?

Back 1

thiazolidinedione

Front 2

What is the MOA of Troglitazone?

Back 2

improved insulin sensitivity in muscle, fat, liver
enhances insulin-mediated glucose disposal in muscle andf at, reduces hepatic glucose production, no stimulation of pancreatic insulin secretion

Front 3

What is the cellular MOA of Troglitazone?

Back 3

binds to peroxisome proliferator activated receptors, nuclear receptors in target tissues of insulin action
PPAR's regulate insulin-responsive genes in regulation of glucose and fat metabolism, adipocyte specific genes

Front 4

How is Troglitazone distributed?

Back 4

bound to serum albumin

Front 5

How is Troglitazone metabolized?

Back 5

hepatically

Front 6

What are the effects of Troglitazone?

Back 6

reduced fasting and postprandial glucose and A1c, reduction in insulinemia, exogenous insulin requirement

Front 7

What are the lipid effects of Troglitazone?

Back 7

decreases triglycerides, increased HDL and LDL,
shifts to large fluffy LDL, reduces blood pressure

Front 8

What are the side effects of Troglitazone?

Back 8

edema, decreased hemoglobin, hematocrit, neutrophils, hepatocellular injury, heart enlargement, extremity fractures in women

Front 9

What are the contraindications to Troglitazone?

Back 9

hypersensitivity to thiazolidinediones, lactation, pregnancy, hepatic disease, CHF, fluid retention

Front 10

How is T3 created?

Back 10

mostly peripheral converstion of t4

Front 11

What forms T3 and T4?

Back 11

thyroid peroxidase on luminal surface of thyroid epithelial cells

Front 12

How do you treat Graves?

Back 12

beta blockers, thionamides that block T3/T4, radioiodine ablation, surgical ablation

Front 13

Which medications can cause osteoporosis?

Back 13

corticosteroids, antiepileptic, thiazolidinediones, anticoagulants

Front 14

What are the PTH-mediated causes of hypercalcemia?

Back 14

hyperparathyroidism, familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia, ectopic PTH, lithium

Front 15

What kind of drug is pramlintide?

Back 15

synthetic amylin analog, adjunct to mealtime insulin

Front 16

What is pramlintide's MOA?

Back 16

delays gastric emptying, decreases glucagons ecretion, improves satiety

Front 17

What do you need tow atch out for with Pramlintide?

Back 17

decrease insulin dose

Front 18

What are the side effects of Pramlintide?

Back 18

nausea, anorexia, vomiting

Front 19

Who should not get pramlintide?

Back 19

patietns with diabetic gastroparesis or hypoglycemic unawareness

Front 20

What kind of drug is exenatide?

Back 20

incretin mimetic

Front 21

What does exenatide do?

Back 21

improves glucose-dependent insulin secretion, slows gastric emptying, decreases food intake, decreases postprandial glucagon secretion, promotes beta cell proliferation

Front 22

What are the good effects of exenatide?

Back 22

weight gain and hyperglycemia reduced

Front 23

What is exenatide's drawback?

Back 23

give SCf requently

Front 24

For whom do you use Exenatide?

Back 24

diabetics who have failed other drugs

Front 25

What are the side effects of pramlintide?

Back 25

nausea, vomiting, diarrhea

Front 26

What are the side effects of exenatide?

Back 26

nausea, vomiting, diarrhea

Front 27

What kind of drug is sitagliptin?

Back 27

orally active dipeptidyl peptidase-IV

Front 28

What do you use stiagliptin for?

Back 28

type 2

Front 29

What does sitagliptin do?

Back 29

prolongs incretin hormones, increased insulin release in response to meals, reduction in glucagon

Front 30

How do you give sitagliptin?

Back 30

orallly, monotherapy or combo

Front 31

For what do you adjust sitagliptin dosage?

Back 31

renal probs

Front 32

What are the side effects of sitagliptin?

Back 32

nasopharyngitis, headache

Front 33

For what do you use pegvisomant?

Back 33

treatment of acromegaly

Front 34

What does pegvisomant do?

Back 34

antagonist at GH receptors, normalizes IGF-I levels

Front 35

What kind of drug is bromocriptine?

Back 35

dopamine receptor agonist

Front 36

For what do you use bromocriptine?

Back 36

parkinson's

Front 37

Why is bromocriptine good?

Back 37

longer duration of action, less risk of dyskinesias, motor fluctuations

Front 38

What are the side effects of bromocriptine?

Back 38

hallucinations, confusion, delirium, nausea, orthostatic hypotension, serious cardiac problems, worsening of vascular disease
pulmonary and retroperitoneal fibrosis

Front 39

For what do you use zolendronate?

Back 39

to treat hypercalcemia of malignancy, osteoporosis, postmenopausal osteoporosis

Front 40

What kind of drug is zolendronate?

Back 40

bisphosphate

Front 41

How does zolendronate work?

Back 41

inhibits osteoclasts

Front 42

What are the side effects of zolendronate?

Back 42

diarrhea, ab pain, muscle pain

Front 43

What does calcitonin do?

Back 43

relief of pain with osteoporotic fracture

Front 44

What are the adverse effects of calcitonin?

Back 44

rhinitis, nasal symptoms
resistance in Paget's

Front 45

What do you use risendronate for?

Back 45

osteoporosis, Paget's, bone mets

Front 46

What are the side effects of risedronate?

Back 46

diarrhea, ab pain, muscle pain, esophagitis, esophageal ulcers

Front 47

What kind of drug is risendronate?

Back 47

bisphosphate

Front 48

How do you treat hypothyroidism?

Back 48

levothroxine daily

Front 49

What kind of drug is methimazole?

Back 49

thioamide, blocks thyroid hormone synthesis

Front 50

Why would you use methimazole?

Back 50

inhibits thyroid hormone synthesis, doesn't affect stored hormone

Front 51

Why would you use propylthiouracil?

Back 51

block thyroid hormone synthesis, blocks conversion of T4 to T3

Front 52

What are side effects of methimazole?

Back 52

agranulocytosis, rash, edema

Front 53

What are side effects of PTU?

Back 53

rash, agranulocytosis, edema