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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Somatropin
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Recombinant human GH
(GH produced by anterior pituitary) -protein, must be given parenterally -used for pituitary dwarfism |
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Pegvisomant
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GH antagonist
-binds to GH receptors but doesn't activate JAK-STAT signaling -approved for acromegaly when octreotide doesn't work |
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Mecasermin
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Recombinatn IGF-1 "target tissue"
-also available with binding protein -used in larson syndrome when there is lack of response to GH -adverse affect: hypoglycemia "insulin like effects" |
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Sermorelin
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GHRH
-used for diagnostic purposes |
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Octreotide
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Somatostatin analog
-45x more potent at suppressing GH -goal is to reduce GH and IGF-1 levels to normal Adverse effects: gallstones, vit B12 deficiency |
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Bromocriptine
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Dopamine D2 agonist-ergot derivative
-goal is to decrease prolactin release -at high doses can also inhibit GH (Not given for parkinsons!!) |
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Oxytocin
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-primary use for inducing labor
-intranasal preparations available |
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Desmopressin
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DDAVP- selective for V2 receptor (renal collecting duct)
-used in diabetes insipidus!! -can be given intranasally or oral Adverse: hyponatremia emergency situation: can activate V1 receptor response (vasoconstriction) |
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Conivaptan
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Vasopressin antagonist (nonpeptide)
-indication is for SIADH -high affinity for V2 receptors |
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Cholecalciferol
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Vit D supplement
-Vit D3 (animal derivative) |
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Ergocalciferol
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Vit D supplement
-Vit D2 (plant form) -converted into calcitriol for VDR -to treat osteomalacia and ricketts |
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Calcitriol
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Active form of Vitamin D
-primary therapeutic use is during renal failure when the body can't make calcitriol -can also be used to treat hypoparathyroidism |
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Non-hypercalcemic calcitriol analogs
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-used to selectivey produce effects on the immune system or in cancers w/out hypercalcemia as side effect
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Calcitonin
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-suppresses high rates of bone turnover
-maybe be adjunct therapy in osteoperosis -can also be analgesic (directly inhibits osteoclastic activity) |
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Teriparatide
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-Suppresses high rates of bone turnover
-amino terminal of PTH, used to promote bone formation in severe osteoperosis (primary treatment!!) |
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Cinacalcet
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Regulates PTH hypersecretion
-Alters synthesis of both CaSR and PTH - "sensitizes" receptor -used in: secondary hyperparathyroidism in renal dz, and primary hyperPT, sometimes in PT carcinoma Adverse: hypercalcemia |
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Glyburide (sulfonylurea)
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Insulin secretagogues
-increases insulin production by pancreas -Binds to SUR1 subunit of ATP sensitive K channel on B cells to inactivate channel (for depolarization) |
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Metformin (biguanide)
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"anti-hyperglycemic"
-decreases liver glucose production -AMP stimulated protein kinase |
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Rosiglitazone (thiazoladinedones)
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-increases sugar uptake by muscle and fat cells
-selective agonist of PPARy *primary site of action is FAT (enhances adiponectic) |
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Acarbose (alpha glucosidase inhibitors)
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-slows sugar absorption in the gut
-inhibits breakdown of starch and oligosaccharides to mono by inhibiting alpha glucosidase -lessens glycemic boost after a meal |
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Exenatide (incretic mimetic)
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-glucose dependent insulinotropic poypeptide (GIP-1)
-Glucagon like peptide (GLP-1) agonist -"glucose dependent" insulin secretion -slows gastric emptying -decreases appetite |
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Hydrocortisone (glucocortisone)
Prednisone (intermediate) Dexamethasone (long acting) |
(short acting) taken orally
-Tx for addison's dz -can be used to suppress immune system and inflammatory responses |
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Fludrocortisone (mineralcorticoid)
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Increases BP
-increase dose during exercise, stress, diarrhea -Tx for addisonian crisis, tx with IV until pt is stabilized |
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Ketoconazole
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Anti-fungal agent that inhibits several P450 enzymes involved in steroid synthesis
-inhibits androgen synthesis, can cause gynecomastia Tx for cushing's disease |
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Mifepristone (RU486)
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Glucocorticoid receptor antagonist (also progesterone)
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Spironolactone
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Aldosterone receptor antagonist
-"K sparing diuretic" -slow onset of action -also binds to androgen receptor competing with dihydrotestosterone "anti-androgen" |
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Epinephrine
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Tx for anaphylactic shock
-Beta1= increases HR and force of contraction -Beta2= bronchial dilation |
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Levothyroxine
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Tx of choice for pts with hypothyroidism!!!
-has long 1/2 life, circulates bound to TBG -allows tissues to generate T3 |
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Triiodothyronin
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"active" thyroid hormone
-short half life -IV admnistration, to tx myxedema coma!! |
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Radioactive iodine I-131
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isotope for thyrotoxicosis
-emmits beta and gamma particles -pt can become hypo |
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Iodides
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inhibit hormone release and organification
-decreases size and vascularity of hyperplastic gland |
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Propylthiouracil (thioamides)
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Inhibits hormone release
-acts on thyroid peroxidase to block iodine organification and coupling rxns -primary for mild thyrotoxicosis, preferred in preggos -Adverse: agranulocytosis |
