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9 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Diabetes Insipidus
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Hyposecretion of ADH. Kidney fail to reabsorb water. Polyuria, polydipsia, dehydration, inability to concentrate urine. Fatigue, muscle pain, weakness, hypotension, tachycardia. Intervention: Chlorpropamide (Diabinese), Vasopressin Tannate when severe.
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Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)
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Excess ADH is released. Water intoxication. Hyponateria. Signs of fluid overload, Wt gain, hypertension, tachycardia. Intervention: Restrict fluids, I/O. Diuretics, Demeclocycline (Declomycin)
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Addison’s Disease
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Hyposecretion of cortex hormones. Wt loss, GI disturbance, Menstrual changes, impotence in men, hypoglycemia, hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, hypercalcemia, Hypotension. Intervention: Life long gluccorticoid therapy. Diet high in protein and carbs.
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Addisonian crisis
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Acute adrenal insufficiency. Precipated by infection, trauma, surgery, withdrawal of corticosteroid use. Causes hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, hypoglycemia, and Shock. Intervention: glucocoticoids IV; hydrocortisone sodium succinate (Solu-Cortef)
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Cushing’s Disease
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Hypersecretion of glucocorticoids from adrenal gland. Moon face, buffalo trunk, generalized muscle wasting and weakness, Hirsutism, hyperglycemia, hypernatremia, hypokalemia, hypocalcemia, Hypertension
Intervention: high-protein, high potassium, low carb, low sodium, low calorie, monitor glucose level, Post-op care after adrenalectomy or hypophysectomy. |
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Pheochromocytoma
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Excessive catecholamine: (epinephrine + norepinephrine). 24 hour urine collocted for VMA, a by product of catecholamine. Persistent hypertension, Severe HA, hyperglycemia, palpitations, visual disturbances. Interventions: avoid emotional/ physical stress, coffe, stimulating food. Post-op care after adrenalectomy or hypophysectomy
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Adrenalectomy
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Pre-op: assess for electrolyte levels, administer glucocorticoids, monitor for hyperglycemia. Post-op: urine output: notify the MD if lower than 30ml/hr. monitor electrolyte, glucose levels, daily wt, monitor for hemorrhage, shock. Administer glucocorticoids and mineralcorticoids.
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Hypothyroidism
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Lethargy, fatigue, wt gain, cold intolerance, myxedemia, dry skin, hair loss. Intervention: levothyroxine sodium (Synthroid). Low calorie, low sodium, low chlosterol diet, provide warm environment, avoid sedates and opoid analgesics.
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Hyperthyroidism
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Cause by grave’s disease (goiter enlargement), Wt loss, palpitations, protruding eye balls, heat intolerance, diarrhea, tachycardia. Interventions: provide rest, cool environments, high-calorie diet, PTU (propylthiouricil) to block thyroid synthesis.
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