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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Oxytocin |
Used In labor and childbirth |
Positive feedback |
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Cortisol |
-produced by adrenal cortex -stimulated by ACTH -enhances gluconeogenesis and antagonizes insulin |
Regulates glucose level |
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Epinephrine |
-produced by attend adrenal medulla -stimulated by sympathetic nervous system -promotes glycogenolysis and fatty acid release from adipose tissue |
Regulates blood glucose |
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Thryoxine |
-produced by the thyroid gland -stimulated by TSH -promotes glycogenolysis & sugar absorption by intestines -metabolism |
Hyperthyroid- super skinny can't gain weight Hypothyroid-gain a weight too easily |
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Parathyroid |
-produce parathyroid hormone (PTH) - neg feedback -increases absorption from bones and GI, reduced kidney excretion of calcium |
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Thyroid |
-produces calcitonin - decreases calcium absorption from GI reabsorption in nephron -increases bone formation |
Tone it down (calcium) |
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Vitamin D |
Increases calcium and phosphate absorption |
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Female sexual development |
-starts with hypothalamus: produces go a dot roping releasing hormone (GnRH) -pituitary gland: produces follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) & Luteinizing hormone (LH) -ovaries produce two hormones: FSH leads to estrogen, essential b for female development and reproduction & LH leads to progesterone, helping develop uterus for fertility. |
Neg feedback |
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Estrogen |
Estrogen establishes the uterine wall. |
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Day 14 |
-hypothalmus allows a surge of LH -releases follicle which ryluptures the egg released (ovulation) & releases corpus luteum. -progesterone is released to maintain uterine wall (stops corpus luteum from atrophies) |
Women cycle |
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Pregnancy |
Increase in HCG (only available in first trisemester) will stop corpus luteum from rupturing |
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Birth control |
Increases in estrogen & progesterone. Stops (neg feedback) on GnRH |
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Male development |
- starts with hypothalamus: releases GnRH -anterior pituitary : releases FSH, LH -testes produces two reaction FSH triggers spermatogenesis & LH leads to testosterone, essential for male development. |
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Anterior pituitary |
-FSH: maturation of germ cells -LH: secretion of androgens -ACTH: secretion of corticosteriods -TSH: influences metabolism -prolactin: production and secretion of milk -Endorphins: pain GH: bone & muscle cell growth |
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Posterior pituitary |
-ADH: increases water reabsorption in kidney -Oxytocin: promotes uterine contraction, milk let down |
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Thyroid |
T3/T4: regulates basal metabolic rate Calcitonin: decreases calcium in blood |
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Parathyroid |
PTH: increases calcium in blood |
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Adrenal glands |
Glucocorticords- increase blood glucose -mineralcorticord- increases sodium reabsorption -cortical sex hormones- stimulate sexual differentiation -epinephrine/norepinephrine: active in fight or flight |
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Endocrine signaling |
-form cell to cell communication -hormones secreted directly into bloodstream -travel to distant locations to cause changes in cellular expression. |
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Paracrine |
-cell to cell communication to nearby cells through extracellular fluid |
Para- side by side |
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Juxatacrine |
-cell-cell communication between cells that are in close contact or directly adjacent |
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Autocrine |
Cell-cell communication where signals are released and accepted by same cell |
Auto - self |
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Peptide hormone |
-insulin -oxytocin -prolactin -vasopressin -Somatostatin Exception : glucagon & Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) |
It is insane how often a peptide begins or ends with "in" |
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Steriod hormones |
Precursor is cholesterol -testosterone -estradiol -aldosterone -glucocorticords Exception: estrogen |
Many of them end in one, ol, oids |
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Amino acid- derivatives |
-made from 1 or 2 amino acids -can act as steroid or peptide depending on structure |
-epinephrine/norepinephrine -thyroxine -triiodothyronine |
