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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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3 P's of diabetes
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Polyuria(increase urination)
Polydipsia (thirst) Polyphagia (hunger) |
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Hallmark of diabetes
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Hyperglycemia (elevated blood glucose levels)
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What does body use for energy when glucose is unavailable
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Lipid metabolism (In type I it can lead to ketoacidosis)
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Common cause of type I, and II diabetes
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Type I- B cell destruction. autoimmune
Type II- Insulin resistance. fat people |
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What does glucose in urine mean
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used for screening, not for Dx
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What are the oral anti-hyperglycemic drugs (Type II DM)
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Biguanides decrease hepatic glucose production and increase insulin sensitivity in cells (e.g. Metformin) |
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Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)
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Type 1 DM Acidosis pH of blood <7.3 fruity odor on breath Foamy urine Kussmaul respirations |
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Management for DKA and HHS
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IV insulin and isotonic saline |
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Sugar in urine during pregnancy
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Some is normal
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Thyrotoxicosis
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Hyperthyroidism or Graves disease
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What does high TSH mean
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Hyporthyrodism. Your patient probably has low levels of thyroid hormone
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Insulin shock May have... |
hypoglycemia. They may have a seizure |
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Management for Insulin shock |
d50W for unconscious patients, those with blood glucose level below 70 mg/dl, altered mental status |
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Tx for thyroid storm
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Tylenol for fever Beta blockers to slow heart rate No aspirin |
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SSx for Hashimoto's thyroiditis |
Hypothyroidism.
Cold intolerance, fatigue, weight gain, constipation |
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Rare complication of hypothyroidism |
Cretinism, most severe congenital form
Myxedeme coma is seen in patients with longstanding, untreated hypothyroidisms
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SSx of hypercalcemia (comes from too much PTH)
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Stones (kidney)
Bones Abdominal groans Psychic moans |
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Tx for hyperparathyroidism
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Surgical removal
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Cushing syndrome
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excess cortisol
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Addison's disease
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adrenocortical insufficiency -darking of skin in some places |
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SSx of pheochromocytoma
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paroxysm of sever hypertension
Sweating Headache tachycardia palpitations chest pain |
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What does too much and not enough ADH cause
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Too much- SIADH
Not enough- diabetes insipidus |
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Treatment for Pheochromocytoma
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Removal of tumor
May buy time with B-blocker |
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SSX acromegaly
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-Slow onset enlargement of hands, feet, skull(supraorbital ridge on forehead and prognathism of jaw), in adults
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Excess growth hormone from secreting tumor causes
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Acromegaly or gigantism
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SSx of hyperprolactinemia in women
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amenorrhea and galactorrhea
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