Endocrine 2- Mcat

Front 1

What hormones does the hypothalamus secrete and what is the target/effect?

Back 1

h-releasing and inhibiting factors
t-anterior pituitary
e-modify activity

Front 2

What are the six hormones of the aneterior pituitary?

Back 2

1. hGH (human growth hormone)
2. prolactin
3. TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone)
4. ACTH (adrenocortotropic hormone)
5. LH(lutenizing hormone)
6. FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone)

Front 3

What type of hormones are secreted by the anterior pituitary?

Back 3

peptide hormones

Front 4

What is the type of hormone, source, effect, Tropic?, and target of FSH (follicle stimulating hormone)

Back 4

T-peptide
S-anterior pituiary
E- maturation of follicles in female, sperm production in males
Tropic-yes
T-ovaries/testies

Front 5

What is the type of hormone, source, effect, Tropic?, and target of Lutenizing Hormone?

Back 5

Type-peptide
S-anterior pituitary
E-stimulates ovulation (f)
stimulates testosterone production(m)
Tr-yes (gonadotropic)
T-ovaries/testis

Front 6

What is the type of hormone, source, effect, Tropic?, and target of ACTH (adrenocoticotropic hormone)

Back 6

Type-peptide
S-anterior pituitary
E-stimulates growth and secretory activity of adrenal cortex
Tr-yes
Target-adrenals

Front 7

What is the type of hormone, source, effect, Tropic?, and target of TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone)

Back 7

Type-peptide
S-anterior pituitary
E-stimulates iodine uptake and thyroid hormone production. Tr-yes
Target-thyroid

Front 8

What is the type of hormone, source, effect, Tropic?, and target of Prolactin?

Back 8

Type-peptide
S-anterior pituitary
E-milk production
Tr-no
Target-breasts directly

Front 9

What is the type of hormone, source, effect, Tropic?, and target of hGH?

Back 9

Type-peptide
S-anterior pituitary
E-bone and muscle growth
Tr-no
Target-bone and muscles directly

Front 10

What are the two hormones that target the ovaries/testis and where are they produced?

Back 10

FSH (follicle stimulating hormone) and LH (lutenizing hormone)
produced in anterior pituitary

Front 11

What are the two hormones of the posterior pituitary?

Back 11

oxytocin and ADH (antidiuretic hormone or vasopressin)

Front 12

What is the type of hormone, source, effect, and target of ADH (antidiuretic hormone or vasopressin)?

Back 12

Ty-small polypeptide
S-synthesized in hypothalamus and stored in posterior pituitary
E-stimulates waster reabsorption to make more concentrated urine, increases bp.
T-kidneys (collecting ducts of nephron)

Front 13

What is the type of hormone, source, effect, and target of oxytocin

Back 13

Ty-small polypeptide
S-synthesized in hypothalamus and stored in posterior pituitary
E-milk ejection and uterine contraction
T-breats and uterus

Front 14

What are the two hormones secreted by the thyroid?

Back 14

Thyroid hormone (T3 and T4 or thyroxine) and calcitonin

Front 15

What is the type of hormone, source, effect, and target of Thyroid hormone (T3, T4, thyroxine)

Back 15

S-thyroid
E-increases metabolism C-nec. for phys and mental dev. A-inc met rate and temp
T-throughout body

Front 16

What is the type of hormone, source, effect, and target of calcitonin?

Back 16

T-peptide
S-thyroid
E-lowers blood calcium
Target-bone, kidney, small intestine

Front 17

What is the type of hormone, source, effect, and target of Parathyroid Hormone?

Back 17

S-Parathyroid
E-RAISES blood calcium, makes active form of vitamin D
T-bone, blood, small intestine

Front 18

What are the six GI hormones?

Back 18

gastrin, secretin, CCK, insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin

Front 19

What is the type of hormone, source, effect, and target of gastrin?

Back 19

S-stomach
E-increase H secretion (lowers pH), stimulate growth of gastric mucose
T-stomach

Front 20

What is the type of hormone, source, effect, and target of CCK?

Back 20

S-small intestine
E-inrease pH
T-pancreas, stomach

Front 21

What is the type of hormone, source, effect, and target of secretin?

Back 21

S-small intesine
E-increase pH in response to acidic chyme in small intestine. Also inhibits gastrin secretion by g cells in the stomach
T-stomach, small intestine

Front 22

What is the type of hormone, source, effect, and target of glucagon?

Back 22

S-pancreas
E-stim gluconeogenesis, thus inc blood glucose and dec fat storage
T-blood

Front 23

What is the type of hormone, source, effect and target of insulin?

Back 23

S-pancreas
E-facilitates glucose uptake by cells-lowers blood glucose and inc glycogen and fat storage
T-blood

Front 24

What is the type of hormone, source, effect, and target of somatostatin?

Back 24

S-pancreas
E-decrease insulin and glucagon secretion, inhibits digestive processes
T-gut via blood

Front 25

What are the three hormones of the adrenal cortex?

Back 25

glucocorticoids (cortisol), mineralcorticoids (aldosterone), and sex hormones (testosterone)

Front 26

What is the type of hormone, source, effect, and target of glucocorticoids (cortisone and cortisol)?

Back 26

T-steroid hormone
S-adrenal cortex
E-reduce immune and inflammatory response. inc. blood glucose and protein cat.
T-throughout body

Front 27

What is the type of hormone, source, effect, and target of mineralcorticoids (aldosterone)?

Back 27

T-steroid hormones
S-adrenal cortex
E-Na+ reabsorption by kidney thereby inc. b.p.
T-kidneys

Front 28

What is the type of hormone, effect, and target of sex hormones (testosterone) from adrenal cortex?

Back 28

T-steroid hormone
E-males-little,most test. comes from testis
females-masculinization, inc virility when overexp.
T-throughout body

Front 29

What is are the major hormones from the adrenal medulla?

Back 29

catecholamines-epinephrine, norepinephrine

Front 30

What is the type of hormone, source, effect, and target of catecholines (Epi and norepi)?

Back 30

T-amino acid (tyrosine derivative)
S-adrenal medulla
E-sympathetic response
T-throughout body

Front 31

What is the type of hormone, source, effect, and target of calcitonin?

Back 31

T-peptide
S-thyroid
E-lowers blood calcium
Target-bone, kidney, small intestine

Front 32

What is the type of hormone, source, effect, and target of Parathyroid Hormone?

Back 32

S-Parathyroid
E-RAISES blood calcium, makes active form of vitamin D
T-bone, blood, small intestine

Front 33

What are the six GI hormones?

Back 33

gastrin, secretin, CCK, insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin

Front 34

What is the type of hormone, source, effect, and target of gastrin?

Back 34

S-stomach
E-increase H secretion (lowers pH), stimulate growth of gastric mucose
T-stomach

Front 35

What is the type of hormone, source, effect, and target of CCK?

Back 35

S-small intestine
E-inrease pH
T-pancreas, stomach

Front 36

What is the type of hormone, source, effect, and target of secretin?

Back 36

S-small intesine
E-increase pH
T-stomach, pancreas

Front 37

What is the type of hormone, source, effect, and target of glucagon?

Back 37

S-pancreas
E-stim gluconeogenesis, thus inc blood glucose and dec fat storage
T-blood

Front 38

What is the type of hormone, source, effect and target of insulin?

Back 38

S-pancreas
E-facilitates glucose uptake by cells-lowers blood glucose and inc glycogen and fat storage
T-blood

Front 39

What is the type of hormone, source, effect, and target of somatostatin?

Back 39

S-pancreas
E-decrease insulin and glucagon secretion, inhibits digestive processes
T-gut via blood

Front 40

What are the three hormones of the adrenal cortex?

Back 40

glucocorticoids (cortisol), mineralcorticoids (aldosterone), and sex hormones (testosterone)

Front 41

What is the type of hormone, source, effect, and target of glucocorticoids (cortisone and cortisol)?

Back 41

T-steroid hormone
S-adrenal cortex
E-reduce immune and inflammatory response. inc. blood glucose and protein cat.
T-throughout body

Front 42

What is the type of hormone, source, effect, and target of mineralcorticoids (aldosterone)?

Back 42

T-steroid hormones
S-adrenal cortex
E-Na+ reabsorption by kidney thereby inc. b.p.
T-kidneys

Front 43

What is the type of hormone, effect, and target of sex hormones (testosterone) from adrenal cortex?

Back 43

T-steroid hormone
E-males-little,most test. comes from testis
females-masculinization, inc virility when overexp.
T-throughout body

Front 44

What is are the major hormones from the adrenal medulla?

Back 44

catecholamines-epinephrine, norepinephrine

Front 45

What is the type of hormone, source, effect, and target of catecholines (Epi and norepi)?

Back 45

T-amino acid (tyrosine derivative)
S-adrenal medulla
E-sympathetic response
T-throughout body

Front 46

What is the type of hormone, effect, and target of testosterone from the testis?

Back 46

T-steroid hormone
E-male characteristics, spermatogenesis, closing of epiphyseal plates
T-throughout body

Front 47

What is the type of hormone, source, effect, and target of estrogen?

Back 47

T-steroid
S-ovaries
E-female characteristics, stimulated follicular phase and endometrial growth
T-body, ovaries, and uterus

Front 48

What is the source, effect, and target of hCG?

Back 48

S-placenta
E-stimulates corpus luteum to to grow and release estrogen and progetsterone to prevent menstruation and maintain uterus during preg
T-ovaries and uterus