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18 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
connection of hypothalamus to anterior pituitary?
vascular connection

capillary/portal system-->rapid
connection of hypothalamus to posterior pituitary?
Neuronal connection

axon traverses all the way to the posterior pituitary

axon terminates on venules
2 major hormones released by posterior pituitary?
ADH

Oxytocin
activities of ADH? (there are 3, but 1 is major)
1) Increase water uptake by kidney
affects collecting duct
V2 receptor mediated: Gs – cAMP
aquaporin -2
increased synthesis
insertion into plasma membrane

2) arterial and venous constriction

3)stimulate ACTH
what leads to the release of ADH?
increase in ECF osmolality
secretion of oxytocin stimulated by?
Suckling: spinal cord, spinothalamic tract, brainstem/midbrain, PVN

Estradiol (progesterone withdrawal)

Fergusson reflex (female body's response to pressure application in the cervix and/or vaginal walls. Upon application of pressure, oxytocin is released and uterine contractions are stimulated )
activities of oxytocin? 2

mediated by what receptor?
Lactation

Uterine contractions

mediated by a Gq receptor
slide 16 is nice for hypothalamic NT and action in anterior pituitary
feel free to look at it
how is prolactin released?
tonic inhibition by dopamine from hypothalamus

must relieve it

this leads to prolactin release from pituitary
FEEDBACK LOOPS ON 17
if you do this now it could save you time later... your call
GH is very pulsitile, what allows it to have an extended effect?
there are high and low affinity binding proteins in circulation that extend the half life
major function of GH?
Stimulates linear growth (directly and indirectly via IGF-1) (IGF 1 is what actually leads to the growth)
somatostatin is a peptide hormone that is cleaved and has activity in both the GI and brain...what is its activity?
Inhibits release of
GH, PRL, and TSH from pituitary
Insulin and glucagon from pancreas
Secretions from enteroendocrine cells
draw the feedback loop for ACTH

including the pituitary cell, trophic hormone, target organ, target hormone, and action
draw the feedback loop for TSH

including the pituitary cell, trophic hormone, target organ, target hormone, and action
draw the feedback loop that starts with GnRH

including the pituitary cell, trophic hormone, target organ, target hormone, and action
draw the feedback loop that starts with GHRH

including the pituitary cell, trophic hormone, target organ, target hormone, and action
Draw the feedback loop for prolactin