Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
A deficiency in which hormones can cause short stature?
|
GH
TSH GHRH IGF-1 |
|
|
Growth hormone deficiency Disease
|
Tertiary -> Defective hypothalamic release of GHRH
Secondary -> Insufficient GH from pituitary Primary -> Failure of IGF-1 secretion in response to GH |
|
|
Somatropin
|
Recombinant human Growth Hormone
|
|
|
Somatrem
|
Recombinant human Growth Hormone
|
|
|
Growth Hormone clinical use
|
GH deficiency in children
Short stature AIDS-associated wasting Short bowel syndrome associated malabsorption |
|
|
GH Adverse effects
|
Adults -> Edema, carpel tunnel, myalgias/arthralgias
Children -> Scoliosis, hypothyroidism, intracranial HTN |
|
|
Intracranial HTN MOA?
|
Side effect of GH in children
Increase in IGF-1 causes more binding to IGF-1R on choroid plexus -> ^ CSF production = ^ intracranial pressure |
|
|
Mecasermin
|
Complex of IGF-1 & IGFBP-1 (binding protein)
|
|
|
Mecasermin clinical use?
|
Severe primary IGF-1 deficiency
|
|
|
Mecasermin adverse effects
|
Hypoglycemia
Eat 20 mins before or after |
|
|
What inhibits the release of GH from the pituitary?
|
GH
IGF-1 Somatostatin |
|
|
Octreotide
|
GH antagonist/somatostatin analogue
|
|
|
Lanreotide
|
GH antagonist/somatostatin analogue
|
|
|
What is the difference between somatostatin & octreotide
|
Octreotide has lots of effect (45X) on inhibition of GH release, but minimal effects (2x) on inhibit of glucagon, insulin, & gastrin release
Somatostatin is equal |
|
|
Octreotide/Lanreotide clinical use
|
Acromegaly or gigantism
Carcinoid syndrome Diarrhea from pancreatic VIPoma |
|
|
Octreotide/Lanreotide MOA in Acromegaly
|
Binds somatostatin receptor in pituitary and inhibits GH release
|
|
|
Octreotide/Lanreotide MOA in Carcinoid Syndrome or diarrhea from VIPoma
|
Binds the somatostatin receptor on neuroendocrine tumors and inhibits release of the hormones causing the symptoms
|
|
|
Octreotide/Lanreotide Adverse effects
|
Inhibit gallbladder contraction -> Gallstones
Decrease bile secretion -> Gallstones Inhibit secretion of insulin & glucagon ->Hyper & Hypoglycemia Inhibit thyrotropin secretion -> Hypothyroidism Altered GI absorption of fat -> Steatorrhea |
|
|
Pegvisomant
|
GH receptor antagonist
|
|
|
Pegcisomant use and MOA
|
Acromegaly
Blocks GH receptors on the liver (mainly), reducing the amount of IGF-1 released |
|
|
Bromocriptine & MOA
|
Dopamine agonist
High levels -> Decreases GH release from pituitary |
|
|
Cabergoline & MOA
|
Dopamine agonist
High levels -> Decreases GH release from pituitary |
|
|
Why does a prolactinoma cause amenorrhea, infertility, loss of libido, and galactorrhea?
|
Prolactin normally prevent pregnancy while lactating (amenorrhea/infertility)
|
|
|
What inhibits prolactin secretion from the pituitary?
|
Dopamine
|
|
|
Which dopamine agonist do you use with pregnancy?
|
Bromocriptine
|
|
|
Which dopamine agonist has a longer half-life with fewer side effects?
|
Cabergoline
|
|
|
What would cabergoline do for a pre-menopausal woman with a prolactinoma?
|
Decrease serum prolactin
Shrink tumor Restore ovulation |
|
|
Dopamine agonist side-effects
|
NV
CNS EFFECTS -> psychosis/hallucinations/nightmares |
|
|
Psychosis or hallucinations, what drug?
|
Dopamine agonist
Bromocriptine Cabergoline |
