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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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which fractures are have the most increased risk of morality in postmenopausal women
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hip, spine
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where to compression fractions of the spine occur in osteoporosis
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ventral side of the spine
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osteoporosis vs osteomalacia
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osteoprosis is decreased amount of bone (bone that is made is still normal)
osteomalcia is disorder of mineralization - abnormal bone made |
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bone strength =
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bone architecture + bone density
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T/F osteoporosis is asymptomatic
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true - unless it results in fracture
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T/F plane films are useful diagnostic tool for osteoprosis
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false
only detects if severe |
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how do you measure fracture risk osteoprosis
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DEXA scan for bone mineral density is best predictor of fracture risk
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T-score
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comparison of bone mineral density against a young normal adult
used to define osteoporosis |
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Z-score
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aged matched comparison
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osteopenia t-score
osteoporosis t-score |
between 1 and 2.5 SDs below the norm
greater than 2.5 SDs below the norm |
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a young adult with a tscore 2.5 SDs below the norm likely has
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secondary osteoporosis (secondary to some other illness)
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T/F biomarkers are often used for osteoporosis diagnosis
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false
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secondary causes of osteoporosis
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endogenous or exogenous steroids
hypogonadism hyperthyroidism hyperparathyroidism vit D deficiency GI malabsorption drugs - heparin, alch myeloma |
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bone density in adults over time depends on
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peak bone density achieved during development
subsequent rate of loss |
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osteoporosis fractures in adult males is usually where?
in women? |
males - hip
women - vertebrae, hip, colles |
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osteoprosis fracture risk
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defined by bone mineral density and fall risk
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screening for osteoporosis
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women > 65
men not shown any benefit to screen |
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who to treat for osteoprosis
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if there is a hip or vertebral fraction
t score < 2.5 |
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what is the treatment for osteoporosis
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bisphosphonates
watch for esophageal ulcers, jaw osteonecrosis, femoral fractures rarely used: estrogen SERMs PTH |
