Emt Terms Chapter 26 Head And Spine Injuries

Front 1

Inability to remember events after an injury.

Back 1

anterograde (posttraumatic) amnesia

Front 2

basilar skull fractures

Back 2

Usually occur following diffuse impact to the head (such as falls, motor vehicle crashes); generally result from extension of a linear fracture to the base of the skull and can be difficult to diagnose with a radiograph (x-ray).

Front 3

Bruising behind an ear over the mastoid process that may indicate a skull fracture.

Back 3

Battle's sign

Front 4

Swelling of the brain.

Back 4

cerebral edema

Front 5

Injury in which the brain has been injured but the skin has not been broken and there is no obvious bleeding.

Back 5

closed head injury

Front 6

A temporary loss or alteration of part or all of the brain's abilities to function without actual physical damage to the brain.

Back 6

concussion

Front 7

Nerves in the spinal cord that connect the motor and sensory nerves.

Back 7

connecting nerves

Front 8

Dual impacting of the brain into the skull; coup injury occurs at the point of impact; contrecoup injury occurs on the opposite side of impact, as the brain rebounds.

Back 8

coup-contrecoup injury

Front 9

The action of pulling the spine along its length.

Back 9

distraction

Front 10

An accumulation of blood between the skull and the dura mater.

Back 10

epidural hematoma

Front 11

A head position in which the patient's eyes are looking straight ahead and the head and torso are in line.

Back 11

eyes-forward position

Front 12

The recommended procedure for moving a patient with a suspected spinal injury from the ground to a long backboard.

Back 12

four-person log roll

Front 13

The cushion that lies between two vertebrae.

Back 13

intervertebral disk

Front 14

Bleeding within the brain tissue (parenchyma) itself; also referred to as an intraparenchymal hematoma.

Back 14

intracerebral hematoma

Front 15

The pressure within the cranial vault.

Back 15

intracranial pressure (ICP)

Front 16

Actions of the body that are not under a person's conscious control.

Back 16

involuntary activities

Front 17

Account for 80% of skull fractures; also referred to as nondisplaced skull fractures; commonly occur in the temporal-parietal region of the skull; not associated with deformities to the skull.

Back 17

linear skull fractures

Front 18

Three distinct layers of tissue that surround and protect the brain and the spinal cord within the skull and the spinal canal.

Back 18

meninges

Front 19

Injury to the head often caused by a penetrating object in which there may be bleeding and exposed brain tissue.

Back 19

open head injury

Front 20

An injury to the brain and its associated structures that is a direct result of impact to the head.

Back 20

primary (direct) injury

Front 21

Bruising under the eyes that may indicate a skull fracture.

Back 21

raccoon eyes

Front 22

The inability to remember events leading up to a head injury.

Back 22

retrograde amnesia

Front 23

The "after effects" of the primary injury; includes abnormal processes such as cerebral edema, increased intracranial pressure, cerebral ischemia and hypoxia, and infection; onset is often delayed following the primary brain injury.

Back 23

secondary (indirect) injury

Front 24

Bleeding into the subarachnoid space, where the cerebrospinal fluid circulates

Back 24

subarachnoid hemorrhage

Front 25

An accumulation of blood beneath the dura mater but outside the brain.

Back 25

subdural hematoma

Front 26

A partial or incomplete dislocation.

Back 26

subluxation

Front 27

A traumatic insult to the brain capable of producing physical, intellectual, emotional, social, and vocational changes.

Back 27

traumatic brain injury (TBI)

Front 28

Actions that we consciously perform, in which sensory input or conscious thought determines a specific muscular activity.

Back 28

voluntary activities