Emt Human Body Terms

Front 1

ANATOMY

Back 1

the structure of the human body

Front 2

PHYSIOLOGY

Back 2

the function of the living human body and its parts

Front 3

ANATOMICAL POSITION

Back 3

The patient is erect, facing forward, with arms down at sides and palms forward

Front 4

LATERAL RECUMBENT POSITION (recovery)

Back 4

Patient lying on left or right side. Turn every 30 mins.

Front 5

FOWLER'S POSITION

Back 5

Patient is on back with upper body elevated at a 45-60 Degree angle.

Front 6

SEMI-FOWLER'S POSITION

Back 6

Patient is on back with upper body elevated at an angle less then 45 Degrees.

Front 7

TRENDELENBURG POSITION

Back 7

Patient is lying on back with legs elevated higher then head and body is on inclined plane (head down, legs up).
SHOCK MANAGEMENT

Front 8

OCCIPITAL

Back 8

Back of head

Front 9

CRANIAL

Back 9

Front of head
Also full head

Front 10

SCAPULA

Back 10

Shoulder blades

Front 11

POPLITERAL REGION

Back 11

Behind knee

Front 12

PLANTAR ASPECT

Back 12

Bottom of foot

Front 13

DORSUM

Back 13

Top of foot

Front 14

CLAVICLE

Back 14

Collar Bone

Front 15

XIPHOID PROCESS

Back 15

Small bone at end of sternum

Front 16

ANGLE OF LOUIS

Back 16

Center of sternum

Front 17

MANUBRIUM

Back 17

Top of sternum

Front 18

UNILATERAL

Back 18

One side

Front 19

IPSILATERAL

Back 19

Same side

Front 20

CONTRALATERAL

Back 20

Opposite side

Front 21

BILATERAL

Back 21

Both sides

Front 22

PLANTAR

Back 22

Sole of foot

Front 23

PALMAR

Back 23

Palm of hand

Front 24

LIGAMENTS

Back 24

Connects bone to bone

Front 25

TENDONS

Back 25

Connects muscle to bone

Front 26

APICAL PULSE

Back 26

Pulse felt over left side of chest, over left ventricle. Not to be used for assessment in heart or blood volume

Front 27

PITUITARY GLAND

Back 27

Master gland located at base of the brain

Front 28

Which organ contains Islets of Langerhans that are responsible for producing insulin?

Back 28

Pancreas

Front 29

Whats solid organ helps filter and stores blood in case of emergency located in upper left quadrant of abdomen?

Back 29

Spleen

Front 30

Urine is carried from kidneys to bladder through which structure?

Back 30

Ureters

Front 31

4 FUNCTIONS OF THE SKELETAL SYSTEM?

Back 31

Gives Body Shape
Protects vital organs
Allows Movement
Stores minerals and produces blood cells

Front 32

How many components does the Skeletal System have? Name them.

Back 32

6 Components
Skull
Spinal Column
Thorax
Pelvis
Upper/Lower Extremities

Front 33

Parts of the Cranium

Back 33

Occipital
2 Parietal
2 Temporal
and Frontal

Front 34

How many bones in the face?

Back 34

14 Bones in face.

Front 35

ORBITS

Back 35

Eyesockets

Front 36

MAXILLAE

Back 36

Fused bones of the upper jaw

Front 37

MANDIBLE

Back 37

Lower jaw.

*Only moveable facial bone.

Front 38

How many vertebrae does the human body have

Back 38

33 Vertebrae

Front 39

CERVICAL SPINE

Back 39

The Neck.
7 first vertebrae
C1-C7

Front 40

THORACIC SPINE

Back 40

Upper back
12 second set of vertebrae
T1-T12

Front 41

LUMBAR SPINE

Back 41

Lower back
5 third set of vertebrae
L1-L5

Front 42

SACRAL SPINE

Back 42

Back wall of pelvis
4 fourth set of vertebrae
S1-S4

Front 43

COCCYX
(pronounced kok-siks)

Back 43

Tailbone
4 fifth and final set of vertebrae
Fused with Sacral V's.

Front 44

How many rib are in a human body?

Back 44

24 Ribs in a human body, 12 on each side of Thorax.
The first seven are attached to sternum (true ribs). The next three pair are attached by cartilage (floating ribs). Last two are not attached (false ribs).

Front 45

ILIAC CREST

Back 45

Wings of the pelvis

Front 46

ISCHIUM

Back 46

In posterior and inferior protion of pelvis

Front 47

ACETABULUM

Back 47

The rounded space wear the BALL JOINT of the top of the femur fits into the pelvis

Front 48

PATELLA

Back 48

Kneecap

Front 49

TIBIA

Back 49

Shin

Front 50

FIBULA

Back 50

Thinner bone that extends lateral of the shin almost into the calf.

Front 51

MALLEOLUS

Back 51

Knobby surfaces of the ankle

Hint 51

dont sprain this

Front 52

CALCANEUS

Back 52

Heel bone

Front 53

TARSALS

Back 53

Make up proximal part of foot

Front 54

ILIUM

Back 54

Hip

Front 55

HUMERUS

Back 55

Upper arm bone

*Largest bone in upper extrmity

Front 56

ULNA

Back 56

Forearm bone on the pinky finger side.

Front 57

RADIUS

Back 57

Forearm bone on thumb side.

Front 58

OLECRANON

Back 58

Part of ulna that forms bony part of elbow.

Front 59

CARPALS

Back 59

8 Bones that make up wrist

Front 60

METACARPALS

Back 60

Bones that make up fingers and thumbs

Front 61

PHALANGES

Back 61

Bones in fingers.
Three per finger, two per thumb.

Front 62

PHARYNX

Back 62

Throat

Front 63

TRACHEA

Back 63

Windpipe

Front 64

ESOPHAGUS

Back 64

Pipe that leads to stomach

Front 65

LARYNX

Back 65

Houses vocal chords

Front 66

CAROTIOD ARTERY

Back 66

On left and right side of neck

Front 67

BRACHIAL ARTERY

Back 67

Found medial to bicep muscle.
Center of upper arm

Front 68

RADIAL ARTERY

Back 68

Found at wrist

Front 69

FEMORAL ARTERY

Back 69

Found on inside of femur

Front 70

DORSAL PEDIS

Back 70

Found on top of foot

Front 71

JUGULAR

Back 71

Vein found on side of neck

Front 72

TRICUSPID VALVE

Back 72

Valve between Right Atrium and Right Ventricle.
*Three piece valve

Front 73

BICUSPID VALVE
(aka Mitral Vavle)

Back 73

Valve between left atrium and left ventricle.
*Two piece valve

Front 74

CORONARY ARTERIES

Back 74

Vessels that supply the heart with blood

Front 75

VENULES

Back 75

Smallest branch of veins. Connected to distal ends of capillaries.

Front 76

VEINS

Back 76

Carries blood back to heart.

Front 77

ARTERIES

Back 77

Carries blood into body.

Front 78

GLUCOSE

Back 78

Sugar
*The main nutrient and yields the most energy when metabolized by cells

Front 79

THE CEREBRUM

WHAT DOES IT CONTROL?

Back 79

Outermost portion of brain.

Controls sensation, thought, and associated memory. Initiated motions that of concious control

Front 80

THE CEREBELLUM

WHAT DOES IT CONTROL?

Back 80

aka Small Brain
Located in posterior and inferior part of cranium.
Coordinates muscle activity and maintains balance through impulses from eyes and ears.

Front 81

BRAINSTEM CONTAINS

Back 81

Contains mesecephalon, the pons, and medulla oblongata.

Front 82

MEDULLA OBLONGATA

Back 82

Has 3 Centers:
Respiratory - Controls rate/depth of respiration.

Cardiac - Responsible for regulating heart rate and force of contraction of ventricules.

Vasomotor - Controls blood pressure

Hint 82

Has 3 parts

Front 83

What makes up the Central Nervos System (CNS)

Back 83

The brain and spinal column

Front 84

ALPHA 1

Back 84

Causes the vessels to constrict (vasoconstriction).

Blood is shunted to the core of the body, warm red blood is no longer in large quantities in skin giving it a white-ish color.

Front 85

ALPHA 2

Back 85

Effects are thought to release alpha 1.

Front 86

BETA 1

Back 86

Effects all relate to heart. Will increase heart rate, increase the force of cardiac contaction, and speed up electrical impulses

Hint 86

think of the pump

Front 87

BETA 2

Back 87

Effects will cause smooth muscle to dilate, especially in bronchioles and in other vessels

Hint 87

reverse of alpha 1 in a way...

Front 88

EPIDERMIS

Back 88

Outer most layer of skin.

*actually made up of 4 layers, most of which is dead skin cells.

Front 89

DERMIS

Back 89

Second layer of skin, much thicker then epidermis. Contains vast network of blood vessels that supply skin as well as hair follicles, oil glands, and sensory nerves.
Gives skin elasticity

Front 90

SUBCUTANEOUS LAYER

Back 90

Bottom layer of Skin.
Varies in thickness, its connective tissue.

Front 91

ALIMENTARY TRACT

Back 91

The passage which food travels

Front 92

ACCESSORY ORGANS

Back 92

Help prepare food for absorption

Front 93

PANCREAS

Back 93

Flat solid organ that lies inferior and posterior of stomach. Secretes Pancreatic Juices that aid in digestion of fats, starches, and
proteins.
*Islets of Langerhans secrete insulin

Front 94

LIVER

Back 94

Largest solid organ in the abdomen, lies right below diaphram. Produces bile which aids in digestion of fat.

Stores sugar until it is needed.

Also produces components for immune function, blood clotting, and production of plasma

Front 95

SPLEEN

Back 95

Solid organ helps filtration of the blood and serves as a resivior of blood the body can use in an emergency.

*No digestive function

Front 96

GALLBLADDER

Back 96

Hollow organ (pouch). Part of the bile duct from the liver. Acts as resivior of bile.

Front 97

SMALL INTESTINE

Back 97

Made up of duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. Recieves food and secretions and continues digestion. Nutrients are absorbed throught the walls of the small intestine.

Front 98

LARGE INTESTINE
(colon)

Back 98

Parts of food that cant be absorbed by the body are passed as waste products, their water is absorbed, and they are passed as stool.

Front 99

WHAT ORGANS ARE IN THE RUQ?

Back 99

Liver

Gallbladder

Head of pancreas

Right kidney and adrenal

Front 100

WHAT ORGANS ARE IN THE LUQ?

Back 100

Body of pancreas

Stomach

Spleen

Left lobe of liver

Left kidney and adrenal

Splenic flexure of colo

Front 101

WHAT ORGANS ARE IN THE RLQ?

Back 101

Appendix

Right ureter

Front 102

WHAT ORGANS ARE IN THE LLQ?

Back 102

Left ureter

Front 103

How to remember RUQ & LUQ organ positions?

Back 103

LGPSS

From looking at patient:

L-Liver
G-Gallbladder
P-pancrease head
------- the midline
P-pancrease body
S-Stomach
S-spleen

Just remember the pancrease is on both sides but is mostly on the left quandrant side.