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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Pharynx |
muscular tube extending from nose and mouth to the trachea |
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Mediastinum |
space between lungs, contains: heart, great vessels, esophagus, trachea, major bronchi, many nerves. |
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glottis |
is space between vocal cords and the narrowest portion of an adult airway
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phrenic nerve |
controls diaphragm |
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minute ventilation |
is the amount of air moved by the lungs in one minute
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residual volume |
the amount of air left after maximum exhallation |
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exhalation |
passive, not alot of muscular effort, muscles relax, smaller thorax compresses air into lung |
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PH of cerebrial spinal fluid |
regulates ventilation, related to level of CO2, failure to meet O2 needs = hypoxia |
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oxygenation |
O2 binding to hemoglobin, required for internal respiration, no guarantee though. |
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External respiration |
fresh air into lungs |
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internal respiration |
exchange of gases between circulatory system and cells |
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chemoreceptors do? |
monitor O2, CO2, H+, and ph of Cerebrospinal fluid |
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factors affecting pulmonary ventillation |
intrinsicly: infection, allergic reaction, unresponsive/ tounge obstruction extrinsically: trauma, foreign body obstruction |
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Factors affecting respiration |
external: decreased atmospheric pressure at high altitudes internal: pneumonia, copd |
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Agonal resp |
heart stopped still breathing |
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cheyne-stoke |
stroke and head injury |
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ataxic |
irregular and unidentifiable |
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kussmaul |
deep, gasping |
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oropharyngeal airway |
prevents tounge blockage, and easier to suction, mouth to earlobe. USE: Unresponsive without gag, apneic being ventilated with BVM Dont: conscious, gag intact |
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Nasopharyngeal airway |
USE: unresponsive/ altered, gag intact, unable to maintain own air way spontaneously. Nose to Earlobe, bevel faces septum. Don't: sever head injury, history of fractured nasa bone |
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suctioning portable or fixed |
widebore, thick walls, non kink tube, plastic, rigid pharyngeal suction tips, non rigid palstic catheters, a non breakable collection bottle, water supply to rinse tips, pressure at more that 300mmhg |
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Suction times |
Adult-15, child-10, infants-5 |
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Nonrebreather |
prefered, combines mask and resevoir bag, 10-15 L/min, remove mask when O2 stops, 100% O2 |
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Nasal cannulas |
24-44% O2, 1-6 L/min |
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CPAP indications and contra indications |
Indication: patient alert and able to follow commands, display signs of moderate to severe distress, rapid breathing, pulse Ox < 90% Contra: in resp arrest, pneumothorax signs/chest trauma, tracheostomy, gastric bleeding or vomiting, unable to follow commands |
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Children head sizes |
much larger and can require more positioning of airway, also tounge is proportionally larger. |
