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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
anterograde amnesia
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Inability to remember events after an injury
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Autonomic nervous system
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The part of the nervous system regulates functions that are not controlled by the conscious will, such as digestion and sweating
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Battle's sign
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Bruising behind the ear over the mastoid process that may indicate skull fracture
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Brainstem
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The part of the central nervous system that controls virtually all functions that are necessary for life, including the cardiac and respiratory systems
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Central nervous system
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The brain and spinal cord
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Cerebellum
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Part of the brain coordinates body movements
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Cerebrum
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Largest part of the brain, containing about 75% of the brain's total volume
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Closed head injury
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Injury in which the brain has been injured but the skin has not been broken and there is no obvious bleeding
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Concussion
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A temporary loss or alteration of part or all of the brain's abilities to function without actual physical damage to the brain
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Connecting nerves
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Nerves in the spinal cord to connect the motor and sensory nerves
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Distraction
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The action of pulling the spine along its length
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Eyes-forward position
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A head position in which the patient's eyes are looking straight ahead and head and torso are in line
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Four-person log roll
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The recommended procedure for moving a patient with suspected spinal injury from the ground into a long backboard
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Glasgow Coma Scale
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A method of evaluating level of consciousness that uses a scoring system for neurologic responses to specific stimuli.
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intervertebral disk
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the cushion that lies between two vertebrae
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involuntary activities
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the actions that we do not consciously control
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meninges
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Three distinct layers of tissue that surround and protect the brain and the spinal cord within the skull and the spinal canal.
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Motor nerves
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Nerves that carry information from the central nervous system to the muscles of the body
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open head injury
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injury to the head often caused by a penetrating object in which there may be bleeding and exposed brain tissue
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peripheral nervous system
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the 31 pairs of spinal nerves and 12 pairs of cranial nerves that link the body to the CNS
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raccoon eyes
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bruising under the eyes that may indicate skull fractures
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retrograde amnesia
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the inability to remember events leading up to a head injury
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sensory nerves
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Nerves that transmit sensory inputs such as touch, taste, heat, cold, and pain, from the periphery to the central nervous system.
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somatic nervous system
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The part of the nervous system that regulates our voluntary activities, such as walking, talking, and writing.
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voluntary activities
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Actions we consciously perform, in which sensory input or conscious thought determine a specific muscular activity.
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cerebral edema
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brain swelling
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What are the three layers of meninges?
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The dura matur, the arachnoid, and Pia matur
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What pressures are considered hypertensive emergency
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Over 150 systolic
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Damage to what vertebrae will cause quadraparalysis?
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C 5-6
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Damage to what vertebrae will cause paraparalysis?
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L1
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Above what value should pulse oximeter values be maintained
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95%
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What are the parts of Cushing's triad
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Blood pressure up, pulse down, irregular respirations
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What type of intracranial hematoma is beneath the dura but outside the brain
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A subdural hematoma
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What type of intracranial hematoma is within the substance of the brain tissue itself
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An inter-cerebral hemorrhage
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What type of intracranial hematoma is outside the dura and under the skull
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An epidural hematoma
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Above which vertebra will spinal damage caused diaphragm to stop contracting
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C3
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How many bones in the spinal column
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33
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What is the name of the only joint in the skull
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Temporomandibular joint
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Name the six bones of the face
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Mandible; the two maxilla; the two zygoma; and the nasal bone
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Name the bones of the cranium
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Frontal bone; parietal bone; temporal bone; occipital bone
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What is the bone that juts out just behind the ear canal
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The mastoid process
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What is the sympathetic nervous system
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It reacts to the stress would fight-or-flight response. This response causes the pupils to dilate smooth muscles in the lungs to dilate, heart rate to increase, blood pressure to rise, and also causes the body to shunt blood to vital organs into skeletal muscle
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What is the parasympathetic nervous system
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Has the opposite effect of the sympathetic nervous system; causing blood vessels to dilate, slowing the heart rate, relaxing the muscle sphincters. The body also shunts blood to the organs of digestion.
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What makes up the inside of the cranium
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80% brain; 10% blood supply; and 10% cerebrospinal fluid
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What's at the bottom of the skull that allows the spinal column to pass through it
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foramen magnum
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