Emt-B Chapter 2

Front 1

Acute stress reactions

Back 1

Reaction to stress that occurs during a stressful situation

Front 2

Airborne transmission

Back 2

The spread of an organism in aerosol form.

Front 3

Bloodborne pathogens

Back 3

Pathogenic microoganisms that are present in human blood and can cause disease in humans. These pathogens include, but are not limited to, hepatitis B virus and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

Front 4

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

Back 4

The primary federal agency that conducts and supports public health activities in the United States. The CDC is part of the US Department of Health and Human Services.

Front 5

Communicable disease

Back 5

A disease that can be spread from one person or species to another.

Front 6

Contamination

Back 6

The presence of infectious organisms on or in objects such as dressings, water, food, needles, wounds, or a patient's body.

Front 7

Cover and concealment

Back 7

The tactical use of an impenetrable barrier for protection.

Front 8

Critical incident stress management (CISM)

Back 8

A process that confronts the responses to critical incidents and defuses them, directing the emergency services personnel toward physical and emotional equilibrium.

Front 9

Cumulative stress reactions

Back 9

Prolonged or excessive stress.

Front 10

Delayed stress reactions

Back 10

Reaction to stress that occurs after a stressful situation.

Front 11

Designated officer

Back 11

The individual in the department who is charged with the responsibility of managing exposures and infection control issues.

Front 12

Direct contact

Back 12

Exposure or transmission of a communicable disease from one person to another by physical contact.

Front 13

Exposure

Back 13

A situation in which a person has had contact with blood, body fluids, tissues, or airborne particles in a manner that suggests disease transmission may occur.

Front 14

Foodborne transmission

Back 14

The contamination of food or water with an organism that can cause disease.

Front 15

General adaptation syndrome

Back 15

The body's response to stress that begins with an alarm response, followed by a stage of reaction and resistance, and then recovery or, if the stress is prolonged, exhaustion.

Front 16

Hepatitis

Back 16

Inflammation of the liver, usually caused by a viral infection, that causes fever, loss of appetite, jaundice, fatigue, and altered liver function.

Front 17

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

Back 17

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is caused by HIV, which damages the cells in the body's immune system so that the body is unable to fight infection or certain cancers.

Front 18

Host

Back 18

the organism or individual that is attacked by the infecting agent.

Front 19

Immune

Back 19

The body's ability to protect itself from acquiring a disease.

Front 20

Indirect contact

Back 20

Exposure or transmission of disease from one person to another by contact with a contaminated object.

Front 21

Infection

Back 21

The abnormal invasion of a host or host tissues by organisms such as bacteria, viruses, or parasites, with or without signs or symptoms of disease.

Front 22

Infection control

Back 22

Procedures to reduce transmission of infection among patients and health care personnel.

Front 23

Infectious disease

Back 23

A medical condition caused by the growth and spread of small, harmful organisms within the body.

Front 24

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)

Back 24

The federal regulatory compliance agency that develops, publishes, and enforces guidelines concerning safety in the workplace.

Front 25

Pathogen

Back 25

A microorganism that is capable of causing disease in a susceptible host.

Front 26

Personal protective equipment (PPE)

Back 26

Protective equipment that OSHA requires to be made available to the EMT. In the case of infection risk, PPE blocks entry of an organism into the body.

Front 27

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

Back 27

A delayed stress reaction to a prior incident. this delayed reaction is often the result of one or more unresolved issues concerning the incident.

Front 28

Transmission

Back 28

The way in which an infectious disease is spread: Contact, airborne, by vehicles, or by vectors.

Front 29

Standard precautions

Back 29

Protective measures that have traditionally been developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for use in dealing with objects, blood, body fluids, or other potential exposure risks of communicable disease.

Front 30

Vector-borne transmission

Back 30

The use of an animal to spread an organism from one person or place to another.