Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
285 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
<b><u>S</u></b>.A.M.P.L.E.
|
Signs and Symptoms
|
|
|
S.<b><u>A</u></b>.M.P.L.E.
|
Allgeries
|
|
|
S.A.<b><u>M</u></b>.P.L.E.
|
Medication
|
|
|
S.A.M.<b><u>P</u></b>.L.E.
|
Pertinent Medical History
|
|
|
S.A.M.P.<b><u>L</u></b>.E.
|
Last Oral Intake
|
|
|
S.A.M.P.L.<b><u>E</u></b>.
|
Events Leading Up
|
|
|
Pulse Points
|
<ul><li>Cartotid<li>Brachial<li>Radial<li>Femoral<li>Popliteal</ul>
|
|
|
Application of the study of muscles and body movement (kinesiology) to the use of the body and to the prevention and correction of problems related to posture and lifting
|
body mechanics
|
|
|
A patient move that should be performed when there is immediate danger to the patient or to the rescuer
|
emergency move
|
|
|
Posture where the shoulders are rolled forward, which results in fatigue of the lower back and increases pressure on every region of the spine
|
kyphosis
|
|
|
Posture where the stomach is too anterior and the buttocks are too posterior, causing excessive stress on the lumbar region of the back
|
lordosis
|
|
|
A patient move made when no immediate threat to life exists
|
nonurgent move
|
|
|
Recommended gripping technique. The palm and fingers come in complete contact with the object and all fingers are bent at the same angle
|
power grip
|
|
|
Recommended technique for lifting. Feet are apart, knees bent, back and abdominal muscles tightened, back as straight as possible, lifting force driven through heels and arches, upper boding rising before hips
|
power lift
|
|
|
A patient move made because there is an immediate threat to life due to the patient's condition and the patient must be moved quickly for transport
|
urgent move
|
|
|
Pulse Rate (Adult)
|
60-80 Beats/Minute
|
|
|
Pulse Rate (Child)
|
80-110 Beats/Minute
|
|
|
Pulse Rate (Infant)
|
120-150 Beats/Minute
|
|
|
Quality of Pulse
|
<ul><li>Full<li>Weak<li>Thready<li>Bounding</ul>
|
|
|
Respiration Rate (Adult)
|
12-25 Resp/Minute
|
|
|
Respiration Rate (Child)
|
20-28 Resp/Minute
|
|
|
Respiration Rate (Infant @ Birth)
|
30-70 Resp/Minute
|
|
|
Respiration Rate (Infant @ 6 Months)
|
30 Resp/Minute
|
|
|
Respiration Quality
|
<li>Full</li>
<li>Deep</li> <li>Shallow</li> <li>Labored</li> <li>Noisy</li> |
|
|
Ausculated Blood Pressure (Adult Male)
|
<u>100 + Age</u>
80 |
|
|
Auscultated Blood Pressure (Adult Female)
|
<u>90 + Age</u>
80 |
|
|
Auscultated Blood Pressure (Child)
|
<u>94-100</u>
56-64 |
|
|
Auscultated Blood Pressure (Infant @ Birth)
|
<u>60-80</u>
40-76 |
|
|
Auscultated Blood Pressure (Infant @ 6 Months)
|
<u>90</u>
40-76 |
|
|
Under the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration 2005 <i>National EMS Scope of Practice Model</i>, designation of the level of EMS practitioner that will replace the existing EMT-Intermediate level with the addition of the use of advanced airway devices, monitoring of blood glucose levels, initiation of intravenous and intraossseous infusions, and administration of a select number of medications
|
Advanced Emergency Medical Technician (AEMT)
|
|
|
A federal law passed in 1990 that protects individuals with a documented disability from being denied initial or continued employment based on their disability.
|
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
|
|
|
Under the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration 2005 <i>National EMS Scope of Practice Model</i>, designation of the level of EMS practitioner that will replace the existing first-responder level.
|
Emergency Medical Responder (EMR)
|
|
|
Under the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration 2005 <i>National EMS Scope of Practice Model</i>, designation of the level of EMS practitioner that will replace the existing EMT-Basic level with the addition of advanced oxygen therapy and ventilation equipment, pulse oximetry, use of automatic blood pressure monitoring equipment, and limited medical administration.
|
Emergency Medical Technician (EMT)
|
|
|
Emergency Medical Services system
|
EMS system
|
|
|
Emergency medical technician trained to the basic level
|
EMT-Basic (EMT-B)
|
|
|
Emergency medical technician trained to the intermediate level
|
EMT-Intermediate (EMT-I)
|
|
|
Emergency medical technician trained to the paramedic level
|
EMT-Paramedic (EMT-P)
|
|
|
A person typically trained to the first-responder level who is likely to be the first person on the scene with emergency care training
|
first responder
|
|
|
Medical policies, procedures and practices that are available to EMS providers either off-line or on-line
|
medical direction
|
|
|
Physician who is legally responsible for the clinical and patient care aspects of an EMS system
|
medical director
|
|
|
The medical director's broad responsibilities, including all clinical and administrative functions and activities necessary to exercise ultimate responsibility for the emergency care provided by individual personnel and the entire emergency medical services (EMS) system
|
medical oversight
|
|
|
Medical policies, procedures and practices that medical direction has established in written guidelines
|
off-line medical direction
|
|
|
Under the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration 2005 <i>National EMS Scope of Practice Model</i>, designation of the level of EMS practitioner that will replace the existing EMT-Paramedic level to provide the highest level of prehospital care, including advanced assessments, formation of a field impression, and invasive and drug interventions
|
Paramedic
|
|
|
Emergency medical treatment given to patients before they are transported to a hospital or other facility. Also called <i>out-of-hospital</i> care.
|
prehospital care
|
|
|
The policies and procedures for all components of an EMS system. Also called <i>orders</i> or <i>standing orders</i>
|
protocols
|
|
|
A system of internal and external reviews and audits of an EMS system to ensure a high quality of care. Also known as <i>continuous quality improvement (CQI)</i>.
|
quality improvement (QI)
|
|
|
Preauthorized treatment procedures; a type of treatment protocol. <i>See also</i> off-line medical direction, protocols.
|
standing orders
|
|
|
A condition resulting from chronic job stress, characterized by a state of irritability and fatigue that can markedly decrease effectiveness.
|
burnout
|
|
|
The process of washing a soiled object with soap and water
|
cleaning
|
|
|
Any situation that causes unusually strong emotions that interfere with the ability to function
|
critical incident
|
|
|
A session usually held within 24 to 72 hours of a critical incident, where a team of peer counselors and metal health professionals help emergency service personnel work through the emotions that normally follow a critical incident
|
critical incident stress debriefing (CISD)
|
|
|
A session held prior to a critical incident stress debriefing (CISD) for emergency service personnel most directly involved to provide an opportunity to vent emotions and get information before the CISD
|
defusing
|
|
|
In addition to cleaning, this process involves using a disinfectant such as alcohol or bleach to kill many of the microorganisms that may be present on the surface of an object
|
disinfecting
|
|
|
Microorganisms such as bacteria and viruses that cause disease
|
pathogens
|
|
|
Equipment worn to protect against injury and spreading infectious disease
|
personal protective equipment (PPE)
|
|
|
A test to determine the presence of a tuberculosis infection based on a person's positive reaction to tuberculin, a substance prepared from the tubercle bacillus.
|
purified protein derivative (PPD) tuberculin test
|
|
|
A method of preventing infection by disease organisms based on the premise that all blood and body fluids are infections. Formally called <i>body substance isolation</i>
|
standard precautions
|
|
|
The process by which an object is subject to certain chemical or physical substances (typically, superheated stream in an autoclave) that kill all microorganisms on the surface of an object.
|
sterilization
|
|
|
The act of discontinuing emergency care without ensuring that another health care professional with equivalent or better training will take over
|
abandonment
|
|
|
Instructions, written in advance, such as a living will or do not resuscitate (DNR) order
|
advance directive
|
|
|
A willful threat to inflict harm on a person
|
assault
|
|
|
The act of touching a personal unlawfully without his consent
|
battery
|
|
|
A federal regulation that ensures the public's access to emergency health care regardless of ability to pay
|
Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (COBRA)
|
|
|
An intention false communication that injures another person's reputation or good name
|
defamation
|
|
|
A legal document, usually signed by the patient and his physician, that indicates to medical personnel which, if any, life-sustaining measures should be taken when the patient's heart and respiratory functions have ceased.
|
do not resuscitate (DNR) order
|
|
|
The obligation to care for a patient who requires it
|
duty to act
|
|
|
A federal regulation that ensures the public's access to emergency health care regardless of ability to pay. Also known as the "anti-patient dumping statute," forbidding turning a patient away at the door or sending him to a public hospital because of inability to pay
|
Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act (EMTALA)
|
|
|
Permission that must be obtained from every conscious, mentally competent adult before emergency treatment may be provided
|
expressed consent
|
|
|
The intentional and unjustifiable detention of a person without his consent or other legal authority
|
false imprisonment
|
|
|
A law which provides immunity from liability for acts performed in good faith to assist at the scene of a medical emergency unless those acts constitute gross negligence
|
good samaritan law
|
|
|
A federal law enacted in 1996 that protects the privacy of patient health care information and gives the patient control over the how the information is distributed and used
|
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)
|
|
|
The assumption that, in a true emergency where a patient who is unresponsive or unable to make a rational decision is at significant risk of death, disability or deterioration of a condition, that patent would agree to emergency treatment
|
implied consent
|
|
|
Consent for treatment that is given by a competent patient based on full disclosure of possible risks and consequences
|
informed consent
|
|
|
A wrongful act, injury or damage that is committed knowingly
|
intentional tort
|
|
|
The act of injuring a person's reputation or good name in writing or through the mass media with malicious intent or reckless disregard for the falsity of those statements
|
libel
|
|
|
Permission obtained from a parent or legal guardian for emergency treatment of a minor or a mentally incompetent adult
|
minor consent
|
|
|
The act of deviating from an accepted standard of care through carelessness, inattention, disregard, inadvertence or oversight, which results in further injury to the patient.
|
negligence
|
|
|
A failure to perform care, or commission of an error in care
|
simple negligence
|
|
|
Willful, wanton or extremely reckless patient care that goes far beyond simple negligence or carelessness and that can be construed as being dangerous to the patient
|
gross negligence
|
|
|
The act of deviating from an accepted standard of care through carelessness, inattention, disregard, inadvertence or oversight, which results in further injury to the patient
|
proximate cause
|
|
|
The actions and care that are legally allowed to be provided by an EMT
|
scope of practice
|
|
|
The act of injuring a person's reputation or good name through spoken statements with malicious intent or reckless disregard for the falsity of those statements
|
slander
|
|
|
Emergency care that would be expected to be given to a patient by any trained EMT under similar circumstances
|
standard of care
|
|
|
A wrongful act, injury or damage
|
tort
|
|
|
The four parts of the abdomen as divided by imaginary horizontal and vertical lines through the umbilicus
|
abdominal quadrants
|
|
|
The rounded cavity or socket on the external surface of the pelvis that receives the head of the femur
|
acetabulum <i>(AS-i-TAB-u-lum)</i>
|
|
|
The lateral triangular projection of the scapula that forms the point of the shoulder
|
acromion <i>(ah-KRO-me-on)</i>
|
|
|
The air sacs of the lungs
|
alveoli <i>(al-VE-oh-le)</i>
|
|
|
Chemical and physical changes that take place within the cells in the presence of oxygen
|
aerobic <i>(eh-ROB-ik)</i> metabolism
|
|
|
Chemical and physical changes that take place within the cells without the presence of oxygen
|
anaerobic <i>(AN-eh-ROB-ik)</i> metabolism
|
|
|
Imaginary divisions of the body
|
anatomical planes
|
|
|
A position in which the patient is standing erect, facing forward, with arms down at the dies and palms forward
|
anatomical position
|
|
|
The study of the structure of the body and the relationship of its parts to one another
|
anatomy
|
|
|
Toward the front. Opposite of <i>posterior</i>
|
anterior
|
|
|
The front, or abdominal side of the body
|
anterior plane
|
|
|
The major artery from the heart
|
aorta <i>(ay-OR-tah)</i>
|
|
|
The smallest branch of an artery, which at its distal end leads into a capillary
|
arteriole <i>(ar-TE-re-ol)</i>
|
|
|
A blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart
|
artery
|
|
|
The two upper chambers of the heart
|
atria <i>(AY-tre-uh)</i>
|
|
|
On both sides
|
bilateral
|
|
|
The force exerted by the blood on the interior walls of the blood vessels
|
blood pressure
|
|
|
The major artery of the upper arm
|
brachial <i>(BRAY-ke-al)</i> artery
|
|
|
The two main branches leading from the trachea to the lungs, providing the passageway for air movement
|
bronchi <i>(BRONG-ke)</i>
|
|
|
Small branches of the bronchi
|
bronchioles <i>(BRONG-ke-olz)</i>
|
|
|
A band of cardiac muscle fibers that originates in the atrioventricular node and passes through the atrioventricular junction and carries the electrical impulse from the atria and, by connecting to the Purkinje fibers, to the ventricles
|
bundle of His
|
|
|
The heel bone
|
calcaneus <i>(kal-KAY-ne-us)</i>
|
|
|
A tiny blood vessel that connects an arteriole to a venule
|
capillary <i>(KAY-i-lair-e)</i>
|
|
|
A kind of involuntary muscle found only in the walls of the heart. Has automaticity, the ability to generate an impulse on its own, separately from the central nervous system
|
cardiac muscle
|
|
|
Also known as the circulatory system
|
cardiovascular system
|
|
|
One of the two major arteries of the neck, which supply the brain and head with blood
|
carotid <i>(kah-ROT-id)</i> artery
|
|
|
The eight bones that form the wrist
|
carpals <i>(KAR-pulz)</i>
|
|
|
The brain and the spinal cord
|
central nervous system (CNS)
|
|
|
The first seven vertebrae, or the neck
|
cervical <i>(SER-vi-kal)</i> spine
|
|
|
The body system that transports blood to all parts of the body. Includes the heart, blood vessels, and blood. Also called the <i>cardiovascular system</i>.
|
circulatory system
|
|
|
The collarbone, attached to the superior portion of the sternum
|
clavicle <i>(KLAV-i-kul)</i>
|
|
|
The last four vertebrae, or tailbone
|
coccyx <i>(KIK-siks)</i>
|
|
|
Word part that carries the word's essential meaning
|
combining form
|
|
|
Blood vessels that supply the heart with blood
|
coronary <i>(KOR-o-nair-e)</i> arteries
|
|
|
The bones that form the top, back and sides of the skull plus the forehead
|
cranium <i>(KRAY-ne-um)</i>
|
|
|
The lowermost cartilage of the larynx
|
cricoid <i>(KRIK-oyd)</i> cartilage
|
|
|
The second layer of the skin
|
dermis
|
|
|
A powerful dome-shaped muscle essential to respiration that also separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity
|
diaphragm <i>(DI-ah-fram)</i>
|
|
|
The pressure exerted against the walls of the arteries when the left ventricle is at rest
|
diastolic <i>(di-as-TOL-ik)</i> blood pressure
|
|
|
Distant, or far from the point of reference. Opposite of <i>proximal</i>
|
distal
|
|
|
Toward the back or spine. Opposite of <i>ventral</i>
|
dorsal
|
|
|
An artery of the foot, which can be felt on the top surface of the foot
|
dorsalis pedis <i>(dor-SAL-is PED-is)</i> artery
|
|
|
Swelling caused by fluid accumulating in the tissues
|
edema <i>(uh-DEE-muh)</i>
|
|
|
A system of ductless glands that produce hormones that regulate body functions
|
endocrine <i>(EN-do-krin)</i> system
|
|
|
The outermost layer of the skin
|
epidermis <i>(EP-i-DER-mis)</i>
|
|
|
A small, leaf-shaped flap of tissue, located immediately posterior to the root of the tongue, that covers the entrance of the larynx to keep food and liquid from entering the trachea and lungs
|
epiglottis <i>(EP-i-GLOT-is)</i>
|
|
|
A passageway at the lower end of the pharynx that leads to the stomach
|
esophagus <i>(es-AH-fuh-gus)</i>
|
|
|
The limbs of the body
|
extremities
|
|
|
The limbs of the body that include the hips, thighs, legs, ankles and feet
|
lower extremities
|
|
|
The limbs of the body that include the shoulder, arm, forearm, wrist and hand
|
upper extremities
|
|
|
The area of the skull between the brow and the chin
|
face
|
|
|
The major artery of the thigh that supplies the groin and leg with blood
|
femoral <i>(FEM-ora-al)</i> artery
|
|
|
The thigh bone
|
femur <i>(FE-mur)</i>
|
|
|
The lateral, smaller long bone of the lower leg
|
fibula <i>(FIB-u-lah)</i>
|
|
|
A position in which the patient is lying on the back with upper body elevated at a 45° to 60° angle
|
Fowler's position
|
|
|
A vertical plane drawn side-to-side through the body from the midaxillary line on one side to the midaxillary line on the opposite side, which divides the bod into anterior and posterior planes
|
frontal plane
|
|
|
The muscular organ that contracts to force blood into circulation through the body
|
heart
|
|
|
The largest bone in the upper extremity, located in the proximal portion of the upper arm
|
humerus <i>(HU-mer-us)</i>
|
|
|
The blood pressure or force exerted against the inside of vessel walls
|
hydrostatic <i>(HY-dro-STAT-ik)</i> pressure
|
|
|
The insufficient delivery of oxygen and other nutrients to some of the body's cells and inadequate elimination of carbon dioxide and other wastes that results from inadequate circulate of blood. Also called <i>shock</i>
|
hypoperfusion <i>(HY-po-per-FU-zhun)</i>
|
|
|
The upper margin of the bones of the pelvis
|
iliac <i>(IL-i-ak)</i> crest
|
|
|
Beneath, lower or toward the feet. Opposite of <i>superior</i>
|
inferior
|
|
|
Everything below the transverse line (below the waist). Opposite to <i>superior plane</i>
|
inferior plane
|
|
|
The muscles between the ribs
|
intercostal <i>(in-ter-KOS-tal)</i> muscles
|
|
|
Muscle that carries out the automatic muscular functions of the body. Also called <i>smooth muscle</i>
|
involuntary muscle
|
|
|
The posterior and inferior portion of the pelvis
|
ischium <i>(IS-ke-um)</i>
|
|
|
A place where one bone meets another
|
joint
|
|
|
Structure that houses the vocal cords and is located inferior to the pharynx and superior to the trachea
|
larynx <i>(LAIR-inks)</i>
|
|
|
Refers to the left or right of the midline, or away from the midline, or to the side of the body.
|
lateral <i>(LAT-er-al)</i>
|
|
|
A position in which the patient is lying on the left or right side. Also called <i>recovery position</i>
|
lateral recumbent
|
|
|
Refers to the patient's left
|
left
|
|
|
Everything to the left of the midline
|
left plane
|
|
|
The five vertebrae that form the lower back, located between the sacral and the thoracic spine
|
lumbar <i>(LUM-bar)</i> spine
|
|
|
The principal organs of respiration
|
lungs
|
|
|
The knobby surface landmark of the ankle
|
malleolus <i>(mal-E-o-lus)</i>
|
|
|
The lower jaw
|
mandible <i>(MAN-di-bl)</i>
|
|
|
The superior portion of the sternum where the clavicle is attached
|
manubrium <i>(ma-NU-bre-um)</i>
|
|
|
The fused bones of the upper jaw
|
maxillae
|
|
|
Toward the midline or center of the body
|
medial
|
|
|
The bones of the hand
|
metacarpals <i>(MET-uh-KAR-pulz)</i>
|
|
|
The bones that form the arch of the foot
|
metatarsals <i>(MET-uh-TAR-sulz)</i>
|
|
|
Refers to the center of the armpit (axilla)
|
midaxillary <i>(mid-AX-uh-lar-e)</i>
|
|
|
An imaginary line that divides the body into anterior and posterior planes; the imaginary line from the middle of the armpit to the anke
|
midaxillary line
|
|
|
Refers to the center of the collarbone (clavicle)
|
midclavicular <i>(mid-klav-IK-u-ler)</i>
|
|
|
The imaginary line from the center of either clavicle down the anterior thorax
|
midclavicular line
|
|
|
An imaginary line drawn vertically through the middle of the patient's body, dividing it into right and left planes
|
midline
|
|
|
The system of bones and muscle plus connective tissue that provides support and protection to the body and permits motion
|
musculoskeletal <i>(MUS-kyu-lo-SKEL-uh-tul)</i> system
|
|
|
The bones that form the bed of the nose
|
nasal bones
|
|
|
Nasal portion of the pharynx, situated above the soft palate
|
nasopharynx <i>(NA-zo-FAIR-inks)</i>
|
|
|
The body system including the brain, spinal cord and nerves that controls the voluntary and involuntary activity of the human body
|
nervous system
|
|
|
The part of the ulna that forms the bony prominence of the elbow
|
olecranon <i>(o-LEK-ran-on)</i>
|
|
|
The eye sockets
|
orbits
|
|
|
The central portion of the pharynx lying between the soft palate and the epiglottis with the mouth as the opening
|
oropharynx (OR-o-FAIR-inks)
|
|
|
The form of respiration in which oxygen molecules move across a membrane from an area of high oxygen concentration to an area of low oxygen concentration, as when oxygen moves out of a blood vessel into a cell
|
oxygenation
|
|
|
Relates to the palm of the hand
|
palmar
|
|
|
The kneecap
|
patella
|
|
|
The bones that form the floor of the abdominal cavity: the sacrum and coccyx of the spine, the iliac crests, the pubis, and the ischium
|
pelvis
|
|
|
The delivery of oxygen and other nutrients to the cells of all organ systems, which results from the constant adequate circulation of blood through the capillaries
|
perfusion
|
|
|
The portion of the nervous system located outside the brain and spinal cord
|
peripheral nervous system
|
|
|
Bones of the fingers, thumbs and toes
|
phalanges <i>(fa-LAN-jez)</i>
|
|
|
The throat, or passageway for air from the nasal cavity to the larynx and passageway for food from the mouth to the esophagus
|
pharynx <i>(FAIR-inks)</i>
|
|
|
The study of the function of the living body and its parts
|
physiology
|
|
|
Refers to the sole of the foot
|
plantar
|
|
|
The liquid part of the blood
|
plasma
|
|
|
Components of blood that are essential to the formation of blood clots
|
platelets <i>(PLATE-lets)</i>
|
|
|
Toward the back. Opposite of <i>anterior</i>
|
posterior
|
|
|
The back or dorsal side of the body
|
posterior plane
|
|
|
A major artery that travels from the calf to the foot and that can be felt on the medial surface of the ankle bone
|
posterior tibial artery
|
|
|
A syllable added to the beginning of a word to modify its meaning or to give additional or specific meaning to the word
|
prefix
|
|
|
Lying face-down
|
prone
|
|
|
Near the point of reference. Opposite of <i>distal</i>
|
proximal <i>(PROK-sim-al)</i>
|
|
|
Bone of the groin
|
pubis <i>(PYU-bis)</i>
|
|
|
Artery that leads from the right ventricle of the heart to the lungs
|
pulmonary artery
|
|
|
Vein that drains the lungs and returns the blood to the left atrium of the heart
|
pulmonary vein
|
|
|
The wave of blood propelled through the arteries as a result of the contraction of the left ventricle
|
pulse
|
|
|
A major artery of the arm, distal to the elbow joint
|
radial artery
|
|
|
The lateral bone of the forearm
|
radius
|
|
|
Part of the blood that gives it its color, carries oxygen to body cells, and carries carbon dioxide away from body cells
|
red blood cells
|
|
|
The process of moving oxygen and carbon dioxide across membranes, in and out of alveoli, capillaries and cells; gas exchange
|
respiriation
|
|
|
the organs involved in the exchange of gases between an organism and the atmosphere
|
respiratory system
|
|
|
Refers to the patient's right
|
right
|
|
|
Everything to the right of the midline
|
right plane
|
|
|
A vertical plane drawn front to back through the body at the midline, dividing the body into the right and left planes
|
sagittal <i>(SAJ-i-tul)</i> plane
|
|
|
Five vertebrae that are fused together to form the rigid part of the posterior side of the pelvis
|
sacral <i>(SAY-krul)</i> spine
|
|
|
The shoulder blade
|
scapula <i>(SKAP-ul-a)</i>
|
|
|
Also known as hypoperfusion
|
shock
|
|
|
Elevation of the legs of a supine patient approximately 12 inches; an alternative to the Trendelenburg position
|
shock position
|
|
|
The bony structure at the top of the spinal column that houses and protects the brain. Has two parts, the cranium and the face
|
skull
|
|
|
The column of vertebrae that encloses the spinal cord
|
spinal column
|
|
|
The breastbone
|
sternum
|
|
|
A layer of fatty tissue just below the dermis
|
subcutaneous <i>(SUB-kyu-TAY-ne-us)</i> layer
|
|
|
A syllable added to the end of a word to modify its meaning or to give additional or specific meaning to the word
|
suffix
|
|
|
Above; toward the head. Opposite to <i>inferior</i>
|
superior
|
|
|
Everything above the transverse line (above the waist). Opposite to <i>inferior plane</i>
|
superior plane
|
|
|
Lying face-up
|
supine
|
|
|
The pressure exerted against the walls of the arteries when the left ventricle contracts
|
systolic <i>(sis-TOL-ik)</i> blood pressure
|
|
|
The bones of the ankle, hind foot and midfoot
|
tarsals
|
|
|
The upper back, or the 12 thoracic vertebrae directly inferior to the cervical spine
|
thoracic <i>(tho-RAS-is)</i> spine
|
|
|
The chest, or that part of the body between the base of the neck and the diaphram
|
thorax <i>(THO-raks)</i>
|
|
|
The Adam's apple; the anterior cartilage that covers the larynx
|
thyroid cartilage
|
|
|
The medial, larger bone of the lower leg; the shinbone
|
tibia
|
|
|
The windpipe
|
trachea <i>(TRAY-ke-ah)</i>
|
|
|
An imaginary line drawn horizontally through the waist
|
transverse line
|
|
|
An imaginary line drawn horizontally through the waist, front to back, which divides the body into superior and inferior planes
|
transverse plane
|
|
|
Lying on the back with the lower part of the body elevated higher than the head on an inclined plane
|
Trendelenburg <i>(tren-DEL-en-burg)</i> position
|
|
|
The medial bone of the forearm
|
ulna
|
|
|
Structures within the heart and circulatory system that keep blood flowing in one direction and prevent backflow
|
valves
|
|
|
A blood vessel that carries blood back to the heart
|
vein
|
|
|
The principal veins that carry deoxygenated blood to the heart
|
venae cavae (plural of vena cava)
|
|
|
The principal vein that carries blood from the upper body to the heart
|
superior vena cava
|
|
|
The principal vein that carries blood from the lower body to the heart
|
inferior vena cava
|
|
|
The mechanical process by which air is moved in and out of the lungs, primarily caused by changes in pressure inside the chest
|
ventilation
|
|
|
Toward the front, or toward the anterior portion of the body. Opposite of <i>dorsal</i>
|
ventral
|
|
|
The two lower chambers of the heart
|
ventricles
|
|
|
The smallest branch of a vein
|
venule
|
|
|
The 33 bony segments of the spinal column
|
vertebrae <i>(VER-tuh-bray)</i>
|
|
|
Any muscle that can be consciously controlled by the individual. Also called <i>skeletal muscle</i>
|
voluntary muscle
|
|
|
The part of the blood that helps the body's immune system defend against infection
|
white blood cells
|
|
|
Inferior portion of the sternum
|
xiphoid <i>(ZI-foyd)</i> process
|
|
|
The cheek bones
|
zygomatic <i>(ZI-go-MAT-ik)</i> bones
|
|
|
Listening for sounds within the body with a stethoscope
|
auscultation
|
|
|
The first set of vital sign measurements to which subsequent measurements can be compared
|
baseline vital signs
|
|
|
The force exerted by the blood on the interior walls of the blood vessels
|
blood pressure
|
|
|
A heart rate less than 60 beats per minute
|
bradycardia
|
|
|
The amount of time it takes for capillaries that have been compressed to refill with blood
|
capillary refill
|
|
|
A moist, or cool and moist, condition; a skin condition ofter characteristic of shock
|
clammy
|
|
|
The thin covering of the inner eyelids and exposed portion of the sclera of the eye
|
conjuctiva
|
|
|
Narrowed, made small
|
constricted
|
|
|
A blue-gray color of the mucous membranes and/or skin, which indicates inadequate oxygenation or poor perfusion
|
cyanosis
|
|
|
Expanded, made large
|
dilated
|
|
|
Abnormally red skin color
|
flushing
|
|
|
A condition characterized by yellowness of the skin, sclera of the eyes, mucous membranes, and body fluids
|
jaundice
|
|
|
A skin discoloration similar to cyanosis but occurring in a blotchy pattern; a possible sign of shock
|
mottling
|
|
|
A comparison of blood pressure and heart rate readings while a patient is supine and while the patient is sitting upright or standing.
|
orthostatic vital signs
|
|
|
Pale or abnormally white skin color
|
pallor
|
|
|
Feeling, as for a pulse
|
palpation
|
|
|
Device for measuring the level of hemoglobin saturated with oxygen
|
pulse oximeter
|
|
|
Measurement of blood oxygen saturation level
|
pulse oximetry
|
|
|
The difference between the systolic blood pressure and the diastolic blood pressure
|
pulse pressure
|
|
|
A decrease in pulse strength during inhalation
|
pulsus paradoxus
|
|
|
Any objective evidence of medical or trauma conditions that can be seen, heard, felt or smelled in a patient
|
signs
|
|
|
Instrument used to measure blood pressure. Also called a blood pressure cuff.
|
sphygmomanometer
|
|
|
A harsh, high-pitched sound heard on inspiration that indicates swelling of the larynx
|
stridor
|
|
|
Conditions that must be described by the patient because they cannot be observed by another person
|
symptoms
|
|
|
A heart rate greater than 100 beats per minute
|
tachycardia
|
|
|
The traditional signs of life; assessments related to breathing, pulse, skin, pupils and blood pressure
|
vital signs
|
|
|
Potential cause of snoring
|
Tongue partially blocking the upper airway at the level of the pharynx
|
|
|
Potential cause of wheezing
|
Constriction (narrowing) of the bronchioles in the lungs
|
|
|
Potential cause of gurgling
|
Fluid in the upper airway
|
|
|
Potential cause of crowling or stridor (harsh, high-pitched sound)
|
Partial obstruction of the upper airway at the level of the larynx
|
|
|
General term for a weak, rapid pulse
|
"thready"
|
|
|
General term for an abnormally strong pulse
|
"bounding"
|
|
|
Term used to describe profuse sweating
|
diaphoresis
|
|
|
7, 12, 5, 5, 4
|
cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccyx
|
|
|
Priority in which to ventilate a patient
|
<ol><li>mouth-to-mask<li>two-person bag-valve-mask<li>flow-restricted oxygen-powered ventilation device<li>one-person bag-valve mask</ol>
|
|
|
Fitting the mask
|
Should fit securely over the bridge of the nose and in the cleft above the chin
|
|
|
Oxygen Cylinder Size D
|
350 liters
2,000 psi |
|
|
Oxygen Cylinder Size E
|
625 liters
2,000 psi |
|
|
Oxygen Cylinder Size M
|
3,000 liters
2,000 psi |
|
|
Oxygen Cylinder Size G
|
5,300 liters
2,000 psi |
|
|
Oxygen Cylinder Size H
|
6,900 liters
2,000 psi |
