Emt

Front 1

The smaller vessels that carry blood away from the heart and connect the arteries to the capillaries are:

Back 1

Arterioles

Front 2

perfusion is defined as

Back 2

circulation of blood within an organ in adequate amounts to meet the body's metabolic needs

Front 3

What organ can tolerate inadequate perfusion for up to 2 hours

Back 3

muscles

Front 4

hypoperfusion is another name for

Back 4

shock

Front 5

significant vital sign changes will occur if the typical adult loses greater than what percent of his or her total blood volume

Back 5

20 percent

Front 6

The ability of a persons cardiovascular system to commpensate for blood loss is related to

Back 6

how rapidly he or she bleeds

Front 7

hypovolmic shock occurs when

Back 7

the body cannot compensate for rapid blood loss

Front 8

external bleeding from a cein is relatively easy to control because

Back 8

veins are undera lower pressure

Front 9

the pneumatic antichodk garmennt would most likely be effective in

Back 9

controlling severe bleeding associated with pelvic fractures

Front 10

exteranl bleeding to an extremity can be controlled by

Back 10

applying local direct pressure

Front 11

if dressing because socked with blood you should

Back 11

place additional dressings over the wound

Front 12

conscious, restless and rapid pulse , large area of bruising to the right upper quadrant of his abdomen : treatmen is

Back 12

preparing for immediate transport

Front 13

shock is the result of

Back 13

hypoperfusion to the cells of the body

Front 14

when perfusion to the core of the body decreases

Back 14

blood is shunted away from the skin

Front 15

pulmonary edema ad imparied ventilation occur during

Back 15

cardiogenic shock

Front 16

Neurogenic shock occurs when

Back 16

failure of the nercous system causes widespread vasodilation

Front 17

hyppovolemic shok caused by severe burns is the result of a loss of

Back 17

plasma

Front 18

result of hemorrhagic shock

Back 18

lever laceration

Front 19

anaphalactic shock

Back 19

subsequent exposure following sensitization often produces more severe reactions

Front 20

temporary widespread vasodilation and syncope caused by a sudden nervous system reaction describes

Back 20

psychogenic shock

Front 21

assessing a person with signs of shock most important to remember that

Back 21

blood pressure may be the last measurable factor to change in shock

Front 22

clininal signs of compensated shock don't include

Back 22

absent peripheral pulses

Front 23

female struck the steering wheel, signs of shock, introthoracic bleeding, what is the next intervention

Back 23

rapid transport to a trauma center

Front 24

severe leg injury, chainsaw, male, lying supine, partial amputation to leg actively bleeding, consious, breathing adequatly, diaphoretic

Back 24

apply direct pressure to the wound

Front 25

severe vomiting and diarrhea for 3 days, confused diaphoretic, weak puse after applying oxygen

Back 25

prepare for immediate transport

Front 26

layer o the skin that forms watertight protective seal for the body

Back 26

epidermis

Front 27

the dermis contaings

Back 27

hair follicsle, sweat glands, and nerve endings

Front 28

what body structure is not lined with mucous membranes

Back 28

lips

Front 29

not one of the functions of the skin

Back 29

production if jey antibodies

Front 30

when a person is exsposed to a cold environment

Back 30

peripheral vessels constrict and divert blood away from the skin

Front 31

Neurogenic shock occurs when

Back 31

failure of the nercous system causes widespread vasodilation

Front 32

hyppovolemic shok caused by severe burns is the result of a loss of

Back 32

plasma

Front 33

result of hemorrhagic shock

Back 33

lever laceration

Front 34

anaphalactic shock

Back 34

subsequent exposure following sensitization often produces more severe reactions

Front 35

temporary widespread vasodilation and syncope caused by a sudden nervous system reaction describes

Back 35

psychogenic shock

Front 36

assessing a person with signs of shock most important to remember that

Back 36

blood pressure may be the last measurable factor to change in shock

Front 37

clininal signs of compensated shock don't include

Back 37

absent peripheral pulses

Front 38

female struck the steering wheel, signs of shock, introthoracic bleeding, what is the next intervention

Back 38

rapid transport to a trauma center

Front 39

severe leg injury, chainsaw, male, lying supine, partial amputation to leg actively bleeding, consious, breathing adequatly, diaphoretic

Back 39

apply direct pressure to the wound

Front 40

severe vomiting and diarrhea for 3 days, confused diaphoretic, weak puse after applying oxygen

Back 40

prepare for immediate transport

Front 41

layer o the skin that forms watertight protective seal for the body

Back 41

epidermis

Front 42

the dermis contaings

Back 42

hair follicsle, sweat glands, and nerve endings

Front 43

what body structure is not lined with mucous membranes

Back 43

lips

Front 44

not one of the functions of the skin

Back 44

production if jey antibodies

Front 45

when a person is exsposed to a cold environment

Back 45

peripheral vessels constrict and divert blood away from the skin

Front 46

a closed soft-tissue injury characterized by swelling and ecchymosis is called

Back 46

contusion

Front 47

a hemetoma develops when

Back 47

large blood vessels beneath the skin are damaged

Front 48

a laceration is a

Back 48

jagge cut caused by a sharp object or blunt force trauma

Front 49

an open soft tissue injurie is limited to the superficial layer of the skin and results in the least amount of blood loss

Back 49

abrasion

Front 50

penetrating injuries external bleeding may be minimal but internal injuries

Back 50

can be extensive

Front 51

what is an abdominal evisceration

Back 51

when organs protrude through an open wound

Front 52

when caring for an amputated body part

Back 52

kepp it cool without aallowing it to freeze

Front 53

most life threatening complication associated with an open neck injury is

Back 53

an air emobolism

Front 54

burns are most appropriatly classified according to

Back 54

depth and extent

Front 55

burn taht is classified by redness and pain

Back 55

first-degree burn

Front 56

partial thickness burn involves the outer layer of skin and a portion of the

Back 56

dermal layer

Front 57

not a sign and syptoms of an airway bur

Back 57

chest pressure

Front 58

why are burns to pediatric patients considered more sever than adults

Back 58

pediatric patients have more surface area relative to total body mass

Front 59

male, evisceration to the ldft lower quadrant of his abdomen , after airway, care for his wound is

Back 59

covering it with moist, sterile dressings secured in place with bandages

Front 60

male incomplete avulsion to his right forearm, after controlling any bleeding from the wound, you should

Back 60

replace the avulsed flap to its original position and coer it with a steril dressin

Front 61

burns to the anterior aspect of both arms and to his anterior chest, rule of nines this burn covers what percentage

Back 61

18%

Front 62

burns to face and chest, nasal hairs are singed and he is coughing up sooty sputum, most concerned with

Back 62

the potential for airway swelling

Front 63

4 year old, superficial burs to her head and anterior trunk , what percentage

Back 63

36%

Front 64

blood bubbling from evtrance chest wound you should

Back 64

apply an occlusice dressing to the wound and continue your assessment

Front 65

the eyeball itself is refered to as the

Back 65

globe

Front 66

opening at the center of the iris, that allows light to move to the back of the eye is called

Back 66

pupil

Front 67

inner surface of the eyelids and the exsposed surfacce of the eye itself are covered by a delicate membrane called the

Back 67

conjunctiva

Front 68

the white portion of the eye is called

Back 68

sclera

Front 69

approximately 80% of the eyeball is protected by the

Back 69

orbit

Front 70

the palm of the patients hand is equal to

Back 70

1% ot the body's surface area

Front 71

the anterior trunk of anult is is equal to

Back 71

18% of the body surface area

Front 72

the legs of a pediatric are proportionally what than an adult

Back 72

smaller

Front 73

in order for electricity to flow through the body and cause damage

Back 73

a complete circuit muct exist between the electrical source and the ground

Front 74

tennage boy involved in a bicycle accident has a punter wound in which the kickstand is impaled in his leg you should

Back 74

unbolt the kidkstand from the bikee and stabilize it with bulky dressings

Front 75

abnormal variations in pupil size and reaction would likely be observed in a patient with

Back 75

head injuries

Front 76

when light is shone into the pupil

Back 76

it should become smaller in size

Front 77

the conjunctiva is kept moist by fluid produced by the

Back 77

lacrimal gland

Front 78

40 year old man sudden sharp pain in his left eye, small splinter of wood emedded in his cornea you should

Back 78

cover both of his eyes and transport to the hospital

Front 79

factory worker spashed in the eye with a strong acid chemical , no sterile saline or water you should

Back 79

irrigate both eyes continuouslly for 20 minutes with plain water

Front 80

most significan complication associated with facial injuries is

Back 80

airway compromise

Front 81

the skin and underlying tissues of the face

Back 81

have a rich blood supply and bleed profusely

Front 82

signicant trauma to the face should increase the index of suspicion for an

Back 82

basilar skull fracture

Front 83

frequent ongoing assessments in the patient with facial or throat injuries are most important because

Back 83

such injuries can affect the respiratory system

Front 84

when transporting a person with facial injury it is most important to be descriptive as plssible with the hospital because

Back 84

maxillofascial specialists my need to be called

Front 85

anterior epistaxis usually originates from the ? and bleeds fairly?

Back 85

septal area , slowly

Front 86

30 female, robbed, assulted, massive fascial trauma and slow gurgling respirations , as partner stabalizes the head you should

Back 86

suction her oropharynx for up to 15 seconds

Front 87

44 male laceration to left ear, minimal bleeding, appropriate care

Back 87

padding beween the ear and the scalp

Front 88

29 male , an anterior nosebleed . conscious and alert adaqueate breething.care should be

Back 88

placing him supine and pinching his nostrils together

Front 89

laceration to the neck during robbery, bright red blood spurting from the laceration, you should

Back 89

apply direct pressure below the lacerateed vessel

Front 90

pleural fluid is contained between the

Back 90

visceral and parietal pleurae

Front 91

the thoracic cavity is seperated from the abdominal cavity by the

Back 91

diaphragm

Front 92

the ? nerves control the diaphragm

Back 92

phrenic

Front 93

hemoptysis is defined as

Back 93

coughing up blood

Front 94

pneumothorax is defined as

Back 94

accumulation of air in the pleural space

Front 95

and open pneumothorax occurs when

Back 95

air enters the pleral space from outside the body

Front 96

definitive are for a tension pneumothorax involves

Back 96

inserting a needle through the rib cage into the pleural space

Front 97

subcutaneous emphysema is an indication that

Back 97

air is escaping into the chest wall from a damaged lung

Front 98

patients with rib fractures will commonly

Back 98

breathe rapidly and shallowly

Front 99

a flail chest occurs when

Back 99

a segment of the chest wall is detatched from the thoracic cage

Front 100

a rapid irregular pulse following blunt trauma to the chest is suggestive of a

Back 100

myocardial contusion

Front 101

19 male acute onset of shortness of breath and pleuritic chest pain, conscious aler stable vital signs, diminished breath counds over the left side of the chest

Back 101

administer oxygen and transport to the hospital

Front 102

28 male struck in the chest, conscious and alert severe chest pain, ecchymosis over the sternum and a rapid irregular pulse

Back 102

prepare for immediate transport

Front 103

the presence of tachycardia following a significant abdominal injury should be assumed to be a sign of

Back 103

shock

Front 104

bruising to the right upper quadrant of the abdomen following blunt trauma is most suggestive of injury to the

Back 104

liver

Front 105

early bruising following abdominal trauma is often indicated by

Back 105

red areas of skin

Front 106

mesentery is

Back 106

membranous folds that attach the intestines to the walls of the body

Front 107

airbags are most benefit when a person is involoved in a

Back 107

head on crashq

Front 108

when a hollow organ is punctureed during a penetrating injury to the abdomen

Back 108

peritonitis may not develop for several hours

Front 109

protuding organs should be kept

Back 109

warm and moist

Front 110

what organ is at most risk for injury as the result of a pelvic fracture

Back 110

urinary bladder

Front 111

placing a pregnant patient in a suping position during the third trimester of pregnancy

Back 111

may decrease the amount of blood that returns to the heart

Front 112

you should never give a patient who is diaphoretic and thirsty

Back 112

small sips of water

Front 113

football player struck in the right flank area just below the posterior rib cage , small amount of blood in his underwear

Back 113

blunt injury to the kidney

Front 114

the musculoskeletal system refers to the

Back 114

bones and voluntary muscles of the body

Front 115

skeletal muscle is also referred to as

Back 115

straited muscle

Front 116

smooth muscle is not found in what organ

Back 116

myocardium

Front 117

skeletal mucle is attached to the bone by tough ropelike fibrous structures alled

Back 117

tendons

Front 118

bones are connected to other bones by tough fibrous tissues called

Back 118

ligaments

Front 119

in moving joints the ends of the bones are covered with

Back 119

articular cartilage

Front 120

a fracture is mos accurately defined as a

Back 120

break in the continuity of the bone

Front 121

the disruption of a joint in which the bone ends are no longer in contact is called a

Back 121

dislocation

Front 122

musculoskeletal injury in which there is partial temporary separation of the bone ends as well as partial stretching or tearing of the supporting ligaments

Back 122

sprain

Front 123

an open fracture is

Back 123

a fracture in which the overlying skin is no longer intact

Front 124

musculoskeletal injuries most lkelt result in deformities are

Back 124

dispalced fracture

Front 125

afrature that occurs in the growth section of a child's hone and may lead to bone growth abnormalities

Back 125

epiphyseal

Front 126

most reliable indicator of a fracture is

Back 126

point tenderness

Front 127

crepitus and false motion are

Back 127

positve indicators of a fracture

Front 128

comprtment syndrome is

Back 128

pressure within the fascial compartment is increased

Front 129

least svere musculoskeletal injuries

Back 129

nondisplaced pelvic fracture

Front 130

assessing a persons nerovascullar status following an injury should not be

Back 130

evaluating proximal pulses

Front 131

applying ice and elevating an injured extremity are performed in order to

Back 131

reduce pain and swelling

Front 132

musculoskeltal injuries should be splinted before moving the patient unless

Back 132

the patient is clinically unstable

Front 133

primary prupose for splinting is

Back 133

prevent further injury

Front 134

prior to splinting an open extremity frature you should first

Back 134

cover all bleeding or open wounds

Front 135

when should you splint an injured limbe in the position of the the deformity

Back 135

when distal circulation and neurological functions are absent

Front 136

the most significan hazard associated with splinting is

Back 136

delaying transport of a criticallly injured patient

Front 137

a colles fracture involves a fracture of apply gntle manual tracture in line with the limb and eassess for a pulsethe

Back 137

distal radius

Front 138

the hand should be placed in what position when splintin

Back 138

a functional position

Front 139

bilateral femur fractures can result in up to ? ml of internal blood loss

Back 139

2,000

Front 140

a hip fracture is actually a fracture of the

Back 140

proximall femur

Front 141

a person who experiences a calcaneus fracture after jumping and landing on his or her feet would likely experience an accompanying fracture of the

Back 141

lubar spin

Front 142

dislocated shoulder, you should

Back 142

assess distal pulse,motor, and sensory functions

Front 143

deformity to her left elbow unable to palpate a radial pulse, transport time to hospital is 40 min. you should

Back 143

apply gentle manual traction in line with the limb and reasses for a pulse

Front 144

49 male, fell 20 feet landed on his feet, severe pain to bothe of his hells and to his lower back prior to transport the patient you should

Back 144

fully immobilize the spinal collumn

Front 145

22 female ejected from car, closed deformities to both of he femurs, not moving and appear to be conscious you should

Back 145

stabalize her head and perform an initial assessment

Front 146

19 femal, multiple trauma, bilateral humeral deformities and deformity to the left midshaaft femur, skin is diaphoretic and her pulse is rapid and weak. partner has appropriatly managed the patients airwat andis maintaining manual stabilization of her head.most appropriate treatment

Back 146

immobilization to a backboard and rapid transport