Ems 111 Ch. 2

Front 1

Acute Stress Reactions

Back 1

Reaction to stress that occurs during a stressful situation

Front 2

Airborne transmission

Back 2

The spread of an organism in aerosol form

i.e. sneezing

Front 3

bloodborne pathogens

Back 3

Pathogenic microorganisms that are present in human blood and cause disease in humans. These pathogens include, but are not limited to, hepatitis B virus and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

--All EMTs are trained in handling bloodborne pathogens

Front 4

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

Back 4

The primary federal agency that conducts and supports public health activities in the US. The CDC is part of the US Dept of Health and Human Services.

--CDC developed standard precautions: Hand hygiene, gloves, gown

Front 5

Communicable disease

Back 5

A disease that can be spread from one person or species to another.

Front 6

contamination

Back 6

The presence of infectious organisms on or in objects such as dressings, water, food, needles, wounds, or a patient's body

Front 7

Cover and concealment

Back 7

The tactical use of an impenetrable barrier for protection

Front 8

Critical incident stress management (CISM)

Back 8

A process that confronts the responses to critical incidents and defuses them, directing the emergency services personnel toward physical and emotional equilibrium

Front 9

cumulative stress reactions

Back 9

Prolonged or excessive stress

Front 10

Delayed stress reactions

Back 10

Reaction to stress that occurs after a stressful situation

Front 11

Designated officer

Back 11

The individual in the department who is charged with the responsibility of managing exposures and infection control issues

Front 12

Direct contact

Back 12

Exposure or transmission of a communicable disease from one person to another by physical contact

i.e. blood

Front 13

Exposure

Back 13

A situation in which a person has had contact with blood, body fluids, tissues, or airborne or disease particles in a manner that suggests disease transmission may occur

Front 14

foodborne transmission

Back 14

The contamination of food or water with an organism that can cause disease

Front 15

General adaptation syndrome

Back 15

The body's response to stress that begins with an alarm response, followed by a stage of reaction and resistance, and then recovery or, if the stress is prolonged, exhaustion

Front 16

Hepatitis

Back 16

Inflammation of the liver, usually caused by viral infection, that causes fever, loss of appetite, jaundice, fatigue, and altered liver function.

Front 17

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

Back 17

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is caused by HIV, which damages the cells in the body's immune system so that the body is unable to fight infection or certain cancers

Front 18

host

Back 18

The organism or individual that is attacked by the infecting agent

Front 19

Immune

Back 19

The body's ability to protect itself from acquiring a disease

Front 20

indirect contact

Back 20

Exposure or transmission of disease from one person to another by contact with a contaminated object

i.e. needlesticks

Front 21

infection

Back 21

The abnormal invasion of a host or host tissues organisms such as bacteria, viruses, or parasites, with or without signs or symptoms of disease

Front 22

infection control

Back 22

Procedures to reduce transmission of infection among patients and healthcare personnel

Front 23

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)

Back 23

The federal regulatory compliance agency that develops, publishes, and enforces guidelines concerning safety in the workplace

Front 24

pathogen

Back 24

A microorganism that is capable of causing disease in a susceptible host

Front 25

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

Back 25

Protective equipment that OSHA requires to be made available to the EMT. In the case of infection risk, PPE blocks entry of an organism into the body

i.e. Gloves are the most common PPE

Front 26

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

Back 26

A delayed stress reaction to a prior incident. This delayed reaction is often the result of one or more unresolved issues concerning the incident.

Front 27

Transmission

Back 27

The way in which an infectious disease is spread: contact, airborne, by vehicles, or by vectors.

Front 28

Standard precautions

Back 28

Protective measures that have traditionally been developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for use in dealing with objects, blood, body fluids, or other potential exposure risks of communicable disease

Front 29

Vector-borne transmission

Back 29

The use of an animal to spread an organism from one person or place to another.

i.e. fleas, mosquitoes

Front 30

Dealing with Infectious Diseases, one must be aware of

Back 30

-How to decontaminate equipment after treating a patient

Assessment and management of -how to decontaminate the ambulance equipment after treating a patient

Front 31

Infection risk can be minimized by

Back 31

-immunizations
-protective techniques
-handwashing
-Mask, eye protection, face shielf
-Soiled patient care equipment
-Environmental controls
-Textiles and laundry
-Needles and other sharp objects
-Patient resuscitation
-Respiratory hygiene/cough etiquette

Front 32

Simplest yet most effective way to control disease transmission is

Back 32

Washing hands before and after patient contact

Front 33

If there is no running water, use

Back 33

waterless handwashing substitute like hand sanitizer

Front 34

Both vinyl and latex gloves are effective. True or false?

Back 34

True

Front 35

With an infected patient, use:

Back 35

-pocket mask
-bag-mask device

Front 36

If you are exposed to a patient's blood or bodily fluids:

Back 36

-Turn over patient care to another EMS provider
-Clean the exposed area
-Rinse eyes if necessary
-Activate your department's infection control plan.

Front 37

Physiologic signs of stress

Back 37

-Increased respirations and heart rate
-Increased blood pressure
-cool, clammy skin
-dilated pupils
-tenses muscles
-increased blood glucose level
-perspiration
-decreased blood flow to gastrointestinal tract

Front 38

Two types of sexual harassment:

Back 38

Quid pro quo: request for sexual favors

Hostile work environment:jokes, touching, etc
(most common complaint)

Front 39

Stages of grieving:

Back 39

-Denial
-Anger, hostility
-Bargaining
-Depression
-Acceptance

Front 40

When it comes to death and dying, the EMT's role is

Back 40

-Ask how you can help
-Reinforce reality
-be honest
-allow the patient/family to grieve

--Say things like: "I'm sorry for your loss..."

Front 41

If in doubt of the severity of the situation,

Back 41

transport

Front 42

The seven common hazards in a fire are

Back 42

-smoke
-oxygen deficiency
-high ambient temperatures
-toxic gases
-building collapse


-equipment
-explosions

Front 43

What practice will provide the greatest degree of safety for the EMT when responding to a call?

Back 43

Consistent safety practices. such as properly wearing seatbelts.

Front 44

While caring for a trauma patient, the EMT has blood splashed into her eyes. This is an example of:

Back 44

exposure

Front 45

The three stages of general adaptation syndrome stage is

Back 45

-The alarm response, followed by reaction and resistance and then recovery. If the individual cannot reduce stress, the last stage may progress to exhaustion

Front 46

A condition characterized by reexperiencing an event and overresponding to stimuli that recall the event is called

Back 46

posttramatic stress disorder (PTSD)

Front 47

____________ is the fuel to make the body run.

Back 47

Food

Front 48

Placards are used on:

Back 48

buildings and transportation vehicles. (labels are used to identify packages