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7 Cards in this Set

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Differential Emotions Theory

Discrete emotions are natural kinds and hard-wired

development due to maturation (nature)

Differential Theory

Infants start off with two emotional states: distress and pleasure


Development due to differentiation into specific emotions

Distress and pleasure (nature/nurture)

Functionalist Theory

Emotions are a relational process that children develop in relation to environment

Relational (nurture)

What do babies feel at 2, 4, and 7 months?

2 Months: Happiness/joy


4 Months: Anger/sadness


7 Months: Fear

In line with basic universal emotions

What do babies feel at 18 and 24-36 months?

18 Months: self-conscious emotions


24-36 Months: Pride, shame, guilt

More complex emotions requiring mentalizing and language

Empathy in Babies

Babies notice they are being watched around 4 months old


They begin telling lies for attention


At 6 months they prefer 'nice' puppets


Mirror neurons active in babies when they watch people

When do they notice they are being watched?


Do they tell lies for attention?


At what age do they prefer the 'nice' puppets?


Are mirror neurons active in babies?

Progression of Fear

4-5 years old: imaginary creatures


Early school: injury


Adolescence: social rejection

4-5 yo


Early school


Adolescence