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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Why "contagion" in emotional contagion? |
views emotion as something that infects the mind and determines subsequent behaviour |
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What word does Freud use instead of emotion? |
affect |
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What's Freud's double function of emotion? |
It is felt in consciousness and it internally alters the body |
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What are the three systems in Freud's topographic model of the mind? |
conscious, preconscious, unconcscious |
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Which system is related to the primary processes? |
unconscious |
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What are the primary processes? |
non-verbal mental processes which attempt to avoid unpleasure and gratify wishes |
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Through which principle does the primary processes operate? |
pleasure principle |
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What systems are involved with secondary processes? |
preconscious, conscious |
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What are the secondary processes? |
mental processes related to delaying gratification |
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Which principle determines the secondary processes? |
reality principle |
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Why does conflict emerge between the two principles? |
One operates to discharge mental energy, other delays the discharge |
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What's the constancy principle? |
That psychic/mental energy is best kept stimuli as close to zero as possible; so a low level of excitation (quiescence) is pleasurable and a high level is not |
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Why did the topographic model turn into the structural model of the mind? |
topographic model did not account for clinical observations or theoretical considerations like the development of a social conscience |
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what three things make up the structural model of the mind? |
id, ego, superego |
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Describe how the id, ego, and superego relate to drive theory |
we feel good when our drives are met, and we feel bad when they are not. the id (pleasure principle) and the ego (reality principle) are in conflict and the superego mediates that conflict through trying to channel pleasure in socially acceptable ways |
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What is the job of the psycholanalytic therapy? |
to align the idea (memory trace, ie childhood experiences) with the affect |
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What's an "idea" for Freud? |
memory traces (childhood experiences) |
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What do anxiety signals do and how they do occur? |
They occur when we feel anxiety about wanting something we're not supposed to, they are used by the ego to initiate defensive activity (repression or suppression) |
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What is reaction formation? |
A defense mechanism, where we act opposite to how we want (ignore people we are sexually attracted to) |
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What is displacement and projection? |
where repressed mental energy continues to circulate in mind and then finds a safe outlet through projection onto another person (cupchick's story about a kid going to his office and yelling at him when really he was mad at his father) |
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What are the three defense mechanisms talked about in textbook? |
sublimation, reaction formation, displacement and projection |
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What is the psychological group? |
when an individual thinks, acts, feels differently in a group compared to alone |
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How does the structural model of the mind relate to Freud's understanding of group psychology? |
Because of the anonymity of the individual within a group, responsibility disappears, which allows repressions to be thrown off - the superego no longer controls the id |
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How does emotional contagion occur? |
an individual perceives someone else's emotional state, which induces automatic and unconscious processes which induces the same emotion in the perceiver |
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What does Freud thinks is the main driver of emotional contagion? |
the libido - (love/sex drive that binds the group together and pushes individuals to act in harmony) |
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What'd identification and introjection? Significance? |
identification - where someone wants to be like another person introjection - where the wanted person takes in the identification person into their ego (like Christ loving church members) These two things assist in group cohesion |
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How does group psychology relate to dictators according to Reicher? |
Group psychology initially about repressing working class not understanding groups; social control |
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What is deindividuation? |
loss of self conscious in crowd |
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What is social norm theory? |
various norms emerge guiding collective behaviour (a response to the thinking of emotion and crowd action as pathological) |
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What is social identity theory? |
talks about what is a personal identity vs how that is shared by others (for example, belonging to a religion, cultural group, sports team fan)...so instead of losing one's personal identity in the crowd, they shift to their relevant identity |
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What's primitive emotional contagion and can it be caught? |
emotional mimicry and synchrony occur through facial, vocal, postural feedback (unconscious, automatic) -cognitive conscious processes, conditioned and unconditioned emotional responses, and mimicry/feedback |
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how does Tarde's different types of desire related to capitalism? |
desires are periodically satisfied, and then again reborn in cycle of repetition, there are two types - first kind are organic needs: drinking, eating, second kind are social, not only everyday desires, also begin as fantasies, and then later transform into habits = capitalism |
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what's a somnambulist according to Tarde? |
individuals. people sleep-walk through everyday life. can be avoided through conscious refusal to take part in customs/arts/norms |
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What are Bion's basic assumptions? |
dynamic affective states of groups that bind individuals together. tend to characterize function of group in unconscious ways. affects experienced in one group will be experienced in a different way in another. |
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What are the three types of group functions according to Bion? |
- a fight of flight group (BaF) -a dependent group (BaD) -a pairing group (BaP) |
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What happens in BaF groups? |
-repressed anxieties leads to a desire to fight or flight, basic assumption fueled by hate |
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What happens in BaD groups? |
-group depends on leader, built on guilt and depression |
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What happens in BaP groups? |
-group depends on hope/expectation (unborn leader like a Messiah) which will solve problems |
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What's the 'work group mentality'? |
individuals cooperate together, able to focus on task |
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What does Foulkes say about the social instinct? |
That it seeks to get back to a primitive group-state of being , suggests we fundamentally desire or belong to a group |
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What's Foulkes theory of social unconscious? |
does not solely come about through repression, but rather through our ways of being that we have unconsciously adopted |
