Eml Ch. 8

Front 1

fundus

Back 1

rounded upper portion of the uterus

Front 2

cervix (Cx)

Back 2

narrow lower portion of the uterus

Front 3

vagina

Back 3

a 3" tube that connects the uterus to the outside of the body

Front 4

hymen

Back 4

fold of the mm found near the opening of the vagina

Front 5

rectouterine pouch

Back 5

pouch btwn the posterior wall of the uterus and the anterior wall of the rectum (aka Douglas cul-de-sec)

Front 6

Bartholin glands

Back 6

pair of mucus-producing glands on ea. side of the vagina and just above the vaginal opening

Front 7

mammary glands, breasts

Back 7

milk-producing glands of the female. Ea. breast consists of 15-20 divisions/lobes

Front 8

mammary papilla

Back 8

breast nipple

Front 9

areola

Back 9

pigmented area around the breast nipple

Front 10

vulva, external genitals

Back 10

two pairs of lips (labia major & minora) that surround the vagina

Front 11

clitoris

Back 11

highly erogenous erectile body located anterior to the urethra

Front 12

perineum

Back 12

pelvic floor in both the m & f. In females it usu. refers to the area betwn the vaginal opening and anus

Front 13

amenorrhea

Back 13

absence of menstrual discharge

Front 14

Bartholin adenitis/bartholinitis
cervicitis, colpitis/vaginitis, endocervicitis, endometritis, mastitis, myometritis, oophoritis, perimetritis, salpingitis, vulvovaginitis

Back 14

inflammation of a Bartholin glands, cervix, vagina, inner lining of the cervix, inner lining of the uterus, breast, uterine muscle, ovary, surrounding the uterus, uterine tube, vulva & vagina

Front 15

dysmenorrhea

Back 15

painful menstrual discharge

Front 16

hematosalpinx

Back 16

blood in the uterine tube

Front 17

hydrosalpinx

Back 17

water in the uterine tube

Front 18

hysteratresia

Back 18

closure of the uterus

Front 19

menometrorrhagia

Back 19

rapid flow of blood from the uterus at menstruation (& btwn, increased amt)

Front 20

menorrhagia

Back 20

rapid flow of blood at menstruation (increased amt)

Front 21

metrorrhagia

Back 21

rapid flow of blood from the uterus (btwn cycles)

Front 22

oligomenorrhea

Back 22

scanty menstrual flow (less often)

Front 23

pyosalpinx

Back 23

pus in the uterine tube

Front 24

salpingocele

Back 24

hernia of the uterine tube

Front 25

adenomyosis

Back 25

growth of the endometrium into the musclar portion of the uterus

Front 26

breast cancer

Back 26

malignant tumor of the breast

Front 27

cervical cancer

Back 27

malignant tumor of the cervix, which progresses from cellular dysplasia to carcinoma; linked to papilomavirus infection

Front 28

endometrial cancer

Back 28

malignant tumor of the endometrium (uterine cancer)

Front 29

endometriosis

Back 29

abnormal condition in which endometrial tissue grows outside of the uterus in various areas in the pelvic cavity, incl. ovaries, uterine tubes, intestines, uterus

Front 30

fibrocystic breast d.

Back 30

disorder characterized by one or more benign cysts in the breast

Front 31

fibroid tumor

Back 31

benign fibroid tumor of the uterine muscle (aka myoma of the uterus or leiomyoma)

Front 32

ovarian cancer

Back 32

malignant tumor of the ovary

Front 33

pelvic inflammatory d. (PID)

Back 33

inflammation of the pelvic organs that can be caused by many diff. pathogens; if untreated spreads upward may result in infertility & fatal septicemia

Front 34

prolapsed uterus

Back 34

downward displacement of the uterus into the vagina (aka hysteroptosis)

Front 35

toxic shock syndrome (TSS)

Back 35

severe illness characterized by high fever, rash, vomiting, diarrhea, and myalgia, followed by hypotension and rarely shock & death

Front 36

vesicovaginal fistula

Back 36

abnormal opening btwn the bladder and the vagina

Front 37

cervicectomy, hymenectomy, hysterectomy, hysterosalpingooophorectomy, oophorectomy, salpingectomy, salpingo-oophorectomy, trachelorrhaphy, vulvectomy

Back 37

excision of the cervix; hymen; uterus; uterus, uterine tubes, & ovaries; ovary; uterine tube; uterine tube & ovary; cervix; vulva

Front 38

colpoperineorrhaphy, colporrhaphy, episiorrhaphy, perineorrhaphy, trachelorrhaphy

Back 38

suture of the vagina and perineum; vagina; vuvla; perineum; cervix

Front 39

episioperineoplasty, mammoplasty

Back 39

surgical repair of the vulva & perineum; breast (to reduce, enlarg, lift, or reconstruct)

Front 40

hymenotomy

Back 40

incision of the hymen

Front 41

hysteropexy

Back 41

surgical fixation of the uretus

Front 42

mastectomy

Back 42

surgical removal of the breast

Front 43

salpingostomy

Back 43

creation of an artficial opening in a uterine tube (performed to restore patency)

Front 44

anterior & posterior colporrhaphy (A&P repair)

Back 44

when a weakened vaginal wall results in a cystocele and a rectocele (corrects protrusion of the rectum and bladder against the vagina)

Front 45

conization

Back 45

surgical removal of a cone-shaped area od a cervix; used in tmt fro noninvasive cervical cancer (aka cone biopsy)

Front 46

dilation and curretage (D&C)

Back 46

dilation (widening) of cervix and scraping of endometrium w/ an instrument-curette. Used to daignose d, correct bleeding, to empty uterine contents

Front 47

endometrial ablation

Back 47

procedure to destroy or remove the endometrium by use of laser or thermal energy; used to treat abnormal uterine bleeding

Front 48

laparoscopy/ laparoscopic surgery

Back 48

visual examination of the abdominal cavity, accomplished by inserting a laparoscope thru a tiny incision near the umbilicus; used for tubal sterilization, hysterectomy, etc.

Front 49

myomectomy

Back 49

excision of a fibroid tumor (myoma) from the uterus

Front 50

sentinel lymph node biopsy

Back 50

injection of blue dye and/or radioactive isotope is used to identify the sentinel lymph nodes (most likely to contain metastases of breast cancer); nodes are removed and microscopically examined

Front 51

stereotactic breast biopsy

Back 51

technique that combines mammography and computer-assisted biopsy to obtain tissue from a breast lesion

Front 52

tubal ligation

Back 52

closure of the uterine tubes for sterilization by cutting, tying, or cauterizing (aka tubal sterilization, tying of the tubes)

Front 53

uterine artery embolization (UAE)

Back 53

minimally invasive procedure used to treat fibroids of the uterus by blocking arteries that supply blood to thefibroids; first arteriogram is used to identify the vessels, then tiny gelatin beads are inserted into the vessels to create blockage that stops bleeding and causes the fibroids to shrink

Front 54

hysterosalpingogram

Back 54

radiographic image of the uterus and uterine tubes (after injection of contrast agent)

Front 55

mammogram

Back 55

radiographic image of the breast

Front 56

mammography

Back 56

radiographic imaging of the breast (aka digital mammography)

Front 57

sonohysterography (SHG)

Back 57

process of recording the uterus by use of sound (ultrasound procedure)

Front 58

colposcope

Back 58

instrument used for visual examination of the vagina (and cervix)

Front 59

culdoscope

Back 59

instrument used for visual examination of the Douglas cul-de-sac

Front 60

hysteroscope

Back 60

instrument used for visual examination of the uterus

Front 61

culdoscopy

Back 61

visual examination of the Douglas cul-de-sac

Front 62

hysteroscopy

Back 62

visual examination of the uterus

Front 63

culdocentesis

Back 63

surgical procedure to remove fluid from the Douglas cul-de-sac (rectouterine pouch)

Front 64

CA-125 (cancer antigen-125 tumor marker)

Back 64

blood test used in the detection of ovarian cancer; also used to monitor and treatment and to determine the extent of the d.

Front 65

Pap Smear

Back 65

cytological study of cervical and vaginal secretions used to determine the presence of abnormal or cancerous cells

Front 66

transvaginal sonography (TVS)

Back 66

ultrasound procedure that uses a transducer placed in the vagina to obtain images of the ovaries, uterus, cervix, and uterine tubes; use to diagnose masses such as ovarian cysts or tumors, to monitor pregnancy, and to evaluate ovulation fro tmt of infertility

Front 67

gynecologist

Back 67

physician who studies and treats d. of women (femal reprod. sys)

Front 68

gynecology (GYN)

Back 68

study of women; branch of medicine dealing w/ d. of female reprod. sys.

Front 69

gynopathic

Back 69

pertaining to d. of women

Front 70

leukorrhea

Back 70

white discharge from vagina

Front 71

mastalgia

Back 71

pain in the breast

Front 72

mastoptosis

Back 72

sagging breast

Front 73

menarche

Back 73

beginning of menstruation

Front 74

vaginal

Back 74

pertaining to the vagina

Front 75

vulvovaginal

Back 75

pertaining to the vulva and vagina

Front 76

dyspareunia

Back 76

difficult or painful intercourse

Front 77

fistula

Back 77

abnormal passageway btwn two organs or betwn an internal organ and body surface

Front 78

hormone replacement therapy (HRT)

Back 78

replacement of hormones to treat symptoms associated w/ menopause (aka estrogen replacement therapy)

Front 79

menopause

Back 79

cessation of menstruation, usu. around ages of 48-53 yrs. old

Front 80

PMS

Back 80

syndrome involving physical and emotional symptoms occuring in the 10 days before menstruation; incl. nervous tension, irritability, mastalgia, edema, headache

Front 81

speculum

Back 81

instrument for opening a body cavity to allow visual inspection