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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the two definitions of "emerging viruses"?
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1. Newly recognized or new infections of humans
2. Viruses whose prevalance has been increasing over the past few years. |
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What are two reasons why viruses are emerging?
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1. Anthropological changes
2. Anthropogenic changes |
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What type of genome does Hantavirus have?
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Enveloped RNA virus
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What is the primary host of hantavirus?
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Rodents
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What type of transmission is shown in Hantavirus?
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Horizontal transmission
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How do most people aquire Hantavirus?
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Inhaling dried up rat feces when cleaning up after them
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What age group does Hantavirus like to infect?
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Young people
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What is fatality rate of Hantavirus?
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45%
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What region of the globe is Hantavirus mainly seen in?
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North America - US mainly
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What is another name for Hantavirus when it was originally discovered?
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Sin Nombre Virus (SNV)
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What type of clinical manifestations are seen with Hantavirus?
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Respiratory infections
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What weather phenomenon was involved with the epidemic of what virus?
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1. El nino
2. Hantavirus |
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What is characteristic of Filovirus?
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Hemorrhagic fevers
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What is the fatality rate in filoviruses?
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90% to 100%
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What are the two major Filovirus pathogens?
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1. Ebola virus
2. Marburg virus |
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What is the host for Marburg virus?
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Monkey
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Why do you see Ebola virus epidemics burn out relatively fast?
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The virus is so virulent that it burns the host population out before extensive spreading.
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How long does the prepatent peroid for Ebola last?
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5-7 days
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What are the initial symptoms of Ebola
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Flu-like symptoms
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What is a bad initial sign of Ebola virus infection?
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Maculopapula rashes on trunk and shoulders
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What is the main problem in people infected with Ebola?
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Coagulopathy
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How long until death occurs with Ebola virus?
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14 days after inception of illness
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What do the internal organs look like in a fatal case of Ebola?
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Complete liquifaction of the internal organs
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What is the presumed animal host for Ebola?
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Wild dogs
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What is the animal host of Marburg virus?
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Bats
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How is Ebola contracted?
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Close contact with body fluids on infected individuals.
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Where did the SARS outbreak of 2002-2003 originate?
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Guangdong China
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What is the animal host for SARS
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Civet cat
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What type of virus is SARS?
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Coronavirus
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What is the fatality rate of SARS in humans?
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30%
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SARS tends to be tougher on what age group?
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40+
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How long did it take SARS to jump half-way around the world?
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3 weeks
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What is a super-spreader?
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An infected individual that spreads the virus more readily than others.
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What is the best way to control SARS?
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Isolation and quarantine
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What disease was held in check using thermal scanners in the airport?
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SARS
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What type of virus is Chikingunya virus?
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Alphavirus (arbovirus)
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How is Chikingunya spread?
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Ae. aegypti
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What is the major reservior for Chikingunya virus?
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Monkeys
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What is the pathogenesis of Chikingunya virus?
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Non-lethal virus that causes sever muscle pain.
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What strain are we really worried about when it comes to a pandemic flu?
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H5N1
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What has been the mortality rate of H5N1 so far?
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50%
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How is H5N1 mainly spread?
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Domestic ducks
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What is the incubation period for H5N1?
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1 week
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What is the treatment for H5N1?
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Tamiflu
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What would be control measures if an outbreak of H5N1 started?
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1. Quarantine
2. Ring eradication |
