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43 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
In what ages does mononucleosis normally appear?
Adolescents and college students.
What lab tests are used to diagnose mononucleosis?
*WBC
*Monospot test
What is a strong symptom of mononucleosis?
Splenomegaly.
How is mononucleosis transmitted?
Oropharyngeal route during close contact (saliva).
Why should patients be taught to notify an MD if they have abdominal and left shoulder pain.
Abdominal pain can indicate the splenomegaly present in mononucleosis and the shoulder pain can be a result of lymph drainage present in mononucleosis.
What immunization contains a vaccine for pertussis?
DPT.
What are the 3 stages of pertussis?
1.Catarrhal
2.Paroxysmal
3.Convalescent
When is pertussis most infectious?
During the catarrhal stage.
What is tuberculosis (TB)?
A chronic infectious disease that is characterized by the formation of tubercles or granulomas in the lungs.
What was the 1st effective drug used to treat TB in the US?
Streptomycin.
What is the mode of transmission for TB?
Airborne, transmitted by droplet.
Can a person with latent TB spread TB?
No.
Who is most at risk for TB?
Elderly (especially in LTC facilities).
What are some significant clinical manifestations of TB?
*Cough
*Weakness
*Fatigue
*Pallor
*Night sweats
How is TB treated?
With 3-4 drugs at once.
In what kind of room should a patient with TB reside while in the hospital?
A negative pressure room.
Name a therapy that is used to monitor for compliance.
Direct Observation Therapy (DOT).
Is there a vaccine for TB in the US?
No.
At what point is the patient considered no longer infected with TB?
*3 negative AFB smears
*Imporving s/s-effective drug treatment
How is Lyme Disease transmitted?
By an infected deer tick.
What age groups have the highest incidence of Lyme Disease?
Children and >30 years old.
What is the definative symptom of Lyme Disease?
A Bull's eye rash.
What is the primary way of diagnosing Lyme disease?
By clinical manifestations.
What antibiotics are used to treat Lyme disease?
Doxycycline or amoxicillin.
How many stages are there of Lyme disease?
3.
Which stage of Lyme disease is resistant to antibiotics?
The third.
What is important teaching in preventing Lyme disease?
Proper tick removal.
Which clinical manifestation of the West Nile Virus that is fatal?
Encephalitis.
Is the West Nile Virus able to cross the blood/brain barrier?
Yes.
What are the modes of transmitting West Nile Virus?
*Infected mosquitoes
*Transfusions
*Transplants
Which is the best way to avoid West Nile Virus?
Primary prevention - mosquitoe repellant.
How is West Nile Virus diagnosed?
The presence of Igm in blood.
What does Group A Strep do?
It destroys tissue at a rapid rate.
What is the best medical management of Group A Strep?
Prompt treatment. Need immediate debridement of all necrotic tissue.
What is the major contributor to MRSA/VRE?
Inappropriate use of antibiotics.
Where, on the body, do you find MRSA?
*Nasal secretions
*Skin
*urine
Where, on the body, do you find VRE?
*GI tract
*Female genital tract
How long can C. Diff spores survive on inanimate objects?
Up to 70 days.
What causes SARS?
Corona Virus.
Is there a vaccine for SARS?
No.
What should a nurse do immediately if they suspect a patient has SARS?
Place a mask on the patient and put them in a private room.
Is SARS reportable?
Yes.
How is Avian Influenza spread?
Birds' saliva, nasal secretions, and feces.