Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
90 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Which of the following is meant by the "1 Percent Rule" of aging? |
Our organ systems lose about 1 percent of function per year beginning at age 30.
|
|
|
Upon your arrival for a medical call at a private residence, you find an elderly male patient complaining of difficulty breathing. Which of the following findings would provide you with the most valuable information about potential problems this patient may be experiencing?
Answer The temperature in the house The patient's vital signs The patient's positioning on the couch The patient's mental status |
The patient's positioning on the couch
|
|
|
Which of the following fractures is most common among elderly women due to falls?
Answer Pelvis Mid-shaft femur Distal femur Proximal femur |
Proximal femur
|
|
|
Which of the following lung conditions is the fourth leading cause of death among the elderly?
Answer Pneumonia Tuberculosis Pneumothorax Chronic bronchitis |
Pneumonia
|
|
|
A diastolic blood pressure over ________ mmHg is considered hypertensive.
Answer 50 80 90 65 |
90
|
|
|
An elderly patient who is experiencing a myocardial infarction is more likely to complain of which of the following symptoms than a younger patient would?
Answer Shortness of breath with chest pain Shortness of breath without chest pain Chest pain without shortness of breath No chest pain or shortness of breath |
Shortness of breath without chest pain
|
|
|
An elderly patient you are transporting to the hospital for complaints of feeling faint and having abdominal pain provides you with a list of medications he currently takes. Among the medications listed is naproxen. Which of the following would be the most likely condition the patient is experiencing related to the abdominal pain?
Answer Lower gastrointestinal bleeding Abdominal aortic aneurysm Constipation Myocardial infarction |
Lower gastrointestinal bleeding
|
|
|
While assessing the mental status of an elderly patient who has been retired for several years, you notice he has difficulty answering your questions about the day of the week. Based on this information, you should:
Answer consider his mental status as being decreased. suspect a life-threatening neurological event. ask other questions to determine orientation to time. consider the need for advanced provider care. |
ask other questions to determine orientation to time.
|
|
|
When an elderly patient complains of abdominal pain, the EMT should consider this symptom to be:
Answer related to a gastrointestinal problem. an indication of a potentially serious problem. cardiac-related until proven otherwise. non-life-threatening unless accompanied by other symptoms. |
an indication of a potentially serious problem.
|
|
|
Which of the following may provide the EMT with an indication of physical neglect of an elderly patient?
Answer Misuse of a person's personal belongings Evidence of sexual assault Poor hygiene Injuries from a fall |
Poor hygiene
|
|
|
Which of the following is the likely result of diminished thyroid function in the elderly?
Answer Increased toxicity of medications Thin, dry, wrinkled skin Difficulty chewing and swallowing Decreased tolerance of heat and cold |
Decreased tolerance of heat and cold
|
|
|
Which of the following questions is MOST helpful in distinguishing between normal age-related changes and the effects of an illness when assessing an elderly patient?
Answer Are you taking your medications the way you are supposed to be taking them? When was the last time you had a bowel movement? How is your appetite? How do you feel today compared to last week? |
How do you feel today compared to last week?
|
|
|
While listening to an otherwise healthy elderly patient's lungs, you note decreased breath sounds. Which of the following may explain this finding?
Answer Decreased blood flow to the lungs Increased chest wall flexibility Decreased lung capacity Previous abdominal injuries |
Decreased lung capacity
|
|
|
Which of the following is NOT a form of elder abuse or neglect?
Answer Psychological Financial Physical Social |
Social
|
|
|
Which of the following is NOT a common cause of chest pain in the elderly?
Answer Pneumonia Aneurysm Angina Asthma |
Asthma
|
|
|
As you care for an elderly patient experiencing a serious medical condition, you would expect any deterioration to take place:
Answer slowly, with a later shift to rapidly. slowly and steadily. rapidly, with a later shift to slowly. rapidly. |
slowly and steadily.
|
|
|
Of the older patients seen in the emergency department due to a fall, ________ percent will die within 1 year.
Answer 50 35 25 10 |
25
|
|
|
The elderly patient will most likely experience _______ as he or she continues to age.
Answer decreased chewing difficulty increased food absorption increased stomach acid secretion decreased intestinal tract movement |
decreased intestinal tract movement
|
|
|
Concerning aging, which of the following statements is NOT true?
Answer Some elderly people have a low threshold for pain. The systolic blood pressure tends to increase with age. The diastolic blood pressure tends to rise with age. Many elderly patients have a high threshold for pain. |
The diastolic blood pressure tends to rise with age.
|
|
|
Your patient is an 80-year-old male complaining of lower back pain that radiates through to the abdomen. He describes the pain as "ripping" in nature. He is pale, diaphoretic, and anxious. Which of the following conditions is MOST likely?
Answer Gallbladder disease Bowel obstruction An abdominal aortic aneurysm Diverticulitis |
An abdominal aortic aneurysm
|
|
|
You are assessing a 67-year-old male patient who is experiencing a dissecting abdominal aneurysm. Typically, such a patient will describe the pain as:
Answer tearing. sharp. achy. dull. |
tearing
|
|
|
As an adult ages, the body experiences changes that cause:
Answer an inability to maintain homeostasis. disease processes to take place. an increased blood pressure. a decreased compensatory ability. |
a decreased compensatory ability
|
|
|
Which of the following is a serious complication of a fall with chest injuries suffered by a 75-year-old male?
Answer Collapsed lungs Bruised ribs Blood clots Pneumonia |
Pneumonia
|
|
|
When interviewing the elderly patient, the EMT can increase the accuracy of the information he or she gains by:
Answer having his or her partner assist with asking questions. asking multiple questions at the same time. allowing sufficient time for the patient to answer. speaking louder than normal. |
allowing sufficient time for the patient to answer
|
|
|
The elderly population is at least ________ times as likely to use the EMS system as patients in other age groups.
Answer 0.5 10 2 5 |
2
|
|
|
Which of the following serious health problems is related to homelessness?
Answer Hypertension Liver disease Tuberculosis Heart disease |
Tuberculosis
|
|
|
Which of the following BEST describes the origins of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?
Answer Acquired disease Congenital disease Either a congenital or acquired disease Neither a congenital nor acquired disease |
Acquired disease
|
|
|
At which of the following locations is an EMT likely to encounter a patient using an advanced medical device?
Answer Nursing home Specialty care center Private residence All of the above |
All of the above
|
|
|
To determine the appropriate depth an EMT should insert a catheter tip into a tracheostomy tube in order to clear a blocked airway, the EMT should:
Answer insert the catheter until the tip is no longer visible. multiply the internal diameter of the tracheal tube by 10. measure against the length of the obturator. measure from the stoma to the carina. |
measure against the length of the obturator.
|
|
|
Which of the following is the easiest way for an EMT to communicate with a patient with drastic hearing loss?
Answer Slow down your speech so that the patient can read your lips. Speak loudly and directly into the patient's ear. Use a TDD/TYY telephone. Write your questions using paper and pen. |
Write your questions using paper and pen
|
|
|
Compare the pain a patient experiences when receiving a shock from a pacemaker against the pain felt when receiving a shock from an automatic implanted cardiac defibrillator (AICD).
Answer Pacemakers are painless and AICDs are painful. Both are painful. Pacemakers are painful and AICDs are painless. Both are painless. |
Pacemakers are painless and AICDs are painful.
|
|
|
Obesity is defined as a body mass index greater than:
Answer 30. 25. 40. 35. |
30
|
|
|
When transporting a patient who is morbidly obese to the hospital, it is important to monitor which of the following vital signs?
Answer Blood pressure Blood glucose level Oxygen saturation Pulse rate |
Oxygen saturation
|
|
|
Which of the following is the main advantage of peritoneal dialysis over hemodialysis?
Answer Peritoneal dialysis is more effective. Peritoneal dialysis is less prone to infection. Peritoneal dialysis is likely to be done at the patient's home. Peritoneal dialysis is much faster. |
Peritoneal dialysis is likely to be done at the patient's home
|
|
|
During your assessment of a patient, you note a tube protruding from the patient's nose, which is connected to a bag of milky-white fluid. This tube is known as a:
Answer gastric tube. J-tube. tracheal tube. nasogastric tube. |
nasogastric tube
|
|
|
A patient uses a home ventilator connected to his tracheostomy tube to breathe. Which of the following is the correct procedure to use when moving this patient to the ambulance?
Answer Ventilate the patient's nose and mouth with a bag-valve mask. Ventilate the patient's tracheostomy tube via a connected bag-valve mask. Ventilate the patient with mouth-to-mask ventilations. Do nothing; there is no need to ventilate the patient between the house and the ambulance. |
Ventilate the patient's tracheostomy tube via a connected bag-valve mask.
|
|
|
Which of the following refers to a condition that interferes significantly with a person's ability to engage in activities of daily living?
Answer Disability Handicapped Disabled Terminal |
Disability
|
|
|
Which of the following is true with regards to touching a patient who is being shocked with an automatic implanted cardiac defibrillator (AICD)?
Answer The EMT will always feel the shock, but it is not very painful. The EMT cannot feel the shock of an AICD when delivered to the patient. It depends on the AICD model as to whether or not the EMT can feel the shock. The EMT will always feel the shock and it is very dangerous to the EMT as well. |
The EMT cannot feel the shock of an AICD when delivered to the patient.
|
|
|
Which of the following is the BEST course of action for the EMT to take when caring for a patient with an AICD who goes into cardiac arrest?
Answer CPR and an AED should be used as indicated while on-scene and transporting the patient. The AED should be applied and used, but CPR should not be started while on-scene or transporting the patient. CPR should be started, but the AED should not be used while on-scene or transporting the patient. No action beyond transport is required since the patient already has an implanted defibrillator. |
CPR and an AED should be used as indicated while on-scene and transporting the patient.
|
|
|
Assessing blood pressure on a patient with an AV shunt, fistula, or graft could lead to which of the following?
Answer Inaccurate blood pressure readings Uncontrollable hemorrhage in the extremity Nothing, as there is no need to avoid assessing blood pressure in a patient's arm with an AV fistula, shunt, or graft. Damage to the AV shunt, fistula, or graft, requiring surgery |
Damage to the AV shunt, fistula, or graft, requiring surgery
|
|
|
During a power failure, how should the EMT verify adequate ventilations are being administered to an unresponsive patient with a tracheostomy tube using a bag-valve mask?
Answer Observe for improving skin color. Ensure a good connection between the bag-valve mask and the tracheostomy tube. Observe for chest rise and fall. All of the above |
All of the above
|
|
|
Which of the following is the correct position to use when transporting a patient who has a tracheostomy tube?
Answer Supine Head slightly elevated Prone Shock position |
Head slightly elevated
|
|
|
Which of the following BEST describes a disease such as deafness?
Answer Neither a congenital nor acquired disease Either a congenital or acquired disease Acquired disease Congenital disease |
Either a congenital or acquired disease
|
|
|
While transporting a patient who has an indwelling Foley catheter, it is important to keep the collection bag:
Answer with the patient's caregiver. lower than the level of the patient. level with the patient. higher than the level of the patient. |
lower than the level of the patient
|
|
|
Which of the following situations are frequently problematic for patients who have tracheostomy tubes?
Answer Mucus buildup Tube malplacement Tracheal tears Air embolism |
Mucus buildup
|
|
|
What is the purpose of a tracheostomy in an ill patient?
Answer To assist the patient with waste removal To assist the patient with feedings To assist the patient with sleeping To assist the patient with breathing |
To assist the patient with breathing
|
|
|
While ventilating a conscious patient's tracheostomy tube with a connected bag-valve mask, the EMT should verify the patient's comfort level for which of the following?
Answer The ventilation volume The ventilation pressure The ventilation rate All of the above |
All of the above
|
|
|
Chloe was born with a cardiac problem that she will have to manage the rest of her life. This disease is considered to be:
Answer congenital. genetic. acquired. autoimmune. |
congenital
|
|
|
Bariatrics is defined as the branch of medicine that deals with the cause, prevention, and treatment of which disease?
Answer Blindness Diabetes Sleep apnea Obesity |
Obesity
|
|
|
Obesity increases the risk for which of the following health problems?
Answer Liver disease Type 2 diabetes Respiratory problems All of the above |
All of the above
|
|
|
Which of the following is a feature of a good disaster plan?
Answer It is specific to the geographical location. It has been practiced in mock disasters. It is based on the availability of resources in a particular area. All of the above |
All of the above
|
|
|
ICS systems recognize that the manageable span of control is:
Answer 18 people. 24 people. 6 people. 12 people. |
6 people
|
|
|
Which of the following is NOT a desirable characteristic of the rehabilitation sector of a hazardous materials incident?
Answer It allows for rapid re-entry to the emergency operation. It is large enough to accommodate multiple rescue crews. It is protected from weather elements. It is located in the warm zone. |
It is located in the warm zone.
|
|
|
The senior EMT on the first ambulance that arrived on a scene with multiple patients should assume which of the following roles until relieved by a senior official?
Answer Transport sector supervisor Commander of the medical aspect of the scene Commander of the entire incident Triage sector supervisor |
Commander of the medical aspect of the scene
|
|
|
When responding to a multiple-casualty incident, staging refers to which of the following?
Answer Staying on station until called upon to receive a patient Setting up a triage center from the back of your ambulance Waiting in a designated location until called upon by the designated sector officer Keeping a log of all patients transported |
Waiting in a designated location until called upon by the designated sector officer
|
|
|
Which of the following is a function of the rehabilitation sector in a hazardous materials incident?
Answer Providing for hydration of rescue crews Taking baseline vital signs before rescuers enter the operations area Performing medical assessment of rescue crews All of the above |
All of the above
|
|
|
You arrive on the scene where a school bus has been hit by a train. The bus was in its early stages of picking up students and you only have 5 patients. Your closest unit is 30 minutes away. Please triage this patient based on this scenario:
Patient #5 is a 17-year-old male with the following vital signs: respirations 18, pulse 104, alert, crying, and wanting his mother; he is ambulatory. Answer Priority 2, yellow tag Priority 3, green tag Priority 1, red tag Priority 4, black tag |
Priority 3, green tag
|
|
|
Where is the decon corridor located where patients, personnel, and equipment are decontaminated?
Answer Warm zone Cool zone Hot zone Cold zone |
Warm zone
|
|
|
Simple Triage and Rapid Treatment (START) is a system that relies on some simple commands and what three physiologic parameters?
Answer Respiration, pulse, and mental status Circulation, sensory, and motor status Respiration, pain, and mental status Respiration, sensory, and motor status |
Respiration, pulse, and mental status
|
|
|
Which of the following is a principle of effective incident command?
Answer Command is most effective when one person is responsible for not more than six other people. The command location must not be revealed to anyone on the scene. Police, fire, and EMS must establish separate command locations. None of the above |
Command is most effective when one person is responsible for not more than six other people
|
|
|
_______________ is the response agency, established in Washington, DC, as a service of the Chemical Manufacturers Association, that can provide either you or your dispatcher with information about the hazardous material and contact the shipper to provide you with information about the material.
Answer CHEMTREC OSHA HAZMART EPA |
CHEMTREC
|
|
|
To respond to a hazardous materials incident, the EMT should be trained at which of the four levels?
Answer Operations Technician Awareness Specialist |
Awareness
|
|
|
When seeking expert advice on how to proceed at a hazardous materials incident, which of the following information is important to provide?
Answer The amount of the substance involved Your level of EMS certification Your background in chemistry Both A and B |
The amount of the substance involved
|
|
|
Which of the following is the most common type of multiple-casualty incident that EMS providers will respond to?
Answer Motor vehicle collisions Structure fires Outbreaks of influenza Hazardous materials incidents |
Motor vehicle collisions
|
|
|
In which of the following settings should the EMT be alert to the possibility of hazardous materials emergencies?
Answer Manufacturing industries Farm service agencies Shipping ports All of the above |
All of the above
|
|
|
You are an EMT on the scene of a mass-casualty incident in which there are 50 patients from a bus roll-over. Incident command has been established and EMS, law enforcement, and rescue sectors are established. You have just discovered that one of the bus passengers was carrying a suspicious package that is now leaking a white powdery substance. Which of the following entities should you contact about this?
Answer Rescue sector officer EMS sector officer Dispatch Incident commander |
EMS sector officer
|
|
|
EMS operations generally include the Mobile command center and what other six areas?
Answer Extrication, Operations, Logistics, Triage, Finance, and Transportation Extrication, Staging, Logistics, Triage, Operations, and Transportation Extrication, Staging, Triage, Air operations, Transportation, and Rehabilitation Extrication, Staging, Triage, Treatment, Transportation, and Rehabilitation |
Extrication, Staging, Triage, Treatment, Transportation, and Rehabilitation
|
|
|
Which of the following personal protective items must be used by EMS personnel caring for patients in a hazardous materials emergency?
Answer Chemical permeable gloves HEPA mask Tyvek or other chemical impermeable coveralls Structural firefighting gear |
Tyvek or other chemical impermeable coveralls
|
|
|
With START triage, when you arrive on the scene you ask all the patients who can walk to move to one area. These patients are categorized as:
Answer yellow tagged. Priority 4 walking wounded. Priority 3 walking wounded. red tagged. |
Priority 3 walking wounded
|
|
|
In which of the following zones is the EMT expected to be staged at the scene of a hazardous materials incident?
Answer Cold zone Warm zone Ground zero Hot zone |
Cold zone
|
|
|
Which of the following is a resource for specific actions to be taken by personnel dealing with a hazardous materials incident?
Answer Medical protocols Food and Drug Administration toll-free hotline Medical dictionary Emergency Response Guidebook |
Emergency Response Guidebook
|
|
|
Which of the following are desirable characteristics of the "safe or cold zone" in a hazardous materials incident?
Answer Upwind, uphill from the spill Downwind, downhill from the spill Upwind, on the same level as the spill Downwind, uphill from the spill |
Upwind, on the same level as the spill
|
|
|
Which of the following agencies have developed regulations for dealing with hazardous materials emergencies?
Answer DOT and FCC OSHA and EPA NHTSA and NRC NAEMT and NHTSA |
OSHA and EPA
|
|
|
You are on the scene of a church bus roll-over collision. There are 30 passengers involved. As triage officer, which one of the following patients should you assign the highest priority?
Answer An unresponsive 9-year-old male with an open skull fracture who is in cardiac arrest A 70-year-old woman who is awake but having difficulty breathing and has absent lung sounds on the right side A 35-year-old pregnant woman with a cut on her head, neck pain, and numbness and tingling in her arms A 30-year-old man with multiple lower extremity fractures who is awake, has a strong radial pulse, and is complaining of severe pain |
A 70-year-old woman who is awake but having difficulty breathing and has absent lung sounds on the right side
|
|
|
You arrive on the scene where a school bus has been hit by a train. The bus was in its early stages of picking up students and you have 5 patients. Your closest unit is 30 minutes away. Please triage this patient based on this scenario:
Patient #1 is a 16-year-old female with the following vital signs: respirations 28, pulse 132, and altered mental status with cool clammy skin. Answer Priority 2, yellow tag Priority 3, green tag Priority 4, black tag Priority 1, red tag |
Priority 1, red tag
|
|
|
Concerning the threat of nuclear devices used in terrorist attacks, which of the following is MOST likely to be used in such an attack?
Answer Military nuclear device Sabotage of facilities for nuclear research A radiological dispersal device An improvised nuclear weapon |
Sabotage of facilities for nuclear research
|
|
|
Which of the following is a type of chemical weapon?
Answer Bacterial toxin Plastic explosives A bomb containing radioactive material Vesicants |
Vesicants
|
|
|
A terrorist incident may have features in common with which of the following types of incidents?
Answer Infectious disease Mass casualty Hazardous materials All of the above |
All of the above
|
|
|
Terrorist incidents typically involve all of the following agents EXCEPT:
Answer biological agents. explosives. nuclear agents. allergens. |
allergens
|
|
|
Which of the following may be a clue that an incident is the result of terrorist violence?
Answer The function of the target The number of people present Occurrence on the anniversary of a significant or symbolic historical event All of the above |
All of the above
|
|
|
The current trend in international terrorism is that it tends to be motivated by which of the following?
Answer Religion Ethics Environmental issues Politics |
Religion
|
|
|
Which of the following features increases the appeal of an infectious agent for use in terrorist attacks?
Answer Low virulence Instability High infectivity All of the above |
High infectivity
|
|
|
An outbreak of which of the following illnesses would be LEAST likely to occur naturally?
Answer Botulism Smallpox Anthrax Venezuelan encephalitis |
Anthrax
|
|
|
Which of the following BEST defines domestic terrorism?
Answer Interpersonal violence between family members Acts of violence perpetrated by American citizens against the government of another country A politically motivated act of violence that occurs within the United States A small group of people directing violent acts at the population or government without foreign influence |
A small group of people directing violent acts at the population or government without foreign influence
|
|
|
Which of the following is NOT a consideration in the general protection against agents used in terrorist attacks?
Answer Immunization Distance from event Shielding from the agent Duration of exposure |
Immunization
|
|
|
Which of the following chemical agents prohibits the use of oxygen in the cells?
Answer Nerve agents Blister agents Cyanide All of the above |
Cyanide
|
|
|
Biological warfare is most effective when the agent can gain access through which of the following routes?
Answer Blood Skin Gastrointestinal tract Respiratory tract |
Respiratory tract
|
|
|
Which of the following is a consideration when responding to a terrorist incident?
Answer The presence of mass casualties Crime scene considerations The presence of booby-traps such as secondary explosive devices All of the above |
All of the above
|
|
|
Which of the following is NOT generally recognized as a form of terrorist incident?
Answer Biological weapons Explosion Harassment Industrial sabotage |
Harassment
|
|
|
Which of the following does NOT have an impact on the behavior of a chemical in a mass-casualty incident?
Answer The volatility of the agent The route of entry into the body Whether it was an intentional or accidental exposure The physical state of the agent |
Whether it was an intentional or accidental exposure
|
