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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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"...trauma is the leading cause of death for persons between the ages of ___ and ____." |
-One -Forty-four Ch. 25, pg. 653 |
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"One of the core tenets of trauma care is to maintain or restore ______." |
Perfusion Ch. 25, pg. 653 |
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What system is responsible for the distribution of blood to all parts of the body? |
Circulatory (or cardiovascular) Ch. 25, pg. 654 |
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Three main components of the circulatory system |
-Heart -Blood vessels -Blood Ch. 25, pg. 654 |
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Name five functions of the blood |
-Transportation of gases -Nutrition -Excretion -Protection -Regulation Ch. 25, pg. 655-656 |
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"__________________ is the major cause of shock (hypoperfusion) in trauma." |
Severe bleeding, or hemorrhage Ch. 25, pg. 656 |
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"_________________ is bleeding that occurs outside the body." |
External bleeding, or hemorrhage Ch. 25, pg. 656 |
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"_________________ occurs when extensive wounds open up large blood vessels or many smaller blood vessels." |
Massive hemorrhage Ch. 25, pg. 656 |
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Characteristics of arterial bleeding |
-Spurting blood -Pulsating flow -Bright red color Ch. 25, pg. 657 |
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Characteristics of venous bleeding |
-Steady, slow flow -Dark red color Ch. 25, pg. 657 |
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Characteristics of capillary bleeding |
Slow, even flow Ch. 25, pg. 657 |
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Four signs of shock (in order of appearance) |
-Altered mental status -Pale, cool, and clammy skin -Nausea and vomiting -Vital sign changes Ch. 25, pg. 659 |
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What are the first vital signs to change during shock? |
-Pulse -Respirations Ch. 25, pg. 659 |
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"In most cases the first step in bleeding control will be to ____________________." |
Compress the wound with direct pressure Ch. 25, pg. 660 |
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"If the bleeding is severe of spurting, immediately _______________. Do not waste time trying to _____________." |
-Place your gloved hand directly on the wound -Find a dressing Ch. 25, pg. 662 |
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"...hemostatic agents aid direct pressure but do not _________." |
Replace it Ch. 25, pg. 660 |
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"Tourniquets are used on only ________ injuries." |
Extremity Ch. 25, pg. 666 |
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Do not apply a tourniquet directly over a(n) __________. |
Joint Ch. 25, pg. 666 |
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"Place the tourniquet approximately ________ above the bleeding wound." |
Two inches Ch. 25, pg. 666 |
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Hemorrhage control procedure for extremity wound |
1. Direct pressure on extremity wound 2. Tourniquet on extremity wound Ch. 25, pg. 666 |
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Hemorrhage control procedure for head or trunk wound |
1. Direct pressure on head or trunk wound 2. Hemostatic gauze on head or trunk wound Ch. 25, pg. 666 |
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"Do not leave ice in place for longer than __________ at a time." |
20 minutes Ch. 25, pg. 666 |
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Why should you not attempt to stop bleeding or fluid loss from fluid being forced out of the cranial cavity from head trauma? |
Doing so may increase the pressure in the skull Ch. 25, pg. 666 |
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"Shock, also known as hypoperfusion, is _____________." |
Inadequate tissue perfusion Ch. 25, pg. 670 |
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What is the golden hour? |
A term used to describe the optimal time from the infliction of a traumatic injury until the patient receives definitive treatment in a hospital--usually surgery Ch. 25, pg. 674 |
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What is the platinum 10 minutes? |
A term used to describe the goal for on-scene time when caring for a trauma or shock patient, which is a maximum of 10 minutes (unless lengthy extrication is required) Ch. 25, pg. 674 |
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Definition: arterial bleeding |
Bleeding from an artery, which is characterized by bright red blood that is rapid, profuse, and difficult to control Ch. 25, pg. 677 |
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Definition: capillary bleeding |
Bleeding from capillaries, which is characterized by a slow, oozing flow of blood Ch. 25, pg. 677 |
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Definition: cardiogenic shock |
Shock, or lack of perfusion, brought on not by blood loss but by the heart's inadequate pumping action. It is often the result of a heart attack or congestive heart failure Ch. 25, pg. 677 |
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Definition: compensated shock |
When the patient is developing shock but the body is still able to maintain perfusion. Ch. 25, pg. 677 |
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Definition: decompensated shock |
When the body can no longer compensate for low blood volume or lack of perfusion. Late signs such as decreasing blood pressure become evident. Ch. 25, pg. 677 |
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Definition: hemorrhage |
Bleeding, especially severe bleeding Ch. 25, pg. 677 |
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Definition: hemorrhagic shock |
Shock resulting from blood loss Ch. 25, pg. 677 |
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Definition: hemostatic agents |
Substances applied as powders, dressings, gauze, or bandages to open wounds to stop bleeding Ch. 25, pg. 677 |
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Definition: hypoperfusion |
The body's inability to adequately circulate blood to the body's cells to supply them with oxygen and nutrients Ch. 25, pg. 677 |
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Definition: hypovolemic shock |
Shock resulting from blood or fluid loss Ch. 25, pg. 677 |
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Definition: neurogenic shock |
Hypoperfusion due to nerve paralysis (sometimes caused by spinal cord injuries) resulting in the dilation of blood vessels that increases the volume of the circulatory system beyond the point where it can be filled Ch. 25, pg. 677 |
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Definition: perfusion |
The supply of oxygen to and removal of wastes from the body's cells and tissues as a result of the flow of blood through the capillaries Ch. 25, pg. 677 |
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Definition: pressure dressing |
A bulky dressing held in position with a tightly wrapped bandage, which applies pressure to help control bleeding Ch. 25, pg. 677 |
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Definition: shock |
The body's inability to adequately circulate blood to the body's cells to supply them with oxygen and nutrients, which is a life-threatening condition Ch. 25, pg. 677 |
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Definition: tourniquet |
A device used for bleeding control that constricts all blood flow to and from an extremity Ch. 25, pg. 677 |
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Definition: venous bleeding |
Bleeding from a vein, which is characterized by dark red or maroon blood and a steady, easy-to-control flow Ch. 25, pg. 677 |
