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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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"Since it is impossible for an EMT or other health care professional to identify patients who carry infectious diseases just by looking at them, all body fluids must be ______________, and appropriate precautions ____________________." |
-Considered infectious -Taken for all patients at all times Ch. 2, pg. 27 |
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"Take precautions against anything you see or _____________________________." |
Anything you reasonably expect to encounter. Ch. 2, pg. 28 |
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Two methods of hand cleaning |
-Hand washing -Alcohol-based hand cleaners Ch. 2, pg. 31 |
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"Protective eyewear should provide a guard from the ________and the _________." |
-Front -Sides Ch. 2, pg. 31 |
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"In cases where there will be blood or fluid spatter, wear a ___________. In cases where tuberculosis...is suspected, a ___________________ or _____________________ approved by the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) is the standard." |
-Surgical-type mask -N-95 -High-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) Ch. 2, pg. 32 |
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"Although there are many communicable diseases, four are of particular concern: ________, ____________, _________, and ___________." |
-Hepatitis B -Hepatitis C -Tuberculosis -HIV/AIDS Ch. 2, pg. 33 |
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Mode of transmission for AIDS |
HIV-infected blood via intravenous drug use, unprotected sexual contact, blood transfusions, or (rarely) accidental needlesticks. Mothers also may pass HIV to their unborn children. Ch. 2, pg. 34, table 2-1 |
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Mode of transmission for Chicken pox (Varicella) |
Airborne droplets. Can also be spread by contact with open sores. Ch. 2, pg. 34, table 2-1 |
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Mode of transmission for Ebola |
Blood and body fluids (e.g. urine, saliva, feces, vomit, sweat, and semen) Ch. 2, pg. 34, table 2-1 |
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Mode of transmission for German measles (rubella) |
Airborne droplets. Mothers may also pass the disease to unborn children. Ch. 2, pg. 34, table 2-1 |
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Mode of transmission for Influenza (flu--various strains including swine and avian) |
Respiratory droplet Ch. 2, pg. 34, table 2-1 |
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Mode of transmission for Hepatitis |
Blood, stool, or other body fluids, or contaminated objects Ch. 2, pg. 34, table 2-1 |
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Mode of transmission for Meningitis, bacterial |
Oral and nasal secretions Ch. 2, pg. 34, table 2-1 |
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Mode of transmission for Mumps |
Droplets of saliva or object contaminated by saliva Ch. 2, pg. 34, table 2-1 |
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Mode of transmission for Pneumonia, bacterial and viral |
Oral and nasal droplets and secretions Ch. 2, pg. 34, table 2-1 |
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Mode of transmission for Staphylococcal skin infections |
Direct contact with infected wounds or sores or with contaminated objects Ch. 2, pg. 34, table 2-1 |
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Mode of transmission for Tuberculosis (TB) |
Respiratory secretions, airborne, or on contaminated objects Ch. 2, pg. 34, table 2-1 |
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Mode of transmission for Whooping cough (pertussis) |
Respiratory secretions or airborne droplets Ch. 2, pg. 34, table 2-1 |
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Incubation period for AIDS |
Several months or years Ch. 2, pg. 34, table 2-1 |
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Incubation period for Chicken pox (varicella) |
11 to 21 days Ch. 2, pg. 34, table 2-1 |
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Incubation period for Ebola |
2-21 days (most commonly 8-10 days) Ch. 2, pg. 34, table 2-1 |
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Incubation period for German measles (rubella) |
10 to 12 days Ch. 2, pg. 34, table 2-1 |
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Incubation period for Influenza (flu--various strains including swine and avian) |
1 to 7 days Ch. 2, pg. 34, table 2-1 |
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Incubation period for Hepatitis |
Weeks to months, depending on type Ch. 2, pg. 34, table 2-1 |
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Incubation period for Meningitis, bacterial |
2 to 10 days Ch. 2, pg. 34, table 2-1 |
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Incubation period for Mumps |
14 to 24 days Ch. 2, pg. 34, table 2-1 |
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Incubation period for Pneumonia, bacterial and viral |
Several days Ch. 2, pg. 34, table 2-1 |
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Incubation period for Staphylococcal skin infections |
Several days Ch. 2, pg. 34, table 2-1 |
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Incubation period for Tuberculosis (TB) |
2 to 6 weeks Ch. 2, pg. 34, table 2-1 |
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Incubation period for Whooping cough (pertussis) |
6 to 20 days Ch. 2, pg. 34, table 2-1 |
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"Scientists have identified the main culprits in the transmission of many deadly infectious diseases: ________ and __________." |
-Blood -Body fluids Ch. 2, pg. 36 |
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"Critical elements of the [bloodborne pathogen control] standard are summarized in the following list:" |
-Infectious exposure control plan -Adequate education and training -Hepatitis B vaccination -Personal protective equipment (PPE) -Methods of control -Housekeeping -Labeling -Postexposure evaluation and follow-up Ch. 2, pg. 36-37 |
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Two different notification systems for infectious disease defined in the CARE Act: |
-Airborne disease exposure -Bloodborne or other infectious disease exposure Ch. 2, pg. 37 |
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Notification system for airborne disease exposure under the CARE Act: |
You will be notified by your designated officer when you have been exposed to an airborne disease Ch. 2, pg. 37 |
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Notification system for bloodborne or other infectious disease exposure under the CARE Act: |
You may submit a request for a determination as to whether or not you were exposed to a bloodborne or other infectious disease. Ch. 2, pg. 37 |
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"It is safest to assume that any person with a productive cough may be _______________." |
Infected with TB Ch. 2, pg. 39 |
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"You are required to wear an N-95 or HEPA respirator when you are:" |
-Caring for patients suspected of having TB -Transporting an individual from such a setting in a closed vehicle -Performing high-risk procedures such as endotracheal suctioning and intubation Ch. 2, pg. 40 |
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Three stages of general adaptation syndrome |
1. Alarm reaction 2. Stage of resistance 3. Exhaustion Ch. 2, pg. 41 |
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"A critical incident...is:" |
Any situation that triggers a strong emotional response. Ch. 2, pg. 41 |
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"Acute stress reactions are often linked to ___________________. " |
Catastrophes, such as a large-scale natural disaster, a plane crash, or a coworker's line-of-duty death or injury Simultaneously or within a very short time following the incident. Ch. 2, pg. 41 |
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"Signs and symptoms of an acute stress reaction will develop ___________________." |
Simultaneously or within a very short time following the incident. Ch. 2, pg. 41 |
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"...a delayed stress reaction, also known as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can be triggered by __________; however the signs and symptoms may not become evident ____________________." |
-A specific incident -Until days, months, or even years later Ch. 2, pg. 42 |
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"Cumulative stress reaction, or burnout, is not triggered by ________ but instead results from _______________ and develops ________________." |
-A single critical incident -Sustained, recurring low-level stressors--possibly in more than one aspect of one's life -Over a period of years Ch. 2, pg. 42 |
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Two types of stress |
-Eustress -Distress Ch. 2, pg. 44 |
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"Eustress is ___________" |
A positive form of stress that helps people work under pressure and respond effectively. Ch. 2, pg. 44 |
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"Distress is __________________." |
Negative. It can happen when the stress of a scene becomes overwhelming. Ch. 2, pg. 44 |
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"The _____________ model is a process in which a team of trained peer counselors and mental health professionals meet with rescuers and health care providers who have been involved in a major incident. The meetings are generally held _____________________." |
-Critical Incident Stress Debriefing (CISD) -24-72 hours after the incident Ch. 2, pg. 44-45 |
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Five emotional stages of grief |
1. Denial 2. Anger 3. Bargaining 4. Depression 5. Acceptance Ch. 2, pg. 45 |
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"Your most important roles at the scene of a hazardous material incident are ___________________, ____________________, and _________________." |
-Recognizing potential problems -Taking initial actions for your personal safety and the safety of others -Notifying an appropriately trained hazardous material response team. Ch. 2, pg. 47 |
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"The three R's of reacting to danger are __________, __________, and ____________." |
-Retreat -Radio -Reevaluate Ch. 2, pg. 49 |
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Difference between cover and concealment |
"Taking cover means finding a position that protects your body from projectiles, such as behind a brick wall. Concealing yourself is hiding your body behind an object that cannot protect you." Ch. 2, pg. 50 |
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Definition: contamination |
The introduction of dangerous chemicals, disease, or infectious materials Ch. 2, pg. 51 |
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Definition: critical incident stress management (CISM) |
A comprehensive system that includes education and resources to both prevent stress and to deal with stress appropriately when it occurs Ch. 2, pg. 51 |
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Definition: decontamination |
The removal or cleansing of dangerous chemicals and other dangerous or infectious materials Ch. 2, pg. 51 |
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Definition: hazardous material incident |
The release of a harmful substance into the environment Ch. 2, pg. 51 |
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Definition: multiple-casualty incident (MCI) |
An emergency involving multiple patients Ch. 2, pg. 51 |
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Definition: pathogens |
The organisms that cause infection, such as viruses and bacteria Ch. 2, pg. 51 |
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Definition: personal protective equipment (PPE) |
Equipment that protects the EMS worker from infection and/or exposure to the dangers of rescue operations Ch. 2, pg. 51 |
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Definition: Standard Precautions |
A strict form of infection control that is based on the assumption that all blood and other body fluids are infectious Ch. 2, pg. 51 |
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Definition: stress |
A state of physical and/or psychological arousal to a stimulus Ch. 2, pg. 51 |
