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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Where do Gonads develop from
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Intermediate mass of mesoderm (also kidney and adrenal develop from this too), forms gonadal ridge.
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Problems with gonad development
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Wilms Tumour 1 - kidney tumours too and agonadal state.
E=Knockout in mice - no gonads no kidney SF1 - |
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Sertoli cells formed from
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mesoderm
(female equivalent mesoderm forms granulosa cells) |
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Umbilical arteries deoxygenated or oxygenated blood?
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Deoxygenated (artery from fetal heart)
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Tissue from which AV valves develop from?
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Endocardial cushion tissue
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Ductus arteriosus
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between pulmonary artery and aorta - bypasses fetal lung
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Skeleton of face comes from...
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...migrating neural crest cells
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Skin melanocytes are derived from....
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...neural crest cell
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Germ layer from which hepatocytes originate
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Endoderm
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Ductus venosus
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Bypasses gut
Formed from umbilical and portal (from gut) veins |
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Conotruncal region
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Outflow tract of heart
Contains NC cells vital for septation of trunk E= Mice in which NC cells migration prevented - Persistent Truncus arteriosus |
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Dizygotic twins
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2 zygotes formed (2 separate oocytes fertilised) -non identical
Monozygotic - 2 Inner cell masses formed in blastocyst/blastocyst splits into 2. |
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Ectopic pregnancy
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Blastocyst implants in tube or ovary or abdomen (not in uterus)
Emergency! Pregnancy not usually viable and can cause internal bleeding to mother! |
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Blastocyst constituents
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ICM - forms embryo!
Trophoblast - forms placenta |
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Bilaminar germ disc?
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Epiblast - gives rise to 3 germ layers
Hypoblast - endoderm cells of yolk sac (primary to secondary) |
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Decidual reaction
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Cells of adjacent endometrium respond to presence of blastocyst and also progesterone - differentiate into decidual cells.
These are highly metabolically active and release metabolites and growth factprs to support the embryos growth. |
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Primitive streak
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Essential for determining body axes
Pile up of epiblast cells along it Runs from Primitive node (around middle) to cloacal membrane (bumhole) |
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Gastrulation
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Epiblast cells lined up along primitive streak invaginate through the basement membrane and travel cephalically and laterally.
Form the definitive mesoderm and endoderm. Remaining layer - ectoderm. |
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Neural tube formation induced by?
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Notocord
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