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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Pharyngeal clefts derived from which tissue?
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Ectoderm
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Pharyngeal arches derived from which tissues?
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Mesoderm (muscles, arteries)
Neural crest (bones, cartilage) |
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Pharyngeal pouches derived from which tissues?
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Endoderm
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1st cleft derivative
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External auditory meatus
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2nd - 4th cleft derivatives
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Temporary cervical sinuses
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1st arch - nerve + muscles derivatives
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N: CN V2, V3
M: mastication, anterior belly digastric, mylohyoid, tensor tympani, tensor veli palatini |
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1st pharyngeal arch - cartilage/bone derivatives
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Meckel's cartilage: mandible, malleus, incus, spheno-mandibular ligament
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Treacher Collins syndrome
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1st arch neural crest fail to migrate --> mandibular hypoplasia
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2nd arch - nerve and muscle derivatives
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N: CN VII
M: facial expression muscles, stapedium, stylohoid, posterior belly digastric |
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2nd arch - cartilage/bone derivatives
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Reichert's cartilage: stapes, styloid process, lesser horn of hyoid, stylohyoid ligament
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3rd arch - nerve and muscle derivatives
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N: CN IX
M: stylopharyngeus |
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3rd arch - bone derivatives
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Greater horn of hyoid
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4th arch - nerve and muscle derivatives
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N: CN X - superior laryngeal branch
M: phayngeal constrictors, cricothyroid, levator veli palatini |
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4th arch - cartilage derivatives
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Thyroid, cricoid, arytenoids, corniculate, cuneiform
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6th arch - nerve and muscle derivatives
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N: CN X - recurrent laryngeal branch
M: all intrinsic muscles of larynx except cricothyroid |
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6th arch - cartilage derivatives
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Thyroid, cricoid, arytenoids, corniculate, cuneiform
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Posterior 1/3 of tongue made from which arches?
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3rd and 4th arches
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Congenital pharyngocutaneous fistula
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Fistula between tonsillar area, cleft in lateral neck
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1st pouch derivatives
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Middle ear cavity
Eustachian tube Mastoid air cells (Endoderm-lined structures of ear) |
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2nd pouch derivatives
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Epithelial lining of palatine tonsil
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3rd pouch derivatives
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Inferior parathyroids (dorsal wings)
Thymus (ventral wings) |
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4th pouch derivatives
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Superior parathyoids (dorsal wings)
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DiGeorge syndrome
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Failure of 3rd and 4th pouches to develop --> lack of parathyroids and thymus.
Hypocalcemia and T-cell deficiency |
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MEN 2A - pharyngeal pouch involvement
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3rd, 4th pouches - parathyroid tumour
4th pouch - parafollicular cells - medullary thyroid cancer |
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Cleft lip
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Failure of fusion of maxillary and medial nasal processes (primary palate)
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Cleft palate
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Failure of fusion of lateral palatine processes, nasal septum, and median palatine process (secondary palate)
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